Nd-Nb Co-doped SnO/α-WO Electrochromic Materials: Enhanced Stability and Switching Properties.

The fabrication of Nd-Nb co-doped SnO/α-WO electrochromic (EC) materials for smart window applications is presented in the present paper. Nb is a good dopant candidate for ECs owing to its ability to introduce active sites on the surface of α-WO without causing much lattice strain due to the similar ionic radius of Nb and W. These active sites introduce more channels for charge insertion or removal during redox reactions, improving the overall EC performance.