Integrated analysis of metabolome, lipidome, and gut microbiome reveals the immunomodulation of Astragali radix in healthy human subjects.

Background: As a typical medicinal food homology species, Chinese herbal medicine Astragali radix (AR) has been widely used to regulate the human immune system worldwide. However, the human immunomodulation of AR and its corresponding mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods: First, following a fortnight successive AR administration, the changes in immune cytokines and immune cells from 20 healthy human subjects were used as immune indicators to characterize the immunomodulatory effects of AR.

Predictive modeling of ICU-AW inflammatory factors based on machine learning.

Background: ICU-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) is a common complication among ICU patients. We used machine learning techniques to construct an ICU-AW inflammatory factor prediction model to predict the risk of disease development and reduce the incidence of ICU-AW.

Methods: The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) technique was used to screen key variables related to ICU-AW.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass alleviates kidney inflammation and improves kidney function in db/db mice by activating TLCA/TGR5 pathway.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a severe diabetic microvascular complication featured by chronic low-grade inflammation. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery has gained importance as a safe and effective surgery to treat DKD. Bile acids are significantly changed after RYGB, which brings a series of metabolic benefits, but the relationship with the improvement of DKD is unclear.

Condylar osseous changes following conservative therapies: A cone-beam computed tomography longitudinal study on adult patients with degenerative temporomandibular joint disease.

This retrospective study aimed to comprehensively investigate the impact of non-surgical treatments on condylar osseous changes in adult patients with degenerative joint disease (DJD). Radiographic and clinical data were collected for analysis. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used to diagnose DJD, including flattening, erosion, osteophytes, sclerosis and cysts.

Molecular disturbances and thyroid gland dysfunction in rats chronically exposed to a high dose of NaAsO₂: Insights from proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses.

Arsenic is a ubiquitous hazardous metalloid that poses a significant threat to human health. Although researchers have investigated the detrimental effects of arsenic on the thyroid, a comprehensive exploration of its toxicological impact and underlying molecular mechanisms remains to be conducted. Both this study and our previous reports demonstrated that chronic exposure to sodium arsenite (NaAsO) results in histological impairment and dysfunction of the thyroid glands in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.

Broad range lipidomics and metabolomics coupled with 16S rRNA sequencing to reveal the mechanisms of Huangkui Capsule against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Huangkui Capsule (HKC) is a traditional Chinese medicinal preparation. Numerous clinical studies have reported that HKC has a good nephroprotection effect. The clinical application of cisplatin is greatly limited by its nephrotoxicity, and HKC shows promise in preventing cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity (CIN).

Diastolic dysfunction evaluation by cardiovascular magnetic resonance derived E, a, e': Comparison to echocardiography.

Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is the first-line and most useful imaging modality for evaluating diastolic dysfunction (DD). Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has not been fully evaluated for this task. We investigated the utility of CMR for DD evaluation.

Effects of parabens on human and rat placental 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isoforms: Structure activity relationship and docking analysis.

Parabens are widely used as preservatives in personal care products and are linked to potential disruptions in placental steroidogenesis. However, their exact impact remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the inhibition, mechanisms, structure-activity relationships (SAR) of parabens on human placental 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (h3β-HSD1) and its rat counterpart, r3β-HSD4.

Chemical Screening, Identification, and Comparison of Tripterygium Hypoglaucum Hutch Preparations by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Combined With Multivariate Statistical Analysis.

Colquhounia root tablets (CRT) and Tripterygium hypoglaucum hutch tablets (THHT), two major Tripterygium hypoglaucum hutch (THH) commercial preparations, have been used to treat chronic kidney diseases or rheumatic diseases. However, there have been no reports on the chemical comparison between CRT and THHT, greatly hindering the understanding of their pharmacological difference as well as their rational application in clinical practice. In the present study, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry combined with automated data analysis by MS-DIAL software and MS-FLO website was employed to systematically screen and characterize the components in CRT and THHT.

Virtual resection evaluation based on sEEG propagation network for drug-resistant epilepsy.

Drug-resistant epilepsy with frequent seizures are considered to undergo surgery to become seizure-free, but seizure-free rates have not dramatically improved, partly due to imprecise intervention locations. To address this clinical need, we construct effective connectivity to reveal epilepsy brain dynamics. Based on the propagation path captured by the high order effective connectivity, calculate the control centrality evaluation scheme of the excised area.

Role of interleukin-18 in mediating the impacts of celiac disease on osteoporosis: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Extensive observational data suggest a link between celiac disease (CeD) and osteoporosis, but the causality and mediating mechanism remain undetermined. Herein, we performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to address these concerns.

Methods: We obtained the summary-level statistics for CeD from a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) comprising 4,533 cases and 10,750 controls of European ancestry.

CD24 regulates liver immune response and ameliorates acute hepatic injury through controlling hepatic macrophages.

Liver injury releases danger-associated molecular patterns, which trigger the immune response. CD24 negatively regulates the immune response by binding with danger-associated molecular patterns, but the specific role of CD24 in modulating macrophage-related inflammation during liver injury remains largely unexplored. Here, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms of macrophage CD24 in the development of liver injury.

Does Postgraduate Education Deepen Temporomandibular Disorders Insights for Dental Professionals?

This study aims to investigate the impact of postgraduate education on the comprehension of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMDs) among dental professionals. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted, involving 348 dental professionals, including students and practicing dentists, categorized based on their educational background into two groups: bachelor's degree or lower (Group B) and master's degree or higher (Group M). Questionnaires were utilized to assess attitudes and knowledge across four TMDs-related domains.

Polyphenol-mediated redox-active hydrogel with HS gaseous-bioelectric coupling for periodontal bone healing in diabetes.

Excessive oxidative response, unbalanced immunomodulation, and impaired mesenchymal stem cell function in periodontitis in diabetes makes it a great challenge to achieve integrated periodontal tissue regeneration. Here, a polyphenol-mediated redox-active algin/gelatin hydrogel encapsulating a conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiopene)-assembled polydopamine-mediated silk microfiber network and a hydrogen sulfide sustained-release system utilizing bovine serum albumin nanoparticles is developed. This hydrogel is found to reverse the hyperglycemic inflammatory microenvironment and enhance functional tissue regeneration in diabetic periodontitis.

Multi-Frequency Entropy for Quantifying Complex Dynamics and Its Application on EEG Data.

Multivariate entropy algorithms have proven effective in the complexity dynamic analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) signals, with researchers commonly configuring the variables as multi-channel time series. However, the complex quantification of brain dynamics from a multi-frequency perspective has not been extensively explored, despite existing evidence suggesting interactions among brain rhythms at different frequencies. In this study, we proposed a novel algorithm, termed multi-frequency entropy (mFreEn), enhancing the capabilities of existing multivariate entropy algorithms and facilitating the complexity study of interactions among brain rhythms of different frequency bands.