Outcomes and risk factors for cardiac surgery during pregnancy: a 13-year, two-centre, retrospective cohort study.

Background: Cardiac surgery during pregnancy is complex and has significant risks for mothers and infants. The clinical outcomes and risk factors for complications are largely unknown. This study aimed to analyse the outcomes of cardiac surgeries during pregnancy and to investigate the risk factors for maternal postoperative outcomes from the two largest referral centres for pregnant patients with complex cardiac disease in northern and southern China.

The effect and safety assessment of monitoring ethanol concentration in exhaled breath combined with intelligent control of renal pelvic pressure on the absorption of perfusion fluid during flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy.

Purpose: Previously, we designed a ureteral access sheath with the capability of renal pelvic pressure (RPP) measurement and a medical perfusion and aspiration platform, allowing for the intelligent control of RPP. However, the effect of different RPP levels on perfusion fluid absorption remains unclear. This randomized controlled trial aimed to investigate the effects of exhaled ethanol concentration monitoring and intelligent pressure control on perfusion fluid absorption during flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy.

Evaluating the effect of anti-nausea drugs in IDO enzyme gene expression and preventing postoperative vomiting and nausea in patients undergoing general anesthesia: A Meta-analysis.

Nausea and vomiting are known as side effects after surgery. Since serotonin antagonist drugs are widely used to prevent nausea and vomiting after surgery, the present study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of this group's drugs, namely, ondansetron and palonosetron. On the other hand, recent studies have shown that the metabolites of the kynurenine pathway in the Suppression of the immune response play a role.

Effects of administration of α adrenergic receptor agonist into psoas major muscle on inflammatory pain induced by injection of complete Freund's adjuvant in rats.

α adrenergic agonists are widely used in clinical anesthesia and ICU sedation owing to their effective sedative and analgesic effects. Lumbago and leg pain is the most common clinical pain disease. Studies have reported that lumbago and leg pain is associated with dysregulation of paravertebral muscles, especially psoas major muscles.

Comparing the pRIFLE, AKIN, KDIGO, and modified KDIGO criteria in neonates after cardiac surgery.

Background: While several standardized criteria for acute kidney injury (AKI) have been studied, there is no consensus on which criteria to use in neonates after cardiac surgery. The goal of this research was to compare the AKI incidence and outcomes according to the pediatric Risk, Injury, Failure and Loss, and End-Stage (pRIFLE), AKI Network (AKIN), Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO), and modified KDIGO (mKDIGO) criteria in neonates following congenital cardiac surgery.

Methods: A clinical database of all neonates undergoing congenital cardiac surgery admitted to the Cantonese cardiac center from 2014 to 2020 was retrospectively analyzed.

Revising ventricular septal defect residual shunts without aortic re-cross-clamping: a safe and effective surgical procedure.

Background: The conventional approach to revising a residual shunt following ventricular septal defect (VSD) closure is to re-occlude the aorta and repair the residual shunt under cardioplegic arrest. The present study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of a new approach for revising residual shunts following VSD repair without re-occluding the aorta. This approach is known as on beating heart surgery.

Effect of reactive oxygen species of the psoas major muscle in complete Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammatory pain in rats.

Lower limb pain is a common clinical disease that affects millions of people worldwide. It is found in previous studies that reactive oxygen species is closely related to neuropathic, cancer, chemotherapy, and inflammatory pain, which can be relieved by reactive oxygen species scavengers. Furthermore, acupuncture or electroacupuncture on the psoas major muscle has a great effect on adjuvant-induced arthritis and lower back pain.

Etiology and Risk Factors for Extubation Failure in Low Birth Weight Infants Undergoing Congenital Heart Surgery.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to explore the etiology and risk factors of extubation failure (ExF) in low birth weight (LBW) infants undergoing congenital heart surgery.

Design: Retrospective, comparative study.

Setting: A Cantonese cardiac center in China.

The protective effects of hydrogen sulfide on the myocardial ischemia via regulating Bmal1.

Background: To investigate the effect of hydrogen peroxide (HS) on myocardial clock gene Bmal1 in ischemic cardiomyocytes.

Materials & Methods: Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to detect the expression of Bmal1 at the mRNA level in H9C2 rat cardiomyocytes. The protein expressions of Bax and Bcl-2, PI3K/Akt, caspase-3 were measured by western blotting.

[Protective effect of dexmedetomidine against perioperative inflammation and on pulmonary function in patients undergoing radical resection of lung cancer].

Objective: To study the protective effect of dexmedetomidine against perioperative inflammation and on pulmonary function in patients undergoing radical resection of lung cancer.

Methods: From May, 2014 to May, 2016, 124 patients with lung cancer receiving radical surgeries were randomized into experimental group (n=62) and control group (n=62). The patients in the control group received a single anesthetic agent for anesthesia, and additional dexmedetomidine was given in the experimental group.

Pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma misdiagnosed as pulmonary embolism: A case report.

Intimal sarcoma of the pulmonary artery is rare, but false diagnosis of this sarcoma as pulmonary embolism is not infrequent. The present study reports a case of pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma misdiagnosed as pulmonary artery embolism in a 37-year-old female patient. The patient was admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit of Guangdong General Hospital (Guangzhou, China) with the complaint of progressive exertional dyspnea over the past two years.

Role of ERK1/2 activation on itch sensation induced by bradykinin B1 activation in inflamed skin.

It has previously been demonstrated that bradykinin receptor B1 (B1R) agonists evoke an itch-related scratching response in inflamed skin via the B1 receptor; however, the mechanisms responsible for this abnormal itch sensation remain unclear. Therefore, the present study utilized a complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced mouse model of inflammation to elucidate the mechanisms responsible. Over a period of 30 min, scratching behavior was quantified by the number of hind limb scratches of the area surrounding the drug injection site on the neck.

The effect of kinin B1 receptor on chronic itching sensitization.

Background: Altered kallikrein-related peptidase activity and bradykinin are associated with skin disorders in humans and mice under chronic inflammation conditions. The bradykinin B1 receptor (B1R), also known as one of the G-protein-coupled receptor family and usually absent in intact tissues and upregulated during tissue injury, is responsible for vasodilation, capillary permeability, nociceptor sensitization, and pain; it is indispensable for physiopathological progress in chronic inflammation conditions, but its roles and effectors in the itching sensation of the allergic contact dermatitis model are poorly defined.

Results: We focused on incurable itching in a diphenylcyclopropenone (DCP) chronic inflammation experimental model.

[Anesthetic management of low birth weight infants undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease without cardiopulmonary bypass].

Objective: To summarize anesthetic management of low birth weight infants undergoing surgical intervention of congenital heart disease without cardiopulmonary bypass.

Methods: Fifty-three low birth weight infants (including 49 premature infants) with congenital heart disease underwent surgical treatment without cardiopulmonary bypass during the period from June, 2003 to July, 2013. The mean gestational age of the infants was 30.

The kinin B1 receptor mediates alloknesis in a murine model of inflammation.

Noxious stimuli and non-noxious mechanical stimuli elicit itch (alloknesis) instead of pain on skin lesions of patients with atopic dermatitis. We previously found that bradykinin evokes an itch-related scratching response through activation of kinin B1 receptor in skin inflamed using complete Freund's adjuvant. In this study we investigated whether alloknesis is evoked in CFA-inflamed skin and the involvement of kinin receptors.

Paradoxic effects of propofol on visceral pain induced by various TRPV1 agonists.

Intraperitoneal injection of propofol inhibits subsequent acetic acid-induced writhing response in mice. Propofol increases the sensitivity of dorsal root ganglion neurons to capsaicin through transient receptor potential ankyrin subtype-1 (TRPA1) and protein kinase Cε (PKCε)-mediated phosphorylation of transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype-1 (TRPV1). Intraperitoneal co-injection of propofol may increase visceral nociception induced by TRPV1 agonists via sensitization of TRPV1.

Endothelin B receptors exert antipruritic effects via peripheral κ-opioid receptors.

Endothelin B receptor agonists exert antipruritic effects on itching induced via endothelin-1 (ET-1) and compound 48/80. Peripheral µ- and κ-opioid receptors (MORs and KORs, respectively) are reported to be involved in the anti-nociceptive properties triggered by ET(B) agonists. Therefore, we investigated the role of peripheral opioid receptors in the scratching response induced by ET-1.

Bradykinin-evoked scratching responses in complete Freund's adjuvant-inflamed skin through activation of B1 receptor.

Capsaicin, a potent algogen, induces an itch-related behavior in the presence of inflammation. In this study, we tested whether bradykinin (BK) can evoke a similar response and investigated the potential mechanisms involved in this process. Local inflammation was induced by intradermal injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the back of the neck, left hind foot or left cheek of male C57BL/6J mice.

Capsaicin induces reflex scratching in inflamed skin.

We investigated whether capsaicin induces itching in skin with existing inflammation. We induced skin inflammation by intradermal injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in the neck of mice. Four days later, we injected capsaicin in the same area and counted the number of scratching bouts for 30 min.

Role of transient receptor potential ankyrin subfamily member 1 in pruritus induced by endothelin-1.

Noxious cold reduces pruritus and transient receptor potential ankyrin subfamily member 1 (TRPA1), a non-selective cation channel, is known as a noxious cold-activated ion channel. Recent findings implicated the involvement of TRPA1 in pain induced by endothelin-1 (ET-1). Therefore, we evaluated its potential role in pruritus induced by ET-1.

Molecular signaling of pruritus induced by endothelin-1 in mice.

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) has recently been identified to evoke pruritus/itching sensation in both humans and animals. It is most likely that the signaling is through the specific G-protein-coupled ET(A) and ET(B) receptors, but the downstream signaling mediators for ET-1 remain elusive. In the present study, we examined the potential involvement of several distinct signaling molecules in ET-1-induced pruritus in a murine model.

Involvement of TRPA1 in ET-1-induced pain-like behavior in mice.

Transient receptor potential ankyrin subfamily member 1 (TRPA1) is a nonselective cation channel known as a noxious cold-activated ion channel. Recent findings implicated its involvement in acute and chronic cold nociception processes. Here, we investigated whether TRPA1 is involved in endothelin-1 (ET-1)-induced spontaneous pain-like behavior in C57BL/6J mice.

[Role of vanilloid receptors in thermal hyperalgesia induced by intraplantar endothelin-1 administration].

Objective: To assess the role of vanilloid receptor (VR) in thermal hyperalgesia induced by intraplantar endothelin-1 (ET-1) injection.

Methods: VR gene-knockout mice (KO group) and wild type C57BL/6J mice (WT group) in 3 subgroups were subjected to intraplantar administration of ET-1 at the doses of 3, 10, 30 and 100 pmol (dissolved in 10 microl of PBS, pH 7.4, n=6 in each group), respectively.