Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in delivering bioactive cargo in infectious diseases. Here, we present a protocol for isolating EVs from alveolar macrophages (AMs) that phagocytose methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in vitro cell culture models. We describe steps for bacterial preparation; infection of AMs with MRSA; and isolation, purification, and characterization of EVs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Previous studies have shown that electrocardiographic (ECG) alarms have high sensitivity and low specificity, have underreported adverse events, and may cause neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) staff fatigue or alarm ignoring. Moreover, prolonged noise stimuli in hospitalized neonates can disrupt neonatal development.
Objective: The aim of the study is to conduct a nationwide, multicenter, large-sample cross-sectional survey to identify current practices and investigate the decision-making requirements of health care providers regarding ECG alarms.
Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in clinical applications through prompt engineering, allowing flexible clinical predictions. However, they struggle to produce reliable prediction probabilities, which are crucial for transparency and decision-making. While explicit prompts can lead LLMs to generate probability estimates, their numerical reasoning limitations raise concerns about reliability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi
November 2024
Based on the differences in the protective effects of fresh Panax ginseng and its processed products on myocardial ischemia in mice, this study identified the advantageous aspects of fresh P. ginseng. By using network pharmacology combined with cell model validation, the molecular mechanisms of fresh P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComplex networks are susceptible to contagious cascades, underscoring the urgency for effective epidemic mitigation strategies. While physical quarantine is a proven mitigation measure for mitigation, it can lead to substantial economic repercussions if not managed properly. This study presents an innovative approach to selecting quarantine targets within complex networks, aiming for an efficient and economic epidemic response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is prominently characterized by uncontrolled inflammation and high mortality. The effect of interleukin-37 (IL-37) on the prognosis of ARDS remains unclear.
Methods: This prospective cohort study detected and analyzed serum IL-37 levels on day 1 (baseline) in 128 patients with ARDS and 40 healthy controls, and on day 7 in patients with ARDS.
Background And Aims: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a pivotal technique for excision of early-stage esophageal tumors. However, its primary complication, postoperative esophageal stricture, is a significant challenge owing to the absence of effective preventive measures. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have emerged as a promising treatment modality to address this concern.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess differences in surgical trauma between the inframammary fold approach and endoscopic transaxillary approach in breast augmentation surgery.
Methods: One hundred and ninety-four patients who underwent breast augmentation using either an inframammary fold or endoscopic transaxillary approach were enrolled. All procedures were primary and bilateral cases.
BcABA3 is an unusual sesquiterpene synthase that lacks the conserved DDxxD and DTE/NSE motifs. Despite this, it can catalyze the conversion of farnesyl diphosphate to 2Z,4E-α-ionylideneethane. We used structure prediction, multiscale simulations, and site-directed mutagenesis experiments to investigate BcABA3 and its catalytic mechanism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCritical-sized bone defects present a formidable challenge in tissue engineering, necessitating innovative approaches that integrate osteogenesis and angiogenesis for effective repair. Inspired by the hierarchical porous structure of natural bone, this study introduces a novel method for the scalable production of ultra-long, copper-doped hydroxyapatite (Cu-HAp) fibers, utilizing the rapid gelation properties of guar gum (GG) under controlled conditions. These fibers serve as foundational units to fabricate three-dimensional porous scaffolds with a biomimetic hierarchical architecture.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
November 2024
The fracture position of a friction plug welding (FPW) joint is typically located at or near the thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ). Here, we found that microcracks in all FPW specimens initiate at the deformed plug center (DPC) zone and then propagate through the plug center along 45° shear surfaces, because the lowest hardness occurs at the DPC zone rather than the TMAZ or other zones, and the DPC zone presents a tilt fiber-like microstructure. Such a tilt microstructure stimulates formations and deformations of microvoids and propagation of microcracks along 45° shear surfaces.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLotus (), a perennial aquatic plant, endures various environmental stresses. Its diverse ornamental traits make it an ideal model for studying multigene family functional differentiation and abiotic stress responses. The () gene family includes multiple subfamilies and holds potentially pivotal roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResource use is crucial for the sustainable growth of energy and green low-carbon applications since the improper handling of biomass waste would have a detrimental effect on the environment. This paper used nano-ZnO and ammonium persulfate ((NH)SO, APS) as a template agent and heteroatom dopant, respectively. Using a one-step carbonization process in an inert atmosphere, the biomass waste furfural residue (FR) was converted into porous carbon (PC), which was applied to the supercapacitor electrode.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExcessive nutrients and explosive growth of harmful microalgae in water environments are key challenges in the treatment of eutrophication. The development of a low-cost, time-saving, and small-space-suitable research method that can simultaneously remove nutrients and microalgae is highly anticipated. This work first proposed applying microrobots to eutrophication treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Social app recruiting-based and peer-led testing strategies have been proven effective in increasing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing among men who have sex with men (MSM), though their combination remains underevaluated. We aimed to assess the efficiency of a combined strategy named "standardly trained peer volunteer-led, social app recruiting-based HIV testing strategy using rapid testing kits" (SPARK).
Methods: Between March 2020 and December 2021, 177 trained peer volunteers tested 7256 eligible MSM testers.
Background And Objective: Pulmonary nodules (PNs) are small (≤3 cm) radiographic opacities within lung parenchyma. The use of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) has led to a significant increase in the identification of solitary nodules. Malignant lung nodules comprise only 5% of all nodules, with management differing greatly from benign cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUBE2M, an essential neddylation E2 enzyme, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cancers, viral infections, and obesity. However, whether UBE2M is involved in the pathogenesis of bacterial sepsis remains unclear. In an Escherichia coli (E.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Childhood maltreatment is frequently reported to be associated with cognitive deficits in patients with schizophrenia, but research on the childhood neglect subtype in childhood maltreatment is limited.
Objective: This study sets out from the impact of childhood neglect on cognitive impairment in schizophrenia, and explores the interrelationship of childhood neglect, social functioning, resilience, and cognitive functioning.
Participants And Setting: Two-hundred and thirty-two patients who met the DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia were recruited at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University.
Lett Appl Microbiol
December 2024
Exploring effective combination antibacterial therapies has become a research focus. This study selected seven common antibiotics to perform a series of tests on different Gram-negative bacteria isolated from clinical samples of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. More than 70% of the strains exhibited multi-drug resistance but remained sensitive to polymyxin B.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe gut microbiome affects the occurrence and development of metabolic diseases, with a significant amount of research focused on intestinal bacteria. As an important part of the gut microbiome, gut viruses were studied recently, particularly through fecal virome transplantation (FVT), revealing manipulating the gut virus could reverse overweight and glucose intolerance in mice. And human cohort studies found gut virome changed significantly in patients with metabolic disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe proper encapsulation of liposoluble tea polyphenols (LTP) is expected to better protect oil system. Chitosan hydrochloride-carboxymethyl starch (CHC-CMS) nanoparticles-based Pickering emulsions and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose/sodium citrate (HPMC/SC) microporous film were combined to embed and control-release LTP. With the CHC:CMS ratio varied from 1:0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis
December 2024
Background: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a common disease in the elderly, and its pathogenesis is still being explored. Glymphatic clearance function can be evaluated by diffusion tensor imaging analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index. This study aims to investigate the changes in glymphatic clearance function in CSVD patients and its relationship with imaging markers and risk factors of CSVD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStudy Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is closely associated with tumor growth. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) promotes autophagy and is related to malignant tumor development. However, the role of autophagy in OSAS progression remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based anti-drug antibody (ADA) assay was developed to support the clinical development of a bispecific antibody biotherapeutic anti-A/B. This anti-A/B clinical ADA Version 1 (V1) assay was successfully validated initially using commercial samples from the target indication. However, applying the validation cut point factors (CPFs) led to a high untreated ADA positive rate in the Phase 1 study baseline sample analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Non-invasive ventilation combined with pulmonary surfactant (PS) therapy is recognised as a method for treating neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). Among the administration, methods of PS, INtubation-SURfactant-Extubation (InSurE) and less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) have been widely discussed.LISA technique prevents patients from exposure to invasive positive pressure ventilation (PPV), thus improving the long-term outcomes of the respiratory system, but it faces challenges in resource-limited areas due to complexity and cost.
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