Dynamic Self-Reconstruction Heterostructures: Boosting the High-Stability for Hydrogen Evolution of NiMo Alloys in Acidic Environments.

Electrocatalytic water splitting is considered one of the most promising approaches for large-scale hydrogen production. However, designing transition metal catalysts with high durability under acidic conditions remains a significant challenge. The durability of the catalyst is closely related to the changes of the catalyst during its operation, and constructing effective surface reconstruction strategies can help address the durability issues of transition metals in acidic hydrogen evolution reactions (HER).

PD-1 signaling limits expression of phospholipid phosphatase 1 and promotes intratumoral CD8 T cell ferroptosis.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) promotes metabolic reprogramming and dysfunction in immune cells. Here, we examined the impact of the TME on phospholipid metabolism in CD8 T cells. In lung cancer, phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were lower in intratumoral CD8 T cells than in circulating CD8 T cells.

XELOX (capecitabine plus oxaliplatin) plus bevacizumab (anti-VEGF-A antibody) with or without adoptive cell immunotherapy in the treatment of patients with previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer: a multicenter, open-label, randomized, controlled, phase 3 trial.

Fluoropyrimidine-based combination chemotherapy plus targeted therapy is the standard initial treatment for unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), but the prognosis remains poor. This phase 3 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03950154) assessed the efficacy and adverse events (AEs) of the combination of PD-1 blockade-activated DC-CIK (PD1-T) cells with XELOX plus bevacizumab as a first-line therapy in patients with mCRC.

Sulforaphane activates CD8 T cells antitumor response through IL-12RB2/MMP3/FasL-induced MDSCs apoptosis'.

Background: Extensive attention has been given to the role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in driving tumor progression and treatment failure. Preclinical studies have identified multiple agents that eliminate MDSCs. However, none have been authorized in the cliniccal ues due to the safety reasons.

MDSCs-derived GPR84 induces CD8 T-cell senescence via p53 activation to suppress the antitumor response.

Backgrounds: G-protein-coupled receptor 84 (GPR84) marks a subset of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) with stronger immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. Yet, how GPR84 endowed the stronger inhibition of MDSCs to CD8 T cells function is not well established. In this study, we aimed to identify the underlying mechanism behind the immunosuppression of CD8 T cells by GPR84 MDSCs.

Associations Between Dysphagia and Adverse Health Outcomes in Older Adults with Dementia in Intensive Care Units: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Dysphagia is common in elderly patients with dementia and is one of the common clinical geriatric syndromes. It imposes a heavy burden on patients and their caregivers and is becoming an important public health problem. This study examined the association between dysphagia in older dementia patients in the ICU and the subsequent adverse health outcomes they experience.

A risk nomogram for predicting prolonged intensive care unit stays in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Providing intensive care is increasingly expensive, and the aim of this study was to construct a risk column line graph (nomograms)for prolonged length of stay (LOS) in the intensive care unit (ICU) for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: This study included 4,940 patients, and the data set was randomly divided into training ( = 3,458) and validation ( = 1,482) sets at a 7:3 ratio. First, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was used to optimize variable selection by running a tenfold k-cyclic coordinate descent.

Predictive factors and prognosis of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis in non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Objective: To investigate the influencing factors and prognosis of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (CIP) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients during or after receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs).

Methods: The clinical and laboratory indicator data of 222 advanced NSCLC patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between December 2017 and November 2021 were collected retrospectively. The patients were divided into a CIP group (n=41) and a non-CIP group (n=181) according to whether they developed CIP or not before the end of follow-up.

Effects of hemicellulose on intestinal mucosal barrier integrity, gut microbiota, and metabolomics in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background And Objective: Impaired gut barrier contributes to the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and the gut microbiota and metabolome play an important role in it. Hemicellulose, a potential prebiotics, how its supplementation impacted the glucose level, the impaired gut barrier, and the gut microbiota and metabolome in T2DM remained unclear.

Methods: In this study, some mice were arranged randomly into four groups: db/db mice fed by a compositionally defined diet (CDD), db/db mice fed by a CDD with 10% and 20% hemicellulose supplementation, and control mice fed by a CDD.

LncRNA DICER1-AS1 promotes colorectal cancer progression by activating the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway through sponging miR-650.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease with high morbidity and mortality rates globally. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a fundamental role in tumor progression, and increasing attention has been paid to their role in CRC. This study aimed to determine the function of lncRNA DICER1 antisense RNA 1 (DICER1-AS1) in CRC and confirm its potential regulatory mechanisms in CRC.

Taurine enhances the antitumor efficacy of PD-1 antibody by boosting CD8 T cell function.

The functional state of CD8 T cells determines the therapeutic efficacy of PD-1 blockade antibodies in tumors. Amino acids are key nutrients for maintaining T cell antitumor immunity. In this study, we used samples from lung cancer patients treated with PD-1 blockade antibodies to assay the amino acids in their serum by mass spectrometry.

The Association Between Bronchoscopy and the Prognoses of Patients With Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Intensive Care Units: A Retrospective Study Based on the MIMIC-IV Database.

In intensive care units (ICUs), the morbidity and mortality of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) are relatively high, and this condition also increases medical expenses for mechanically ventilated patients, which will seriously affect the prognoses of critically ill patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of bronchoscopy on the prognosis of patients with VAP undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). This was a retrospective study based on patients with VAP from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database.

Pancreatic-Like Cells Derived From Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Are Regulated by Pdx1 Involving the Notch Pathway.

Objectives: Embryonic stem cells (ESCs)-derived pancreatic precursor cells have great potential for pancreas repair. Expression of pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 (Pdx1) in definitive endoderm (DE) cells is the premise that DE cells differentiate into pancreatic cells. To achieve the required number of Pdx1-expressing DE cells for cell transplantation therapy, a valid model must be established.

Impaired intestinal barrier function in type 2 diabetic patients measured by serum LPS, Zonulin, and IFABP.

Introduction: The epithelial tight junctions of intestine were impaired in murine model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this work was to investigate the alteration of intestinal barrier in T2DM patients.

Methods: 90 patients with T2DM and 28 healthy controls were recruited.

ClC-3/SGK1 regulatory axis enhances the olaparib-induced antitumor effect in human stomach adenocarcinoma.

Currently, only a few available targeted drugs are considered to be effective in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) treatment. The PARP inhibitor olaparib is a molecularly targeted drug that continues to be investigated in BRCA-mutated tumors. However, in tumors without BRCA gene mutations, particularly in STAD, the effect and molecular mechanism of olaparib are unclear, which largely restricts the use of olaparib in STAD treatment.

Multi-channel surface plasmon resonance biosensor using prism-based wavelength interrogation.

A portable multi-channel surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor device using prism-based wavelength interrogation is presented. LEDs were adopted as a simple and inexpensive light source, providing a stable spectrum bandwidth for the SPR system. The parallel light was obtained by a collimated unit and illuminated on the sensing chip at a specific angle.

Type C Personality and Depression Among Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer Patients: The Mediating Role of Sense of Coherence.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the mediating role of sense of coherence in the relationship of type C personality and depression among newly diagnosed breast cancer patients.

Methods: A descriptive and correlational survey was conducted in 600 breast cancer patients aged ≥18 years from September 2018 to March 2019 in Zhengzhou, China. The demographic questionnaire, Cancer Behavior Scale, Sense of Coherence Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale were included in this study.

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii-derived microbial anti-inflammatory molecule regulates intestinal integrity in diabetes mellitus mice via modulating tight junction protein expression.

Background: Impaired intestinal barrier structure and function have been validated as an important pathogenic process in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Gut dysbiosis is thought to be the critical factor in diabetic intestinal pathogenesis. As the most abundant commensal bacteria, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (F.

Butyrate suppresses abnormal proliferation in colonic epithelial cells under diabetic state by targeting HMGB1.

Butyrate is widely accepted as a proliferation inhibitor in colon cancer but less thoroughly characterized in the colonic epithelium of objects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The present study investigated the regulatory effect of butyrate on proliferation, the related molecule high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in the colon of db/db type 2 diabetic model mice and non-cancerous NCM460 colon cells. Proliferation and the expression of HMGB1 and RAGE were increased and could be partially reversed by butyrate treatment in the colon of db/db mice, which were consistent in NCM460 cells under a high glucose state.

Polarization of granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells by hepatitis C core protein is mediated via IL-10/STAT3 signalling.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been described as suppressors of T-cell function in many malignancies. Impaired T-cell responses have been observed in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection (CHC), which is reportedly associated with the establishment of persistent HCV infection. Therefore, we hypothesized that MDSCs also play a role in chronic HCV infection.

Maelstrom Directs Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells to Promote Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression via Activation of the Akt1/RelA/IL8 Signaling Pathway.

() is a novel cancer/testis-associated gene, which is not only expressed in the male testicular germ cells among human normal tissues, but is also aberrantly expressed in various cancer tissues. In our study, was characterized as a tumor-promoting gene and was significantly associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) recurrence and unfavorable prognosis. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with high expression had a shorter survival time.

Docetaxel Down-Regulates PD-1 Expression via STAT3 in T Lymphocytes.

Background: Lung tumor is a major cause of cancer incidence and patient death. Chemotherapy is the primary therapy used to treat lung cancer. In addition to direct cytotoxic effect on tumor cells, chemotherapeutic drugs activate immune responses to exert antitumor function.