Publications by authors named "Jieli Lu"
Previous studies suggested that fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and branched short-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) are associated with glucose regulation. However, the potential relationship between circulating SCFAs and BCFAs with incident diabetes risk in both men and women remains unidentified in prospective cohort studies. In this study, we examined a panel of nine serum SCFAs and BCFAs in 3414 subjects with incident diabetes, and matched normoglycemic controls from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmTORC1/2 play central roles as signaling hubs of cell growth and metabolism and are therapeutic targets for several diseases. However, the human genetic evidence linking mutations of mTORC1/2 to obesity remains elusive. Using whole-exome sequencing of 1,944 cases with severe obesity and 2,161 healthy lean controls, we identify a rare RICTOR p.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: To determine the impact of body roundness index (BRI) on the 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in Chinese adults.
Materials And Methods: We utilized data from a nationwide prospective cohort of 165 785 Chinese adults (aged ≥40 years, free of CVD and cancer at baseline), which was extracted from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C). Cox regression and restricted cubic splines quantified BRI-outcome associations and identified optimal BRI cutoffs.
Background: COVID-19 continues to show long-term impacts on our health. Limited effective immune-mediated antiviral drugs have been launched.
Methods: We conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) and colocalization analysis using 26,597 single-cell expression quantitative trait loci (sc-eQTL) to proxy effects of expressions of 16,597 genes in 14 peripheral blood immune cells and tested them against four COVID-19 outcomes from COVID-19 Genetic Housing Initiative GWAS meta-analysis Round 7.
Understanding sex disparities in modifiable risk factors across the lifespan is essential for crafting individualized intervention strategies. We aim to investigate age-related sex disparity in cardiometabolic phenotypes in a large nationwide Chinese cohort. A total of 254,670 adults aged 40 years or older were selected from a population-based cohort in China.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: To compare the probability of achieving diabetes remission in individuals with different phenotypes of insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, and beta cell function and further detect the effects of diet, exercise, and lifestyle education intervention on these indexes.
Methods: Three-hundred and one participants who had glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) data at baseline and after intervention were included for this post hoc analysis. We used the multi-way analysis of variance to assess the differences between the diabetes remission and non-remission groups or between intervention groups in changes of the indexes of insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, and beta cell function.
Aim: To explore the holistic impact of socioeconomic and mental health inequalities on the global burden of type 2 diabetes.
Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study used data on the incidence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and mortality of type 2 diabetes as well as DALYs attributable to risk factors during 1990-2021 from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Average annual percent change (AAPC) was applied to assess the temporal trends from 1990 to 2021.
Aim: We aimed to identify the characteristics of patients with diabetes who can derive cognitive benefits from intensive blood pressure (BP) treatment using machine learning methods.
Materials And Methods: Using data from the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Memory in Diabetes (ACCORD-MIND) study, 1349 patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent BP treatment (intensive treatment targeting a systolic BP <120 mmHg vs. standard treatment targeting <140 mmHg) were included in the machine learning analysis.
This study aimed to comprehensively examine the association of gallstones, cholecystectomy, and cancer risk. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to estimate the observational associations of gallstones and cholecystectomy with cancer risk, using data from a nationwide cohort involving 239 799 participants. General and gender-specific two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was further conducted to assess the causalities of the observed associations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Delineating the shared genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes with muscle mass and function and frailty is essential for unraveling the common etiology and developing holistic therapeutic strategies for these co-existing conditions.
Methods: In this genome-wide pleiotropic association study, we performed multi-level pairwise trait pleiotropic analyses using genome-wide association study summary statistics from up to 461,026 European ancestry individuals to dissect the shared genetic factors and causal relationships of type 2 diabetes and seven glycemic traits with four muscle mass- and function-related phenotypes and the frailty index.
Results: We first identified 27 pairs with significant genetic correlations through the linkage disequilibrium score regression and high-definition likelihood analysis.
Sex Difference and Socioeconomic Inequity in Chinese People With Hypertension: National Cross-Sectional Survey Study.
JMIR Public Health Surveill
November 2024
Background: Sex differences in blood pressure (BP) levels and hypertension are important and the role of socioeconomic status (SES) in sex differences in hypertension remains unclear.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of SES on sex differences of hypertension in a nationally representative survey study.
Methods: A total of 98,658 participants aged ≥18 years who have lived in their current residence for ≥6 months were recruited from 162 study sites across mainland China.
During the past 40 years, the prevalence of diabetes in China has increased from less than 1·0% in 1980 to 12·4% in 2018, an increase in line with the rapid growth of the nation's economy. To address such a burden, the Healthy China 2030 initiative and subsequent Action Plan, including a diabetes prevention and control campaign, were launched. A shift from a disease-centred approach to a health-centred approach and from treatment to prevention is the core of the Action Plan and diabetes management in China.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe prevalence of diabetes in China is rapidly increasing. China now has the largest number of people living with diabetes worldwide, accounting for approximately one-quarter of the global diabetes population. Since the late 1970s, China has experienced profound changes and rapid economic growth, leading to shifts in lifestyle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- A study was conducted to find out the best systolic blood pressure targets for patients over 50 with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk, comparing intensive treatment (target <120 mm Hg) to standard treatment (target <140 mm Hg) over 5 years.
- Out of 12,821 patients, the intensive treatment group had a lower average systolic blood pressure after one year (121.6 mm Hg) compared to the standard group (133.2 mm Hg), resulting in significantly fewer major cardiovascular events.
- Despite the lower overall events in the intensive group, there were more cases of symptomatic hypotension and hyperkalemia, but the rates of serious adverse events were similar in both groups.
Article Synopsis
- The study explores how immune responses can impact drug development for cardiometabolic diseases like type 2 diabetes (T2D) and coronary artery disease (CAD) by examining gene expression during T cell activation.
- Findings revealed specific genes connected to increased risks of T2D and CAD, with a significant portion showing a particular role tied to CD4 T cells.
- Additionally, the research identified genes that are potential drug targets currently being investigated, highlighting the importance of immune responses in addressing these diseases.
underline the importance of tackling social determinants and associated inequity in prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases
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- A new definition of cardiovascular health (CVH) was created to assess heart health more effectively, particularly in patients with high blood sugar (hyperglycemia).
- In a study of 5,225 participants, those with lower CVH scores were at a higher risk for subclinical atherosclerosis, a condition that can lead to heart problems.
- Improvements in CVH over time were linked to lower risks of subclinical atherosclerosis, suggesting that enhancing heart health metrics can mitigate risks associated with hyperglycemia.
Article Synopsis
- * Mice lacking the BCKDK enzyme in the liver showed normal blood sugar levels but had reduced glucose production and key gluconeogenic enzyme expression, while those lacking BCKDHA did not show these abnormalities.
- * BT2 treatment inhibited BCKDK and reduced glucose production in liver cells, suggesting that BCKDK influences glucose production through specific proteins (CREB and FOXO1) without relying on BCKDHA's role in BCAA breakdown.
Article Synopsis
- The study explores the link between socioeconomic status (SES) and cognitive dysfunction, emphasizing that low SES increases the risk of dementia compared to high SES.
- Data from two major studies (HRS and ELSA) involving thousands of older adults were analyzed to determine the relationship between SES, healthy lifestyle choices, and cognitive decline.
- Findings indicate that while low SES is associated with a significantly higher risk of dementia, unhealthy lifestyle factors only played a minor role in explaining the disparities in dementia risk between different SES groups.
Article Synopsis
- Observational studies suggest that SGLT2 inhibitors may contribute to healthier aging, but their specific effects on brain-related traits are unclear.
- Using Mendelian randomization, the researchers examined how SGLT2 inhibition impacts chronological age, biological age, and cognitive abilities, with brain imaging-derived phenotypes acting as potential mediators.
- Results indicate that SGLT2 inhibition is linked to increased father’s longevity, better cognitive function, and higher intelligence, with certain brain imaging traits identified as mediators in these relationships.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines how education impacts the prevalence of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome in middle-aged and older Chinese individuals, highlighting significant gender differences.
- Using data from a large population-based study, researchers found that low educational attainment increased the likelihood of moderate and high CKM syndrome, particularly among women.
- Results suggest that poor health behaviors, influenced by education, significantly affect CKM syndrome risks, emphasizing the need for interventions that address social determinants of health.
Article Synopsis
- - The study assessed how SGLT2 inhibitors impact the risk of prostate cancer, revealing that genetic evidence suggests these inhibitors can significantly lower overall, advanced, and early-onset prostate cancer risk (odds ratio = 0.56).
- - Analysis of electronic healthcare data showed that SGLT2 inhibitors are linked to a 23% reduced risk of prostate cancer in men with diabetes (hazard ratio = 0.77).
- - The research concludes that there is substantial evidence supporting the protective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors against prostate cancer, suggesting that further trials are needed to explore their potential for cancer prevention.
Article Synopsis
- Fish oil, rich in omega-3 fatty acids DHA and EPA, was tested for its impact on triglyceride levels and gut microbiota in patients with type 2 diabetes and high triglycerides through a 12-week study involving 309 participants.
- The results showed that fish oil significantly reduced triglycerides more than corn oil and altered the serum lipid profile, with specific lipid metabolites mediating the relationship between gut microbiota and triglyceride reduction.
- The study highlights the importance of individual gut microbiota characteristics in determining how effective fish oil is in lowering triglycerides, emphasizing personalized approaches for diabetes treatment.
Article Synopsis
- Scientists studied how things like education, lifestyle, and health can affect death rates in older adults in China.
- They found that 17 factors were linked to a lot of the deaths, showing that low education and high blood pressure were some of the biggest reasons people died from different causes.
- The study suggested that understanding these risks can help create better health programs to keep people healthier and reduce deaths in China.