Optogenetics and chemogenetics: key tools for modulating neural circuits in rodent models of depression.

Optogenetics and chemogenetics are emerging neuromodulation techniques that have attracted significant attention in recent years. These techniques enable the precise control of specific neuronal types and neural circuits, allowing researchers to investigate the cellular mechanisms underlying depression. The advancement in these techniques has significantly contributed to the understanding of the neural circuits involved in depression; when combined with other emerging technologies, they provide novel therapeutic targets and diagnostic tools for the clinical treatment of depression.

Oil-Resistant and Wood-Inspired Superhydrophilic Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Aerogel with Vertically Aligned Channels for Effective Solar Interfacial Desalination and Wastewater Treatment.

Environmental pollution and sewage surges necessitate effective water purification methods. Solar interfacial evaporation offers a promising solution, which needs advancements in salt resistance, efficiency, and stability. Herein, inspired by the structure of wood, the unidirectional freeze-drying method was used to develop the vertically aligned channels and antioil-fouling poly(vinyl alcohol)-CNTs-waste carton fiber@polydopamine (PVA-CNTs-WCF@PDA) aerogel for desalination and wastewater treatment.

Mortality in a cohort of WTC-exposed law-enforcement officers compared to non-WTC law-enforcement officers.

Purpose: World Trade Center (WTC) rescue/recovery workers were exposed to materials hazardous to health. Previous studies found lower than expected mortality among WTC rescue/recovery workers when compared to general populations, possibly due to healthy worker effects, better healthcare access and/or incomparability of the groups. We compared mortality rates in WTC-exposed law enforcement officers (LEOs) with rates in LEOs employed by the Buffalo, NY, Police Department.

Importance of reference group selection in the evaluation of cancer incidence.

Elevated cancer incidence has been reported among World Trade Center (WTC)-exposed responders, with some incidence rate ratios (IRRs) varying over time. This study describes the influence that different reference populations have on relative cancer incidence and temporal trends. Participants from the WTC Combined Rescue/Recovery Cohort (n = 65,691) were observed between 1/1/2002 and 12/31/2015 using data obtained from 13 state cancer registries.

LGALS9B stabilizes EEF1D protein and activates the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to promote gastric cancer occurrence and metastasis.

Gastric cancer ranks among the most prevalent malignancies globally, characterized by limited treatment efficacy and high recurrence rates. Effective management of this disease requires a comprehensive understanding of its underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Galectins have emerged as promising targets in gastric cancer therapy, with Galectin-9 (LGALS9) receiving considerable attention in recent years.

Superhydrophilic and Underwater Superaerophobic Dual-Function Peony-Shaped Selenide Micro-nano Array Self-Supported Electrodes for High-Efficiency Overall Water Splitting Driven by Renewable Energy.

With the intensification of global environmental pollution and resource scarcity, hydrogen has garnered significant attention as an ideal alternative to fossil fuels due to its high energy density and nonpolluting nature. Consequently, the urgent development of electrocatalytic water-splitting electrodes for hydrogen production is imperative. In this study, a superwetting selenide catalytic electrode with a peony-flower-shaped micronano array (MoS/CoFeSe/NiSe/nickel foam (NF)) was synthesized on NF via a two-step hydrothermal method.

Racial and ethnic disparities in mortality among World Trade Center Health Registry enrollees with post-9/11 cancer.

Introduction: There are well-documented racial and ethnic disparities in mortality after cancer in the general population, but less is known about whether disparities also exist in disaster-exposed populations.

Methods: We conducted a longitudinal cohort study of 4341 enrollees in the World Trade Center Health Registry (WTCHR) with a first-ever primary invasive cancer diagnosis after 9/11/2001 and followed through 2020. We examined associations of race and ethnicity with all-cause mortality risk and cause-specific mortality risk using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models and Fine and Gray's proportional sub-distribution hazards models, respectively.

Exosomal MicroRNAs modulate the cognitive function in fasudil treated APPswe/PSEN1dE9 transgenic (APP/PS1) mice model of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive decline stemming from the accumulation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and the propagation of tau pathology through synapses. Exosomes, crucial mediators in neuronal development, maintenance, and intercellular communication, have gained attention in AD research. Yet, the molecular mechanisms involving exosomal miRNAs in AD remain elusive.

Highly Moisture-Resistant Flexible Thin-Film-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Environmental Energy Harvesting and Self-Powered Tactile Sensing.

Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has been demonstrated as a sustainable energy utilization method for waste mechanical energy and self-powered system. However, the charge dissipation of frictional layer materials in a humid environment severely limits their stable energy supply. In this work, a new method is reported for preparing polymer film as a hydrophobic negative friction material by solution blending poly(vinylidene fluoride--hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), doping with titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles, and further surface patterning modification.

Hydrophobic TPU/CNTs-ILs Ionogel as a Reliable Multimode and Flexible Wearable Sensor for Motion Monitoring, Information Transfer, and Underwater Sensing.

Ionogel-based sensors have gained widespread attention in recent years due to their excellent flexibility, biocompatibility, and multifunctionality. However, the adaptation of ionogel-based sensors in extreme environments (such as humid, acidic, alkaline, and salt environments) has rarely been studied. Here, thermoplastic polyurethane/carbon nanotubes-ionic liquids (TPU/CNTs-ILs) ionogels with a complementary sandpaper morphology on the surface were prepared by a solution-casting method with a simple sandpaper as the template, and the hydrophobic flexible TPU/CNTs-ILs ionogel-based sensor was obtained by modification using nanoparticles modified with cetyltrimethoxysilane.

Colorectal cancer screening: results from the World Trade Center Health Registry cohort.

Purpose: Little is known about colorectal cancer screening in 9/11 World Trade Center (WTC)-exposed populations. We utilized survey data from the WTC Health Registry (WTCHR) to examine associations between enrollees' characteristics and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening.

Methods: We studied 22,061 enrollees aged 50-75 who completed the WTCHR follow-up survey in 2015-2016.

Improving the efficacy and safety of concurrent chemoradiotherapy by neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a randomized controlled study of locally advanced cervical cancer with a large tumor.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (NACT+CCRT) vs. concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) patients with large tumor masses.

Methods: LACC patients with localized tumor diameter >4 cm, were randomly allocated in an unblinded 1:1 ratio to NACT+CCRT or CCRT groups.

One-Stage Detection without Segmentation for Multi-Type Coronary Lesions in Angiography Images Using Deep Learning.

It is rare to use the one-stage model without segmentation for the automatic detection of coronary lesions. This study sequentially enrolled 200 patients with significant stenoses and occlusions of the right coronary and categorized their angiography images into two angle views: The CRA (cranial) view of 98 patients with 2453 images and the LAO (left anterior oblique) view of 176 patients with 3338 images. Randomization was performed at the patient level to the training set and test set using a 7:3 ratio.

Cancer incidence in World Trade Center rescue and recovery workers by race and ethnicity.

Introduction: It is unclear whether differences in health outcomes by racial and ethnic groups among World Trade Center (WTC) rescue and recovery workers reflect those of the population of New York State (NYS) or show distinct patterns. We assessed cancer incidence in WTC workers by self-reported race and ethnicity, and compared it to population figures for NYS.

Methods: A total of 61,031 WTC workers enrolled between September 11, 2001 and January 10, 2012 were followed to December 31, 2015.

Post-traumatic stress disorder and risk of first-time and repeated opioid-related hospitalizations among World Trade Center Health Registry enrollees.

In 2021, and average of 220 deaths from opioid-related overdoses occurred daily in the US. Recent evidence suggests there is an association between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and increased opioid misuse, while little is known about opioid-related hospitalizations. This study used data from the World Trade Center Health Registry (WTCHR), a longitudinal cohort consisting of individuals directly exposed to the September 11th terrorist attacks with a high prevalence of resulting PTSD (3.

Humidity-Resistant, Conductive Fabric-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Efficient Energy Harvesting and Human-Machine Interaction Sensing.

With the rapid development of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), the exploration of self-powered, flexible, and wearable electronic devices has attracted widespread attention. However, the choice of tribomaterials and high humidity environment have a significant impact on the triboelectricity of TENG. Therefore, we prepared a composite fabric (HPC) with superhydrophobic and conductive properties, which was used simultaneously as a tribopositive material and electrode for the construction of promising wearable TENGs.

Long-term care status for the elderly with different levels of physical ability: a cross-sectional survey in first-tier cities of China.

Background: Long term care (LTC) services for functionally impaired senior citizens are crucial for addressing the challenges of aging. However, research on eligibility criteria and coverage of LTC in China is lacking. Our objective is to assess the current status of LTC and explore eligibility criteria and coverage for the elderly.

Cytosporones W and X: Two Mutually Converting Epimers from a Mangrove Endophytic Fungus sp. ZJHJYZ-1.

Two new octaketides, cytosporones W () and X (), along with eight known cytosporone derivatives [(±)-], were isolated from mangrove endophytic fungus sp. ZJHJYZ-1. Compounds and were a pair of epimers, whose configuration of C-1 could mutually convert, causing racemization of the lactone ring.

Association of Rheumatoid Arthritis with Opioid Pain Medication Overuse among Persons Exposed to the 9/11 World Trade Center Disaster.

We examined the association of post-9/11 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) diagnosis with opioid pain medication overuse among enrollees in the World Trade Center Health Registry (WTCHR). Opioid overuse was defined as the self-reported intake of prescribed opioids at a higher dosage or more often than directed in the last 12 months on one of the two most recent WTCHR surveys (2015-2016, 2020-2021). Post-9/11 RA was ascertained through self-reports and subsequently validated following medical record release by the enrollees' physicians or medical records review.

A 15-year follow-up study of mortality in a pooled cohort of World Trade Center rescue and recovery workers.

Introduction: Hazardous exposures from the World Trade Center (WTC) terrorist attacks have been linked to increased incidence of adverse health conditions, often associated with increased mortality. We assessed mortality in a pooled cohort of WTC rescue/recovery workers over 15 years of follow-up.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed mortality through 2016 in a pooled and deduplicated cohort of WTC rescue/recovery workers from three WTC-exposed cohorts (N = 60,631): the Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY); the WTC Health Registry (WTCHR); and the General Responder Cohort (GRC).

Reliability of Longshi scale with remote assessment of smartphone video calls for stroke patients' activities of daily living.

Objectives: The impairment of activities of daily living (ADL) has brought a heavy burden to the life of patients after stroke. Timely and accurate assessment of patients' activities of daily living is very necessary, which determines the whole process of diagnosis, rehabilitation and prognosis of patients. However, the patients with limited mobility or transportation are difficulted to gain high quality assessment services.

COVID-19-Specific Mortality among World Trade Center Health Registry Enrollees Who Resided in New York City.

We examined the all-cause and COVID-19-specific mortality among World Trade Center Health Registry (WTCHR) enrollees. We also examined the socioeconomic factors associated with COVID-19-specific death. Mortality data from the NYC Bureau of Vital Statistics between 2015-2020 were linked to the WTCHR.

MAEF-Net: Multi-attention efficient feature fusion network for left ventricular segmentation and quantitative analysis in two-dimensional echocardiography.

The segmentation of cardiac chambers and the quantification of clinical functional metrics in dynamic echocardiography are the keys to the clinical diagnosis of heart disease. Identifying the end-diastolic frames (EDFs) and end-systolic frames (ESFs) and manually segmenting the left ventricle in the echocardiographic cardiac cycle before obtaining the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is a time-consuming and tedious task for clinicians. In this work, we proposed a deep learning-based fully automated echocardiographic analysis method.