An Unusual 'Gift' from Humans: Third-Generation Cephalosporin-Resistant Enterobacterales in migratory birds along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway.

Migratory birds play a pivotal role in the global dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), with shorebirds relying on coastal wetlands during their long-distance migrations, environments often contaminated and conducive to ARG transmission. However, systematic investigations into antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in shorebirds remain scarce. During spring and autumn of 2023, we collected 893 throat and cloacal swabs from 480 shorebirds, representing 28 species, at Chongming Dongtan, a critical stopover along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway.

Epidemiological and genetic charateristics of Vibrio vulnificus from diverse sources in China during 2012-2023.

Vibrio vulnificus is a significant zoonotic pathogen that causes severe vibriosis in humans and fish. The lack of a national annual surveillance program in China has hindered understanding of its epidemiological characteristics and genetic diversity. This study characterized 150 V.

Curcumin prevents neurodegeneration by blocking HDAC6-NLRP3 pathway-dependent neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease.

Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenolic compound with potent anti-inflammatory properties. However, whether it can achieve therapeutic effects by alleviating neuroinflammation in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and its potential mechanism are still unknown. This study explored the effects of curcumin on neuroinflammation in dopaminergic neurons and deciphered its direct target in the histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6)-Nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) pathway, revealing the potential role of curcumin in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Posaconazole nanocrystals dry powder inhalers for the local treatment of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis poses a significant threat to immunocompromised patients, characterized by high mortality rates. Posaconazole (PSZ), a second-generation triazole antifungal, exhibits broad-spectrum activity but suffers from limited pulmonary concentrations and notable systemic side effects when administered orally or intravenously. This study focuses on optimizing PSZ nanocrystals-agglomerated particles for dry powder inhalers (DPIs) to enhance solubility, dissolution rates, and pulmonary deposition, ultimately improving therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic adverse effects.

Pyroptosis mediated by Parkin-NLRP3 negative feedback loop contributed to Parkinson's disease induced by rotenone.

Rotenone remains an efficient pesticide used extensively in agriculture, leading to neurotoxicity and the increase of the prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD). Previous studies indicated that Parkin, a neurohomeostasis regulatory factor, and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), a core factor driving the inflammatory response, interacted with each other, which affected neuroinflammation occurrence. However, whether rotenone accelerated PD progression via Parkin-NLRP3 loop and the specific mechanisms were still unclear.

Chromosomally located bla in Enterobacter cloacae complex across human-bird-environment interfaces: A one-health perspective.

To improve the understanding of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in migratory birds derived-Enterobacter cloacae (E. cloacae) complex and its spread at the human-bird-environment interface, we isolated 11 strains of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant E. cloacae from 1003 specimens from 29 migratory bird species over two years in Chongming, Shanghai, China.

Myeloid-specific Hdac10 deletion protects against LPS-induced acute lung injury via P62 acetylation at lysine 165.

Background: Aberrant activation of macrophages is associated with pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI). However, the potential pathogenesis has not been explored.

Objectives: We aimed to identify whether histone deacetylase (HDAC) 10 is involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-exposed ALI and reveal the underlying pathogenesis by which it promotes lung inflammation in LPS-exposed ALI via modifying P62 with deacetylation.

Molecular Characterization and Potential Host-switching of Swine Farm associated Clostridioides difficile ST11.

Objective: To conduct molecular prevalence and genetic polymorphism analysis of 24 Swine Farm associated C. difficile ST11 strains, in addition to other representative sequenced ST strains.

Methods: The collected C.

Three‑dimensional finite element analysis: Anatomical splint fixation for Colles fractures.

With the rapid development of digital research in clinical orthopedics, the efficacy and safety of splint fixation can be better evaluated through biomechanical analysis based on a three-dimensional (3D) finite element model. It is essential to address the current gap in understanding the biomechanical implications of anatomical splint fixation for Colles fractures. By employing advanced 3D finite element analysis, the present study aimed to provide a comprehensive evaluation, offering valuable insights that can contribute to enhancing the effectiveness of anatomical splint fixation in the clinical management of Colles fractures.

Carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli exhibit diverse spatiotemporal epidemiological characteristics across the globe.

Carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CREC) poses a severe global public health risk. This study reveals the worldwide geographic spreading patterns and spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of resistance genes in 7918 CREC isolates belonging to 497 sequence types (ST) and originating from 75 countries. In the last decade, there has been a transition in the prevailing STs from highly virulent ST131 and ST38 to higher antibiotic-resistant ST410 and ST167.

Epithelial SIRT6 governs IL-17A pathogenicity and drives allergic airway inflammation and remodeling.

Dysregulation of IL-17A is closely associated with airway inflammation and remodeling in severe asthma. However, the molecular mechanisms by which IL-17A is regulated remain unclear. Here we identify epithelial sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) as an epigenetic regulator that governs IL-17A pathogenicity in severe asthma.

The HDAC10 instructs macrophage M2 program via deacetylation of STAT3 and promotes allergic airway inflammation.

Perturbation of macrophage homeostasis is one of the key mechanisms of airway inflammation in asthma. However, the exact mechanisms remain poorly understood. We sought to examine the role of histone deacetylase (HDAC) 10 as an epigenetic regulator that governs macrophage M2 program and promotes airway inflammation in asthma, and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Ritanserin suppresses acute myeloid leukemia by inhibiting DGKα to downregulate phospholipase D and the Jak-Stat/MAPK pathway.

Refractory or relapsed (R/R) AML is the most challenging form of AML to treat. Due to frequent genetic mutations, therapy alternatives are limited. Here, we identified the role of ritanserin and its target DGKα in AML.

Myeloid-Specific SIRT6 Deletion Protects Against Particulate Matter (PM)-Induced Airway Inflammation.

Purpose: Particulate matter (PM) is a common risk factor for airway inflammation. Alveolar macrophages play a critical role in airway inflammation. Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is a class Ill histone deacetylase that exerts an anti-inflammatory effect in airway diseases.

Development and validation of a genomic nomogram based on a ceRNA network for comprehensive analysis of obstructive sleep apnea.

Some ceRNA associated with lncRNA have been considered as possible diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We intend to identify the potential hub genes for the development of OSA, which will provide a foundation for the study of the molecular mechanism underlying OSA and for the diagnosis and treatment of OSA. We collected plasma samples from OSA patients and healthy controls for the detection of ceRNA using a chip.

Immunological evaluation of patients with Alzheimer's disease based on mitogen-stimulated cytokine productions and mitochondrial DNA indicators.

Background: Based on its objective characteristics, laboratory markers have always been the research direction of clinical diagnosis and assessment of mental disorders including Alzheimer's disease.

Methods: MTT Colorimetric Assay, ELISA, and quantitative PCR were used to investigate the responsiveness of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to mitogen Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and Phytohemagglutinin (PHA), PBMCs genomic methylation and hydroxymethylation levels, nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA damage, respiratory chain enzyme activities, and circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA levels were detected in 90 patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Results: In the Alzheimer's disease group, LPS stimulated PBMCs viability, TNF-α secretion, PHA stimulated IL-10 secretion, genomic DNA methylation levels, circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA copies, citrate synthase activity were reduced compared to the control; while the LPS stimulated PBMCs IL-1α secretion, PHA stimulated IL-1α and IFN-γ secretion, plasma IL-6 and TNF-α, mitochondrial DNA damages were increased compared to the control.

Preclinical Studies of Chiauranib Show It Inhibits Transformed Follicular Lymphoma through the VEGFR2/ERK/STAT3 Signaling Pathway.

Transformed follicular lymphoma (t-FL), for which there is no efficient treatment strategy, has a rapid progression, treatment resistance, and poor prognosis, which are the main reasons for FL treatment failure. In this study, we identified a promising therapeutic approach with chiauranib, a novel orally developed multitarget inhibitor targeting VEGFR/Aurora B/CSF-1R. We first determined the cytotoxicity of chiauranib in t-FL cell lines through CCK-8, EdU staining, flow cytometry, and transwell assays.

Global Research Status and Trends of Femoral Neck Fracture Over the Past 27 Years: A Historical Review and Bibliometric Analysis.

Background: Femoral neck fracture (FNF) is a commonly encountered injury in orthopedic practice, and many studies have been conducted in this field. However, no bibliometric studies regarding the global research trend concerning FNF have been performed. This study aims to analyze the knowledge framework, research hotspots, and theme trends in the field of FNF research.

HB-EGF-induced IL-8 secretion from airway epithelium leads to lung fibroblast proliferation and migration.

Background: We have reported that heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF) is increased in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and associated with collagen deposition, but the mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we aimed to investigated the inflammatory cytokines secreted by bronchial epithelial cells following exposure to HB-EGF that promoted proliferation and migration of human lung fibroblast.

Methods: HB-EGF-induced inflammatory cytokines were assayed in two airway epithelial cells (primary human bronchial epithelial cells [HBECs] and BEAS-2B cells).

Immunological and inflammatory profiles during acute and convalescent phases of severe/ critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Background: The 2019 Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic poses a huge threat internationally; however, the role of the host immune system in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 is not well understood.

Methods: Cytokine and chemokine levels and characterisation of immune cell subsets from 20 COVID-19 cases after hospital admission (17 critically ill and 3 severe patients) and 16 convalescent patients were determined using a multiplex immunoassay and flow cytometry, respectively.

Results: IP-10, MCP-1, MIG, IL-6, and IL-10 levels were significantly higher in acute severe/critically ill patients with COVID-19, whereas were normal in patients who had reached convalescence.

Cyasterone accelerates fracture healing by promoting MSCs migration and osteogenesis.

Background: Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) therapy has become a new coming focus of clinical research in regenerative medicine. However, only a small number of implanted MSCs could successfully reach the injured areas. The previous studies have shown that fracture healing time is inversely proportional to concentration of MSCs in injured tissue.

[Allelopathy autotoxicity effects of aquatic extracts from rhizospheric soil on rooting and growth of stem cuttings in Pogostemon cablin].

Objective: To study the allelopathy effects of aquatic extracts from rhizospheric soil on the rooting and growth of stem cutting in Pogostemon cablin, and to reveal its mechanism initially.

Methods: The changes of rhizogenesis characteristics and physic-biochemical during cutting seedlings were observed when using different concentration of aquatic extracts from rhizospheric soil.

Results: Aquatic extracts from rhizospheric soil had significant inhibitory effects on rooting rate, root number, root length, root activity, growth rate of cutting with increasing concentrations of tissue extracts; The chlorophyll content of cutting seedlings were decreased, but content of MDA were increased, and activities of POD, PPO and IAAO in cutting seedlings were affected.

Bactericidal activity against meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus of a novel eukaryotic therapeutic recombinant antimicrobial peptide.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are one of several potential antibacterial agents in the current era of antibiotics facing severe challenges. In this study, the bactericidal activity and stability of two eukaryotic AMPs were determined. Both AMPs showed specific antibacterial activity in a HEK293T cell model infected with meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.