Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals the Genetic Basis of Crude Fiber Components in Shoots at Stem Elongation Stage.

is currently the principal field crop for producing materials for primary, secondary and tertiary industries. shoots at stem elongation stage are rich in anthocyanins, vitamin C and mineral elements such as selenium, calcium and zinc, and represent a new type of green vegetable. However, the high crude fiber (CF) content of shoots affects their taste, and few studies have focused on the quality traits of these vegetables.

Comparative genome-wide analysis of circular RNAs in Brassica napus L.: target-site versus non-target-site resistance to herbicide stress.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a class of non-coding RNA molecules, are recognized for their unique functions; however, their responses to herbicide stress in Brassica napus remain unclear. In this study, the role of circRNAs in response to herbicide treatment was investigated in two rapeseed cultivars: MH33, which confers non-target-site resistance (NTSR), and EM28, which exhibits target-site resistance (TSR). The genome-wide circRNA profiles of herbicide-stressed and non-stressed seedlings were analyzed.

Homoeologous exchanges contribute to branch angle variations in rapeseed: Insights from transcriptome, QTL-seq and gene functional analysis.

Branch angle (BA) is a critical morphological trait that significantly influences planting density, light interception and ultimately yield in plants. Despite its importance, the regulatory mechanism governing BA in rapeseed remains poorly understood. In this study, we generated 109 transcriptome data sets for 37 rapeseed accessions with divergent BA phenotypes.

Optimal Energy Shaping Control for a Backdrivable Hip Exoskeleton.

Task-dependent controllers widely used in exoskeletons track predefined trajectories, which overly constrain the volitional motion of individuals with remnant voluntary mobility. Energy shaping, on the other hand, provides task-invariant assistance by altering the human body's dynamic characteristics in the closed loop. While human-exoskeleton systems are often modeled using Euler-Lagrange equations, in our previous work we modeled the system as a port-controlled-Hamiltonian system, and a task-invariant controller was designed for a knee-ankle exoskeleton using interconnection-damping assignment passivity-based control.

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Basis of in Response to Aphid Stress.

Rapeseed is a globally important economic crop that can be severely impacted by aphids. However, our understanding of rapeseed resistance to aphid stress is very limited. In this study, we analyzed the resistance characteristics of the low aphid-susceptible variety APL01 and the highly aphid-susceptible variety Holly in response to aphid stress.

Comparative proteomic and physiological analyses reveal tribenuron-methyl phytotoxicity and nontarget-site resistance mechanisms in Brassica napus.

The application of herbicides is the most effective strategy for weed control and the development of herbicide-resistant crops will facilitate the weed management. The acetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicide, tribenuron-methyl (TBM), is broadly used for weed control. However, its application in rapeseed field is restricted since rapeseed is sensitive to TBM.

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Brassica Yellows Virus Causing Aberrant Color Symptoms in Oilseed Rape.

The emergence of brassica yellow virus (BrYV) has increasingly damaged crucifer crops in China in recent years. In 2020, a large number of oilseed rape in Jiangsu showed aberrant leaf color. A combined RNA-seq and RT-PCR analysis identified BrYV as the major viral pathogen.

Genetic Dissection and Germplasm Selection of the Low Crude Fiber Component in L. Shoots.

Background: is one of the most important oil crops in the world, and shoots are nutrient-rich fresh vegetables. The crude fiber (CF) component is one of the most important factors affecting the taste quality of shoots, but the factors underlying the desirable low-CF trait remain poorly understood.

Methods: In this study, a high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) map was used to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for five CF-related traits in a recombinant inbred population.

Pathogen-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Emerging Mediators of Plant-Microbe Interactions.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-enclosed nanoparticles that deliver bioactive proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and other small molecules from donor to recipient cells. They have attracted significant interest recently due to their important roles in regulating plant-microbe interaction. During microbial infection, plant EVs play a prominent role in defense by delivering small regulatory RNA into pathogens, resulting in the silencing of pathogen virulence genes.

Ammonia borane positively regulates cold tolerance in Brassica napus via hydrogen sulfide signaling.

Background: Cold stress adversely influences rapeseeds (Brassica napus L.) growth and yield during winter and spring seasons. Hydrogen (H) is a potential gasotransmitter that is used to enhance tolerance against abiotic stress, including cold stress.

Tailoring the Dispersion of Metals on ZnO with Preadsorbed Water.

The dispersity of metal particles over oxide surfaces is generally critical for the applications of the metal/oxide hybridized systems. In this work, we have experimentally investigated the hydration effect of preadsorbed water species over the Cu and Pd particles deposited on the ZnO(10-10) surface. Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), we clearly saw that both Cu and Pd grow as three-dimensional particles on the clean ZnO(10-10) surface but disperse into single atoms and few-atom clusters on the water-covered surfaces.

Fine Mapping and Candidate Gene Analysis of , a Recessive Gene Responsible for Sepal-Specific Chlorophyll-Deficiency in L.

Chloroplast development is crucial for photosynthesis and plant growth and many factors are involved in its regulation. The regulatory mechanism differs in different green tissues, and previous studies have focused on chloroplasts in leaves. In this study, a mutant with sepal-specific chlorophyll-deficiency was observed in and named as df74.

Fine Mapping and Characterization of a Major Gene Responsible for Chlorophyll Biosynthesis in L.

Rapeseed ( L.) is mainly used for oil production and industrial purposes. A high photosynthetic efficiency is the premise of a high yield capable of meeting people's various demands.

Unveiling the Atomic Structure and Growth Dynamics of One-Dimensional Water on ZnO(10-10).

The adsorption and organization state of water on the metal oxide surface is of critical importance for wide fields where interface chemistry dominates. On the technically important ZnO(10-10) surface, we found water assembles into an one-dimensional (1D) chain structure at submonolayer coverage instead of the well-known half-dissociated two-dimensional (2D) island. With a combination of high resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we clearly distinguished the single and double water chains, which are composed of dissociated monomers and half-dissociated dimers, respectively.

Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping Combined with RNA Sequencing Reveals the Molecular Basis of Seed Germination in Oilseed Rape.

Rapid and uniform seed germination improves mechanized oilseed rape production in modern agricultural cultivation practices. However, the molecular basis of seed germination is still unclear in . A population of recombined inbred lines of from a cross between the lower germination rate variety 'APL01' and the higher germination rate variety 'Holly' was used to study the genetics of seed germination using quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping.

QTL Analysis of Five Silique-Related Traits in L. Across Multiple Environments.

As an important physiological and reproductive organ, the silique is a determining factor of seed yield and a breeding target trait in rapeseed ( L.). Genetic studies of silique-related traits are helpful for rapeseed marker-assisted high-yield breeding.

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Complex Molecular Mechanisms of - Interactions.

Sclerotinia stem rot caused by is a devastating disease for many important crops worldwide, including . Although numerous studies have been performed on the gene expression changes in and , knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms of - interactions is limited. Here, we revealed the changes in the gene expression and related pathways in both and during the sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) infection process using transcriptome analyses.

QTL Mapping and GWAS Reveal the Genetic Mechanism Controlling Soluble Solids Content in Shoots.

Oilseed-vegetable-dual-purpose (OVDP) rapeseed can effectively alleviate the land contradiction between crops and it supplements vegetable supplies in winter or spring. The soluble solids content (SSC) is an important index that is used to evaluate the quality and sugar content of fruits and vegetables. However, the genetic architecture underlying the SSC in shoots is still unclear.

Single-Layer MoS Grown on Atomically Flat SrTiO Single Crystal for Enhanced Trionic Luminescence.

The elaborate interface interactions can be critical in determining the achievable functionality of a semiconductor heterojunction (SH), particularly when two-dimensional material is enclosed in the system and its thickness is at an atomic extreme. In this work, we have successfully constructed a SH model system composed of typical transition-metal chalcogenide (TMDs) and transition metal oxides (TMO) by directly growing molybdenum sulfide (MoS) nanosheets on atomically flat strontium titanate (SrTiO) single crystal substrates through a conventional chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthetic method. Multiple measurements have demonstrated the uniform monolayer thickness and single crystallinity of the MoS nanosheets as well as the atomic flatness of the heterojunction surface, both characterizing an extremely high quality of the interface.

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the IGT Gene Family in Allotetraploid Rapeseed ( L.).

IGT family genes function critically to regulate lateral organ orientation in plants. However, little information is available about this family of genes in . In this study, 27 BnIGT genes were identified on 16 chromosomes and divided into seven clades, namely and (), based on their phylogenetic relationships.

Synergistic mutations of two rapeseed AHAS genes confer high resistance to sulfonylurea herbicides for weed control.

A double mutant 5N of rapeseed was obtained with a synergistic effect of high resistance to sulfonylurea herbicide. Excellent weed control was observed in Ning R201 created by 5N resources. Sulfonylurea herbicides, which inhibit acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS), have become the most widely used herbicides worldwide.

Fine-mapping and transcriptome analysis of a candidate gene controlling plant height in L.

Background: provides approximately 13-16% of global vegetable oil for human consumption and biodiesel production. Plant height (PH) is a key trait that affects plant architecture, seed yield and harvest index. However, the genetic mechanism of PH in is poorly understood.

Identification and application of markers closely linked to the restorer gene () in rapeseed ( L.).

The Mutsu-Isuzu cytoplasmic male sterility (MI CMS) system is one of the three-line hybrid systems used in China. As we know, the hybrid system is tightly associated with the yield variation in F heterosis, while the restorer gene for the MI CMS () has not been finely mapped for further application in marker-assisted selection (MAS). In this study, the sets of near-isogenic lines (NILs) of in two different genetic backgrounds were hybridized with the genome-wide 60 K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip of for screening the possible associated genomic region of .

Three BnaIAA7 homologs are involved in auxin/brassinosteroid-mediated plant morphogenesis in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.).

BnaIAA7 crosstalk with BR signaling is mediated by the interaction between BnaARF8 and BnaBZR1 to regulate rapeseed plant morphogenesis. Auxin (indole-3-acetic acid, IAA) and brassinosteroids (BRs) are essential regulators of plant morphogenesis. However, their roles in rapeseed have not been reported.

Identification and Functional Analysis of Two New Mutant Alleles That Confer Elevated Oleic Acid Content in Rapeseed.

Rapeseed ( L.) is a vital oil crop worldwide. High oleic acid content is a desirable quality trait for rapeseed oil, which makes it more beneficial to human health.