Inhibition of FoxO1 ameliorates hepatic steatosis and hepatitis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis mice through regulation of gut microbiota.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the role of forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) inhibitor AS1842856 (AS) in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mice and the potential mechanisms.

Methods: Mice were given methionine-choline-sufficient (MCS), or methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet for 5 weeks, along with AS (60 mg/kg) or vehicle gavage treatment (0.2 mL/day).

Damage Effect of Amorphous Carbon Black Nanoparticle Aggregates on Model Phospholipid Membranes: Surface Charge, Exposure Concentration and Time Dependence.

Commercial nano-scale carbon blacks (CB) are being harnessed widely and may impose potentially hazardous effects because of their unique properties, especially if they have been modified to grow reactive functional groups on their surface. Cytotoxicity of CB has been well studied but the membrane damage mechanisms and role of surface modification are still open to debate. Negatively and positively charged giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) were prepared using three lipids as model cell membranes to examine the mechanistic damage of CB and MCB (modified by acidic potassium permanganate) aggregates.

Combined toxicity of functionalized nano-carbon black and cadmium on Eisenia fetida coelomocytes: The role of adsorption.

Little is known about the potential threats of functionalized nano-carbon black (FNCB) combined with cadmium (Cd) to soil invertebrates. In this study, immunocompetent coelomocytes from Eisenia fetida are harnessed, and the joint cytotoxicity types of FNCB and Cd co-exposure are analyzed. The extracellular interaction mechanisms of FNCB and Cd were completely explored using adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics accompanied by isotherm batch experiments and Fourier infrared spectroscopy.

Effect of Nano-Carbon Black Surface Modification on Toxicity to Earthworm (Eisenia fetida) Using Filter Paper Contact and Avoidance Test.

Engineered nanomaterials (NMs) may enter the soil through various channels and pose potential harm to soil animals, especially those proactively applied for soil heavy metal remediation. Effects of nano-carbon black (CB) and surface modified carbon black (MCB) on catalase (CAT) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in earthworms exposed on filter paper for 48 h were tested. Avoidance test was used to determine hazard of soil treated with 0.

Percutaneous microwave ablation combined with simultaneous transarterial chemoembolization for the treatment of advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Aim: To retrospectively evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) combined with simultaneous transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the treatment of patients with advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).

Methods: All patients treated with ultrasound-guided percutaneous MWA combined with simultaneous TACE for advanced ICC at our institution were included. Posttreatment contrast-enhanced computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging were retrieved and reviewed for tumor response to the treatment.

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization with gemcitabine and oxaliplatin for the treatment of advanced biliary tract cancer.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the therapeutic efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with gemcitabine and oxaliplatin in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the outcomes for 65 patients with advanced BTC treated by TACE with gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m(2) and oxaliplatin 100 mg/m(2). Follow-up laboratory tests and computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging were performed routinely to evaluate the response of the tumor to treatment.

Effects of surface-modified nano-scale carbon black on Cu and Zn fractionations in contaminated soil.

Cu contamination soil (547 mg kg(-1)) was mixed separately with the surface-modified nano-scale carbon black (MCB) and placed in the ratios (w/w) of 0, 1%, 3%, and 5% in pots, together with 0.33 g KH2PO4 and 0.35 g urea/pot.

Transarterial infusion with gemcitabine and oxaliplatin for the treatment of unresectable pancreatic cancer.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and the safety of transarterial infusion (TAI) with gemcitabine and oxaliplatin in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer (PC). After celiac arteriogram and super-mesenteric arteriography, 1000 mg/m gemcitabine and 100 mg/m oxaliplatin were infused through 4- or 5-Fr catheters in arteries supplying blood to the tumor. In cases in which the blood-supplying artery could be selectively catheterized, the infusion was performed through a 3-Fr catheter placed in the tumor-supplying artery.

Fine needle aspirating and cutting is superior to Tru-cut core needle in liver biopsy.

Background: Liver biopsy is the "gold standard" for evaluating liver disorders, but controversies over the potential risk of complications and patient discomfort still exist. Using a 21G fine needle, we developed a new biopsy procedure, fine needle aspirating and cutting (FNAC). Our procedure obtains enough tissue for pathological examination and meanwhile, reduces the risk of biopsy complications.

Damage to pig bile duct caused by intraluminal brachytherapy using a (125)I ribbon.

Background: Stent occlusion by tumor ingrowth or overgrowth is the main cause of jaundice recurrence after metal stent insertion in patients with malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ). The application of intraluminal brachytherapy (ILBT) in patients with MOJ results in local control of malignant tumors, which prolong stent patency.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety of ILBT in pig bile ducts using ribbons of iodine-125 ((125)I) seeds.

The use of ¹²⁵I seed strands for intraluminal brachytherapy of malignant obstructive jaundice.

This study is sought to evaluate the feasibility and safety of using ¹²⁵I seed strands for intraluminal brachytherapy (ILBT) in the treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ), and its clinical effect on stent patency. A total of 34 patients found to have MOJ were randomly assigned to an ILBT treatment group or a control group before biliary stent insertion. For the ILBT group, ¹²⁵I seed strands were implanted into the obstructive segment of the bile duct after stent insertion.

Identifying serum biomarkers for TACE therapy efficiency of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization (TACE) is the first line of treatment in inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma. Magnetic affinity beads can be used to extract peptides from un-fractionated serum samples. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) can detect the presence and the molecular mass of peptides.

Roles of abiotic losses, microbes, plant roots, and root exudates on phytoremediation of PAHs in a barren soil.

Phytoremediation is an emerging technology for the remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In this study, pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of phytoremediation of phenanthrene and pyrene in a typical low organic matter soil (3.75 g kg(-1)), and the contribution proportions of abiotic losses, microbes, plant roots, and root exudates were ascertained during the PAHs dissipation.

Surface-modified nanoscale carbon black used as sorbents for Cu(II) and Cd(II).

Commercial carbon blacks often have low adsorption capacity for metal ions. Surface modification of them by appropriate physical and chemical treatments could improve their absorption capacities, and hence extend their environmental application. A surface-modified nanoscale carbon black was prepared by oxidizing the carbon black with 65% HNO(3).

[Prognostic analysis of 669 liver metastasis of colorectal cancer cases].

Objective: To evaluate the relation between different therapy and survival rate of liver metastasis of colorectal cancer (LMCC).

Methods: Clinical data of 669 LMCC patients,collected from Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital from January 2000 to July 2008, were analyzed retrospectively.

Results: Of the 669 cases, 379 cases were synchronous liver metastases(SLM) and 290 cases were metachronous liver metastases(MLM).

Prognostic analysis of pulmonary metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: To analyze the prognostic factors for the patients with lung metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods And Materials: One hundred and five patients with lung metastases from HCC were analyzed retrospectively. We analyzed the impact factors, including the gender, age, liver function, serum AFP and gamma-GT level, the status of intrahepatic tumor and pulmonary metastases and treatment for them, the distant metastases beyond the lung, as well as the causes of death.

[Survival of patients with liver metastasis from colorectal cancer by different modes of therapy: a report of 363 cases].

Objective: To evaluate the correlation between different therapies and survival of liver metastasis from colorectal cancer ( LMCC) , and to compare the clinical outcome of synchronous liver metastasis (SLM) with that of metachronous liver metastasis (MLM).

Methods: The clinical data of 363 patients with LMCC were retrospectively reviewed with focus on the correlation between different therapy and survival.

Results: Of these 363 patients, 160 had SLM and 203 had MLM.

[Epirubicin in the treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice].

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficiency of epirubicin in the treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ).

Methods: Thirty-nine patients with diagnosis of MOJ, whose serum total bilirubin (TB) had not dropped to normal level after stent placement or percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage, received trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE). During TACE, epirubicin emulsion containing pharmorubicin at dose of 30 mg/m(2) was used.

[Preoperative hepatic and regional arterial infusion chemotherapy in the prevention of liver metastasis after colorectal cancer surgery].

Objective: To investigate the effects of preoperative hepatic and regional arterial infusion chemotherapy (PHRAIC) in the prevention of liver metastasis of colorectal cancer after surgery.

Methods: 110 patients of colorectal cancer underwent perfusion of 3 anti-tumor drugs into the hepatic artery and nutrient artery of the tumor respectively, radical surgery of the colorectal cancer 7 days after, and then general venous chemotherapy 3 weeks after operation, 112 patients underwent radical surgery of the colorectal cancer and general venous chemotherapy 3 weeks after operation. Follow-up was carried out every month with a follow-up period of 34 months +/- 3 months.

Radiation therapy for adrenal gland metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: The adrenal gland is a common site of extrahepatic metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma. However, it has been the subject of few studies, and the optimal treatment remains unclear. Methods previously tried for the management of adrenal gland metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma included surgical resection, transarterial chemoembolization or percutaneous ethanol injection, on the basis of case reports.

HDR-192Ir intraluminal brachytherapy in treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice.

Aim: To determine the feasibility and safety of intraluminal brachytherapy in treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ) and to evaluate the clinical effect of intraluminal brachytherapy on stent patency and patient survival.

Methods: Thirty-four patients with MOJ were included in this study. Having biliary stent placed, all patients were classified into intraluminal brachytherapy group (group A, n = 14) and control group (group B, n = 20) according to their own choice.

Radiation therapy for the locoregional lymph node metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma, phase I clinical trial.

Background/aims: The patients with lymph node metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma may survive only a few months. These patients are not suitable for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, percutaneous ethanol injection and surgical resection. External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) could provide a useful treatment, but only 4 hepatocellular carcinoma cases with abdominal lymph nodes involvement were treated with EBRT in the two reports over the last 10 years.

Role and limitation of FMPSPGR dynamic contrast scanning in the follow-up of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated by TACE.

Aim: To evaluate the role and limitation of fast multiplanar spoiled gradient-recalled (FMPSPGR) MR dynamic contrast scanning in the follow-up of patients with HCC treated by transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).

Methods: Twenty-two patients with 24 HCC lesions confirmed by biopsy or surgical resection underwent MR imaging in 4-9wks after TACE with a superconducting 1.5 T MR scanner, including SE T(1)WI, T(2)WI and FMPSPGR dynamic contrast scanning.