Coil or Plug-Assisted Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol Copolymer (EVOH) Thoracic Duct Embolization in the Treatment of Postoperative Chylothorax.

Eleven patients (5 men, 6 women) with post-operative thoracic duct injuries and high output chylothorax were treated with thoracic duct embolization (TDE). Six patients underwent intraprocedural thoracic duct ligation at the time of original procedure. In all cases, the pleural fluid demonstrated high triglyceride levels (414 mg/dL; interquartile range [IQR], 345 mg/dL).

Operator radiation exposure during radioembolisation of the liver: transfemoral versus transradial access using real-time dose monitoring.

In this study, operator radiation exposure is compared utilising transradial access (TRA) versus transfemoral access (TFA) during transarterial radioembolisation (TARE) of liver tumors. Patients who underwent Y90 TARE between May 2017 and April 2018 were included. Electronic medical records and interventional data were collected and the following parameters evaluated: technical success, fluoroscopy time, operator radiation exposure and rate of operator radiation exposure per fluoroscopy time.

Performance of a Flexible 12-Channel Head Coil in Comparison to Commercial 16- And 24-Channel Rigid Head Coils.

Purpose: To compare the performance of a 12-channel flexible head coil (HFC12) with commercial 16-channel (HRC16) and 24-channel (HRC24) rigid coils.

Methods: The phantom study was performed on a 1.5 T MR scanner with HFC12, HRC16, and HRC24.

Pulmonary cryptococcosis coexisting with central type lung cancer in an immuocompetent patient: a case report and literature review.

Background: Pulmonary Cryptococcosis is a common fungal infection mainly caused by Cryptococcus neoformans/C.gattii species in immunocompromised patients. Cases of pulmonary cryptococcosis in patients with normal immune function are increasingly common in China.

Adnexal mass staging CT with a disease-specific structured report compared to simple structured report.

Objectives: To assess a disease-specific structured report (dsSR) for CT staging of ovarian malignancy compared to a simple structured report (sSR).

Methods: This is a HIPAA-compliant, IRB-approved study with waiver of informed consent. An adnexal mass-specific structured reporting CT template was developed in collaboration between gynecologic oncologists and diagnostic radiologists.

Asymptomatic Endometrial Thickening of 8 mm or Greater on Postcontrast Computed Tomography in Postmenopausal Women Is a Predictor of Endometrial Cancer.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the value of opportunistic endometrial thickness measurement on postcontrast computed tomography (CT) as a predictor of endometrial cancer in asymptomatic postmenopausal women.

Methods: For this Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant, institutional review board-approved retrospective study with waiver of informed consent, our institution's tumor board database was searched for postmenopausal patients, diagnosed with endometrial cancer between August 2003 and December 2016 and who had a postcontrast pelvic CT within 12 months prior to the cancer diagnosis (while they were asymptomatic)-"cancer group." Same number of age-matched patients who had postcontrast pelvic CT constituted the noncancer control group.

Opportunistic Bone Density Measurement on Abdomen and Pelvis Computed Tomography to Predict Fracture Risk in Women Aged 50 to 64 Years Without Osteoporosis Risk Factors.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate opportunistic vertebral bone density measurement in abdominal and pelvic computed tomography (CT) to predict future osteoporotic fracture in women aged 50 to 64 years without known osteoporosis risk factors.

Methods: Consecutive female patients 50 to 64 years old without osteoporosis risk factors with 2 CT examinations more than 10 years apart were included. Vertebral height and bone density in each vertebra from T10 to L5 were measured.

Radiologists' Experience With Patient Interactions in the Era of Open Access of Patients to Radiology Reports.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate radiologists' experiences with patient interactions in the era of open access of patients to radiology reports.

Methods: This prospective, nonrandom survey of staff and trainee radiologists (n = 128) at a single large academic institution was performed with approval from the institutional review board with a waiver of the requirement to obtain informed consent. A multiple-choice questionnaire with optional free-text comments was constructed with an online secure platform (REDCap) and distributed via departmental e-mail between June 1 and July 31, 2016.

Structured vs narrative reporting of pelvic MRI for fibroids: clarity and impact on treatment planning.

Objectives: To evaluate clarity and usefulness of MRI reporting of uterine fibroids using a structured disease-specific template vs. narrative reporting for planning of fibroid treatment by gynaecologists and interventional radiologists.

Methods: This is a HIPAA-compliant, IRB-approved study with waiver of informed consent.

Split-bolus pancreas CTA protocol for local staging of pancreatic cancer and detection and characterization of liver lesions.

Purpose: To validate the use of a split-bolus pancreas CTA protocol for local staging of pancreatic cancer and to evaluate its ability to detect and characterize liver lesions.

Methods: Consecutive patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent split-bolus pancreas CTA between 12/2015 and 12/2016 were included in this IRB-approved HIPAA-compliant retrospective study. Objective evaluation of the abdominal vessels, the pancreas, the liver, and lesions, if present, was performed with attenuation measurements and tumor conspicuity and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) calculations.

Ovarian Cancer: Prevalence in Incidental Simple Adnexal Cysts Initially Identified in CT Examinations of the Abdomen and Pelvis.

Purpose To evaluate the rate of malignancy in incidentally detected simple adnexal cysts at computed tomography (CT) to determine if simple-appearing cysts require follow-up. Materials and Methods In this HIPAA-compliant, institutional review board-approved retrospective cohort study, an institutional database was searched for abdominal and pelvic CT studies performed between June 2003 and December 2010 in women reported to have adnexal cysts. Adnexal cyst characterization was determined by prospective report description as well as image review by a research fellow and by a fellowship-trained abdominal radiologist for examinations with disagreement between the original report and the research fellow's assessment.

Split-Bolus Injection Producing Simultaneous Late Arterial and Portal Venous Phases in CT Enterography: Preliminary Results.

Objective: The purpose of this article is to evaluate the image quality and added value of split-bolus contrast agent injection combining late arterial and portal venous phases compared with single-bolus contrast agent injection late arterial phase CT enterography.

Materials And Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent CT enterography before and after implementation of a single-bolus CT enterography protocol were included. Attenuation and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were assessed by ROI measurements of the bowel wall and arterial and venous structures.

What Is the Optimal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Sac Measurement on CT Images during Follow-up after Endovascular Repair?

Purpose To develop a computed tomographic (CT) angiographic postprocessing protocol with two- and three-dimensional measurements for follow-up of patients who underwent endovascular aortic repair. Materials and Methods This HIPAA-compliant institutional review board-approved retrospective study included 159 patients (129 men, 30 women; mean age ± standard deviation, 74.9 years ± 8.

Thirty-day emergency room visits and hospital admissions after outpatient non-vascular image-guided procedures.

Purpose: To evaluate the rate of post-procedure emergency department (ED) visits and hospital admissions following outpatient non-vascular image-guided interventions performed under moderate sedation and to identify common and preventable causes of emergency department visits and hospital admissions.

Materials And Methods: Institutional review board approval was acquired for this HIPAA-compliant retrospective study with waiver of informed consent. 1426 consecutive patients undergoing 1512 outpatient image-guided procedures under moderate sedation from November 2012 to August 2014 were included.

Metal implants on CT: comparison of iterative reconstruction algorithms for reduction of metal artifacts with single energy and spectral CT scanning in a phantom model.

Purpose: To assess single energy metal artifact reduction (SEMAR) and spectral energy metal artifact reduction (MARS) algorithms in reducing artifacts generated by different metal implants.

Materials And Method: Phantom was scanned with and without SEMAR (Aquilion One, Toshiba) and MARS (Discovery CT750 HD, GE), with various metal implants. Images were evaluated objectively by measuring standard deviation in regions of interests and subjectively by two independent reviewers grading on a scale of 0 (no artifact) to 4 (severe artifact).

Electronic Kiosks for Patient Satisfaction Survey in Radiology.

Objective: The purpose of this article is to analyze patient satisfaction surveys obtained via electronic kiosks in a tertiary-care academic radiology department to detect potential areas of improvement and to identify ways to improve survey response and completion rates.

Materials And Methods: All patient satisfaction surveys submitted via electronic kiosks and via online surveys between January 2015 and January 2016 were included in this retrospective study. The surveys consisted of questions regarding the patients' overall experience, cleanliness of the department, and interactions with the receptionist, technologist, nurse, and physician.

Dual energy CT angiography: pros and cons of dual-energy metal artifact reduction algorithm in patients after endovascular aortic repair.

Purpose: To evaluate the value of metal artifact reduction (MAR) post-processing and iodine MD images in fast kV-switching dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) in patients after endovascular aortic repair (EVAR).

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four consecutive EVAR patients (age 76 ± 9 years, 7/24 (29%) with coils, 9/24 (37.5%) with 10 endoleaks) who underwent DECT angiography were included in this HIPAA-compliant, IRB-approved retrospective study.

Array-optimized composite pulse for excellent whole-brain homogeneity in high-field MRI.

A number of methods to improve excitation homogeneity in high-field MRI have been proposed, and some of these methods rely on separate control of radiofrequency (RF) coils in a transmit array. In this work we combine accurate RF field calculations and the Bloch equation to demonstrate that by using a sequence of pulses with individually optimized current distributions (i.e.