Reversing NK cell exhaustion: a novel strategy combining immune checkpoint blockade with drug sensitivity enhancement in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common lethal cancers worldwide. Natural killer cells (NK cells) play a key role in liver immunosurveillance, but in the tumor microenvironment, NK cells are readily depleted, as evidenced by down-regulation of activating receptors, reduced cytokine secretion, and attenuated killing function. The up-regulation of inhibitory receptors, such as PD-1, TIM-3, and LAG-3, further exacerbates the depletion of NK cells.

Identification of the Anti-ischemia-reperfusion Injury Effect of Baicalein from Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi in Liver Transplantation.

Background: The complex etiology of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (IRI) induced by liver transplantation (LT) and the "one-target-focused" method limit the development of effective therapeutic interventions. We aimed to reveal the specific active ingredients and mechanisms involved in the Chinese herb Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SBG) in alleviating IRI in LT.

Methods: The active ingredients and potential macromolecular targets of SBG were screened through related databases.

Wogonin Alleviates DCD Liver Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Regulating ALOX15/iNOS-mediated Ferroptosis.

Background: Donation after circulatory death livers are more susceptible to ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) because of a longer period of warm ischemia. Growing evidence now suggests that ferroptosis plays a key regulatory role in the development of IRI, so targeting ferroptosis may be an effective strategy to alleviate IRI in liver transplantation (LT).

Methods: Using donation after circulatory death LT models in rats and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) models in BRL-3A cells, we tested the effect of the Chinese medicine monomer wogonin on liver IRI and explored the specific mechanism.

Dimethyloxalylglycine pretreatment of living donor alleviates both donor and graft liver ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Under the circumstance of the increasing waiting list for liver transplantation, living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) can alleviate the shortage of liver donors to some extent. However, how to reduce both donor and graft ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is still an unsolved problem in LDLT. Hypoxia-induced transcription factor 1 (HIF1) activation is considered an important mechanism of cellular adaptation to hypoxia, and early activation of HIF1 may be a new way to alleviate liver IRI.

Effect of dexmedetomidine on liver transplantation: a meta-analysis.

Dexmedetomidine (DEX), an adjuvant anesthetic, may improve the clinical outcomes of liver transplantation (LT). We summarized the relevant clinical trials of DEX in patients undergoing LT. As of 30 January 2023, we searched The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Clinical Trial.

Prognostic Value of Inflammation-Immunity-Nutrition Score and Inflammatory Burden Index for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients After Hepatectomy.

Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the ability of inflammation-immunity-nutrition score (IINS) and inflammatory burden index (IBI), individually or in combination, to predict prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients after hepatectomy.

Methods: A total of 701 patients who underwent HCC resection at Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital were enrolled in the study. An IINS ranging from 0 to 3 was defined based on preoperative C-reactive protein (CRP), lymphocyte count, and serum albumin level, while an IBI was based on CRP and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.

A new approach to the treatment of nontuberculous mycobacterium skin infections caused by iatrogenic manipulation: Photodynamic therapy combined with antibiotics: A pilot study.

Background: Recently, the number of nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) infections caused by iatrogenic procedures, especially rapid NTM skin infections, has been increasing. Due to the nonspecific clinical manifestations and nonstandard treatment guidelines, these infections are often misdiagnosed and challenging to treat.

Methods: In this study, eight patients had NTM skin infections caused by iatrogenic procedures, and were diagnosed by bacterial culture and flight mass spectrometry tests.

Bach2 regulates autophagy to modulate UVA-induced photoaging in skin fibroblasts.

Senescence is a cellular process that can be initiated by certain stressors such as UVA irradiation. The mechanism by which skin cells protect themselves from the UVA-induced senescence has not been fully investigated. Here, we demonstrate that Bach2 modulates the extent of UVA-induced photoaging through regulation of autophagy in skin fibroblasts.

Effects of ALA-PDT on the Healing of Mouse Skin Wounds Infected With and Its Related Mechanisms.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising new method to eliminate microbial infection and promote wound healing. Its effectiveness has been confirmed by some studies; however, the mechanisms of PDT in wound healing remain obscure. We used mouse skin wounds infected with as a research object to explore the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT).

Low-level PDT treatment modulated photoaging mediated by UVA irradiation through regulating Bach2.

Objective: To investigate low-level ALA-PDT (Aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy) effects on photorejuvenation in vitro and in vivo, exploring the basic mechanism of Bach2 involved in PDT treatment in photoaging.

Method: Photoaging model was established by UVA chronic irradiation in human fibroblasts and mice skins. Cell viability was determined by MTS assay and cell senescence was detected by SA-β-gal activity.

5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy associated with Itraconazole successfully treated a case of chromoblastomycosis.

Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a prevalent implantation fungal infection. Patients with CBM show chronic granulomatous hyperplasia with ulcers and exudation. It may cause incapacity for labor in some severe clinical forms and it is often refractory to antifungal therapies.

Effects of low-dose ALA-PDT on fibroblast photoaging induced by UVA irradiation and the underlying mechanisms.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of low-dose aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) on photoaging in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and to explore the mechanism of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)-mediated photorejuvenation in vitro.

Methods: A photoaging model was established through repeated exposure of HDFs to UVA. Total superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression was detected by a SOD activity assay.