Research progress of β-xylosidase in green synthesis.

β-Xylosidase, an important hydrolase, catalyzes the degradation of xylan and xylosides, demonstrating significant potential for applications in biomass conversion and green synthesis. In recent years, with the rise of green chemistry, research on β-xylosidase in sustainable chemical synthesis has garnered increasing attention. Lignocellulosic biomass, a readily available and sustainable natural resource, requires the involvement of β-xylosidase for the production of biofuels.

Exploring information technology utilization and needs in community pharmacies: a cross-sectional survey in Shanghai, China.

Background: Community pharmacists are critical in managing medication therapy and ensuring patient safety. However, in many countries, including China, challenges such as limited access to real-time patient data, fragmented communication systems, and underdeveloped clinical decision-support tools hinder the effectiveness of pharmacy services. Integrating information technology (IT) into community pharmacies can improve medication management by providing timely access to patient information, enhancing medication safety, and facilitating communication with healthcare providers.

An integrated serum pharmacochemistry, network pharmacology, and metabolomics strategy: A study on raw and wine-processed Paeoniae Radix Alba in promoting blood circulation to alleviate blood stasis.

Paeoniae Radix Alba (PRA) is a traditional Chinese medicine that can be processed with wine to achieve an enhanced effect of promoting blood circulation, thus alleviating blood stasis. However, to date, the changes in the bioactive compounds of PRA before and after wine-processing, as well as the mechanisms of action and the effects on ameliorating blood stasis syndrome (BSS), have not been adequately investigated. Therefore, we systematically elucidated the material basis and mechanisms of action of PRA in the treatment of BSS before and after wine processing by integrating serum pharmacochemistry, network pharmacology, and metabolomics approaches.

Leaf metabolomic traits decipher the invasiveness of Alternanthera philoxeroides in urban wetlands.

Urbanisation has been considered to promote exotic plant invasion. Ecophysiology predicts phenotypic variation and potential evolution following urbanisation and can be used to evaluate plant invasiveness. However, few studies have included the role of ecophysiological traits for such invasiveness in urban ecosystems.

Droplet-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators with Needle Electrodes for Efficient Water Energy Harvesting.

With the advent of droplet-based triboelectric nanogenerators (D-TENGs), methods for converting raindrop kinetic energy to electrical energy have developed rapidly. However, current D-TENG designs suffer from slow solid-liquid interface separation speeds and susceptibility to liquid residues. These issues compromise the output performance of D-TENGs and limit their applications in high-power electrical appliances.

Meaning in life for migrant children in China: A latent profile analysis based on risks and resources.

Background: Meaning in life (MIL) can help safeguard the mental health of migrant children. However, most current studies employ variable-centered methodologies and frequently overlook population heterogeneity; they also fail to address how the combination of different risks and resources influences MIL.

Objective: To explore the group heterogeneity of migrant children according to combinations of risks and resources and how the interaction of these factors affects their MIL.

Early clinical predictors of infected pancreatic necrosis: a multicentre cohort study.

Background: Infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) exacerbates complications in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP), increasing mortality rates if not treated promptly. We aimed to evaluate the predictive value of clinical characteristics within 24 hours of admission for IPN prediction.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, multicentre cohort study including 3005 patients with AP from eight hospitals in China.

Multi-parametric MRI combined with radiomics for the diagnosis and grading of endometrial fibrosis.

Purpose: To evaluate the application of multi-parametric MRI (MP-MRI) combined with radiomics in diagnosing and grading endometrial fibrosis (EF).

Methods: A total of 74 patients with severe endometrial fibrosis (SEF), 41 patients with mild to moderate fibrosis (MMEF) confirmed by hysteroscopy, and 40 healthy women of reproductive age were prospectively enrolled. The enrolled data were randomly stratified and divided into a train set (108 cases: 28 healthy women, 29 with MMEF, and 51 with SEF) and a test set (47 cases: 12 healthy women, 12 MMEF and 23 SEF) at a ratio of 7:3.

Homotypic membrane-camouflaged camptothecin nanorods combining photothermal and chemotherapy for synergistic antitumor therapy.

Chemotherapy hardly achieves satisfactory therapeutic efficacy owing to the widely occurred adverse effects and drug tolerance, and the extensively investigated delivery systems suffer from complicated synthesis, low drug loading and less efficient tumor accumulation. Herein, we developed rod-shape nanocrystals to address challenges in the circulation stability, tumor targeting and therapeutic efficacy of camptothecin (CPT), a mainstay of treatments for various cancers. CPT nanorods (CNR) were coated with polydopamine (PDA) to achieve combinational chemo- and photothermal therapies (PTT) and then wrapped with cell membrane (CM) from homotypic tumor cells to obtain CNR@PDA-CM.

Small intestinal obstruction caused by the gastric bezoars in elderly diabetic patients: A case report.

Introduction: Bezoar is an unusual cause of small bowel obstruction accounting for 0.4-4 % of all mechanical bowel obstruction. With the rising incidence of diabetes and the associated risk of gastrointestinal issues.

Odor impact patterns and health risks of various enterprises in the rubber product manufacturing industry.

The rubber product manufacturing (RPM) industry generates a large number of odor complaints because persistent and distinctive volatile compounds are released during the associated processes. Such compounds represent a nuisance and may pose health risks to nearby residents. Extensive monitoring and sampling identified 146 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from 20 enterprises across 6 subcategories of the RPM industry.

Deletion of Pyruvate Carboxylase in Tubular Epithelial Cell Promotes Renal Fibrosis by Regulating SQOR/cGAS/STING-Mediated Glycolysis.

Renal fibrosis is a common pathway involved in the progression of various chronic kidney diseases to end-stage renal disease. Recent studies show that mitochondrial injury of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) is a crucial pathological foundation for renal fibrosis. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain unclear.

Discovery and mechanistic exploration of promiscuous xylosyltransferase based on protein engineering.

Glycosylation is an effective means to alter the structure and properties of plant compounds, influencing the pharmacological activity of natural products (NPs) to obtain highly active NPs. In nature, glucosides are the most widely distributed, while other glycosides such as xylosides are less common and present in lower quantities. This is due to the scarcity of xylosyltransferases with substrate promiscuity in nature, and the modification of their catalytic function is also quite challenging.

The reciprocal relationship between social exclusion and basic psychological needs through cross-lagged analysis.

Social exclusion has wide-ranging and detrimental effects. This study recruited 771 Chinese college students (Mage = 19.65 years, SDage = 1.

Effects of typical plant growth regulator chlormequat chloride on alkaloidal compounds in Corydalis yanhusuo and molecular mechanisms.

The effects of chlormequat chloride, a typical plant growth regulator, on the medicinal herb Corydalis yanhusuo were investigated. A standardized field experiment was conducted to investigate the molecular mechanisms and variations in active compounds resulting from chlormequat chloride treatment. Samples of C.

Testing cognitive normal for Alzheimer's disease prediction.

One standing challenge for Alzheimer's disease (AD) research is early diagnosis, which provides a time window for early intervention. Sharmin et al recently reported a positive association between plasma ptau181 and plasma metabolites, medium- and long-chain acylcarnitines (ACs) in both cognitively normal (CN) Aβ- and CN Aβ+ older adults, suggesting a link between initial Aβ pathology and acylcarnitine-mediated energy metabolism pathways. Consistently, ACs could classify PET-Aβ status in elderly individuals.

Functional connectivity induced by social cognition task predict individual differences in loneliness.

Loneliness is intricately connected to social cognition, yet the precise brain mechanisms that underscore their relationship need further exploration. The present study employed a theory of mind processing task that engaged participants in assessing the trajectories of geometric shapes while undergoing fMRI scans. The comprehensive data pool encompassed loneliness assessments and brain imaging data from a cohort of 157 participants.

Thgraphene with High Polysulfide Anchoring Ability and Catalytic Performance for Advanced Na-S Batteries: A First-Principles Study.

The sodium-sulfur (Na-S) batteries, with advantages such as high energy density, high specific capacity, and low cost, have attracted significant attention in the field of rechargeable batteries in recent years. However, their practical application still faces many challenges. In this study, we employ first-principles calculations to investigate the performance of a 2D carbon allotrope, thgraphene, as an anchoring material in Na-S batteries.

Impact of DPP-4 inhibitors on interleukin levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background And Objective: Accumulating evidence had implicated pathological involvement of interleukins (ILs) in progression and complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) produced favorable effects on glucose homeostasis in T2DM. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of DPP-4i on interleukins (ILs) concentrations in T2DM.

Comparative and phylogenetic analysis of the chloroplast genomes of four commonly used medicinal cultivars of Chrysanthemums morifolium.

'Boju' and 'Huaiju' are cultivars of the Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) in the family Asteraceae, valued for their medicinal, tea, and ornamental properties, and valued by individuals. However, the yield and quality of medicinal chrysanthemums are limited by the characteristics of the germplasm resources, including the identification at the varieties and cultivation levels.

Simultaneous targeting and suppression of heat shock protein 60 to overcome heat resistance and induce mitochondrial death of tumor cells in photothermal immunotherapy.

As the most aggressive and metastatic subtype of breast cancer, clinical demands of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) have far not been met. Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) is over expressed in tumor cells and impair the efficacy of photothermal therapy. In this work, a conjugate composed of self-designed peptide targeting HSP60 and gold nanorods was constructed, referred to as AuNR-P17.

A Novel Scale System Based on the Frailty Index and Laboratory Indicators for the Short-Term Prognosis of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: Current scoring systems for short-term prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) lack coverage of risk factors and have limitations in risk stratification. The aim of this study was to develop a novel assessment system based on laboratory indicators and frailty quantification to better infer short-term prognosis and risk indication in patients with AMI.

Methods: A total of 365 patients with MI from January 2022 to June 2023 in Northern Jiangsu Province Hospital were included.