Astaxanthin ameliorates benzalkonium chloride-induced dry eye disease through suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress via Keap1-Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways.

Background: Dry eye disease (DED) predominantly results from elevated tear film osmolarity, which can not only cause ocular inconvenience but may lead to visual impairments, severely compromising patient well-being and exerting substantial economic burdens as well. Astaxanthin (AST), a member of the xanthophylls and recognized for its robust abilities to combat inflammation and oxidation, is a common dietary supplement. Nonetheless, the precise molecular pathways through which AST influences DED are still poorly understood.

Identification of microplastics in human tear fluid and meibum: Implications for dry eye disease pathogenesis.

Microplastics (MPs) are emerging environmental pollutants that are increasingly being detected in various human tissues. However, their impact on ocular health is underexplored. This study investigated the presence of MPs in tear fluid and meibum of 45 patients with dry eye disease (DED).

Ferromagnetic transformation of α-FeO Co doping for efficient water oxidation under magnetic field.

The introduction of a magnetic field has great potential for enhancing oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance, but it requires the catalyst to be ferromagnetic and there is a lack of understanding of the fundamental mechanisms. Herein, we achieved the transformation of non-ferromagnetic α-FeO into ferromagnetic CoFeO by Co doping. Compared to α-FeO, the OER activity of CoFeO considerably increased under a magnetic field of 3000 Oe and is proportional to the magnetic field strength within a certain range.

Clinical observation of esculin and digitalisglycosides eye drops with 0.3% sodium hyaluronate eye drops for dry eye disease: a randomized controlled trial.

Dry eye disease (DED) is a common ocular surface disorder. Esculin and digitalis possess anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, which may benefit patients with DED. This study aimed to assess the therapeutic efficacy of esculin and digitalis glycosides (EAD) eye drops, either alone or in combination with 0.

Pan-cancer and multi-omics analysis: NDUFA1 is a potential therapeutic target and prognostic marker for esophageal cancer.

Objectives: The study examined the NDUFA1 expression and its prognostic value in pan-cancer, especially in esophageal cancer (ESCA). Its carcinogenic effect on ESCA was further elucidated.

Materials And Methods: TCGA database was used to examine NDUFA1 expression and its prognostic value in 33 cancer types.

Deciphering the therapeutic effects of Xiyanping injection: insights into pulmonary and gut microbiome modulation, SerpinB2/PAI-2 targeting, and alleviation of influenza a virus-induced lung injury.

Infection with Influenza A virus (IAV) induces severe inflammatory responses and lung injury, contributing significantly to mortality and morbidity rates. Alterations in the microbial composition of the lungs and intestinal tract resulting from infection could influence disease progression and treatment outcomes. Xiyanping (XYP) injection has demonstrated efficacy in clinical treatment across various viral infections.

Insular infraorbital neurovascular pedicle labial salivary gland transplantation for the treatment of severe dry eye disease: an IDEAL stage 0, 1 and 2a study.

Objectives: To address the lack of nerve and blood supply after labial salivary gland transplantation (LSGT) resulting in glandular atrophy. We designed a modified LSGT, called insular infraorbital neurovascular pedicle LSGT, and evaluated the postoperative efficacy.

Design: This is a prospective, single-centre, self-contained study.

Identification of glutamine as a potential therapeutic target in dry eye disease.

Dry eye disease (DED) is a prevalent inflammatory condition significantly impacting quality of life, yet lacks effective pharmacological therapies. Herein, we proposed a novel approach to modulate the inflammation through metabolic remodeling, thus promoting dry eye recovery. Our study demonstrated that co-treatment with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and thymosin beta-4 (Tβ4) yielded the best therapeutic outcome against dry eye, surpassing monotherapy outcomes.

Spatial transcriptomics and single-cell RNA-sequencing revealed dendritic cell-mediated inflammation in keratoconus.

Keratoconus (KC) is a corneal disorder characterized by central corneal protrusion and thinning. In this study, spatial transcriptomics was employed to investigate molecular and cellular variations in KC, revealing a distinct pattern of inflammatory responses across the cornea. Upregulation of inflammatory processes was observed in the central cornea, while downregulation was noted in the periphery, indicating complex regional inflammatory changes in the KC cornea.

Alzheimer's disease recognition based on waveform and spectral speech signal processing.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with an irreversible progression. Currently, it is diagnosed using invasive and costly methods, such as cerebrospinal fluid analysis, neuroimaging, and neuropsychological assessments. Recent studies indicate that certain changes in language ability can predict early cognitive decline, highlighting the potential of speech analysis in AD recognition.

Insights into renal damage in hyperuricemia: Focus on renal protection (Review).

The incidence of hyperuricemia has increased recently, posing a serious threat to public health. Hyperuricemia is associated with an increased risk of gout, chronic kidney disease (CKD), obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypertriglyceridaemia, metabolic dysfunction‑associated steatotic liver disease, acute kidney injury, coronary heart disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD). These diseases are commonly accompanied by varying degrees of kidney damage.

Direct synthesis of PtNi coated with NiB for efficient electrochemical hydrogen evolution from seawater.

The design of a protective electron-rich surface is an ideal route to enhance the performance of catalysts. Due to the higher work function of NiB, facile-directed electron transport occurs from PtNi to NiB to enrich electron density on the surface of the NiB shell. This process increases hydrogen adsorption-desorption kinetics and mitigates Cl corrosion.

Insular Infraorbital Neurovascular Pedicle Labial Salivary Gland Transplantation for Severe Dry Eye: Anatomy Study and Case Report.

Purpose: Severe dry eyes often require surgical intervention. Submandibular salivary and minor salivary gland transplantation are options for refractory dry eyes but have limitations. The authors innovatively designed an insular infraorbital neurovascular pedicle labial salivary gland transplantation (IINPLSGT) and validated its feasibility and safety through anatomical studies.

The Application of Terlipressin in the Management of Ascites in Liver Cirrhosis: Current Status and Prospects.

Ascites due to liver cirrhosis is a common complication in patients with liver disease, severely affecting their prognosis and quality of life. Traditional treatment methods have significant limitations in managing ascites, highlighting the need for new therapeutic approaches. As an antidiuretic drug, terlipressin has shown good efficacy and potential in treating ascites.

A Two-Step Synthesis of Porous Nitrogen-Doped Graphene for Electrochemical Capacitors.

Porous nitrogen-doped graphene (PNG) materials with high conductivity, high surface area, and chemical stability have displayed superior performance in electrochemical capacitors. However, previously reported methods for fabricating PNG render the processes expensive, hard to control, limited in production, and unsafe as well, thus largely restricting their practical applications. Herein, we present a facile two-step calcination method to prepare PNG using petroleum asphalt as the carbon source to provide the original three-dimensional porous structure directly and using environmentally friendly and high nitrogen content urea as the nitrogen source without adding any etching agent.

Investigation of traditional Chinese medicine constitution in individuals afflicted by dry eye disease: A retrospective study.

The aim of this study is to explore the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitution among individuals suffering from dry eye disease. Following the diagnostic criteria outlined in TFO DEWS II, a total of 114 patients with dry eye were included in this study. Based on the classification criteria for dry eye, the patients were categorized into 3 distinct dry eye subtypes.

Age-related analysis of corneal biomechanical parameters in healthy Chinese individuals.

To report the correlation between corneal biomechanical parameters and age in healthy Chinese individuals. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 864 eyes of 543 healthy participants. A comprehensive ophthalmic examination and corneal biomechanics examination using Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Technology (Corvis ST) were conducted.

Heating-driven self-assembled glycyrrhizin nanomicelles loading bisdemethoxycurcumin: Preparation, characterization, and efficacy evaluation on experimental dry eye.

In this study, a simple but novel preparation method was developed by heating a mixture of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate (DG) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) in aqueous solution, and a DG self-assembled nanomicelles-loading BDMC (named B@DNM) ophthalmic solution was successfully fabricated with this heating-driven process. AutoDock simulation analysis revealed that Pi-Alkyl hydrophobic interactions between BDMC and DG played important role in this self-assembled B@DNM. The optimized B@DNM, with a DG:BDMC mass ratio of 40:1 and heating time of 6 h, had a high encapsulation efficacy of 96.

The role of m6A-associated membraneless organelles in the RNA metabolism processes and human diseases.

6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant post-transcriptional dynamic RNA modification process in eukaryotes, extensively implicated in cellular growth, embryonic development and immune homeostasis. One of the most profound biological functions of m6A is to regulate RNA metabolism, thereby determining the fate of RNA. Notably, the regulation of m6A-mediated organized RNA metabolism critically relies on the assembly of membraneless organelles (MLOs) in both the nucleus and cytoplasm, such as nuclear speckles, stress granules and processing bodies.

Hierarchical Branched TiO Photo/Photoelectrocatalyst with Directed Charge Transfer for Efficient Hydrogen Production from Seawater.

The directed electron transport channel design in semiconductors, which could promote charge utilization, is attractive but rarely reported. Hierarchical branched titanium dioxide (HB-TiO), possessing a charge cascade transfer channel, was constructed by assembling titanium-defected TiO nanobranches on oxygen-defected TiO nanobelts. The interfacial Ti/O vacancies have been detected by X-ray photoelectron and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopies, and the vacancies act as the "bridge" of photogenerated carrier transport.