Genome-Wide Characterization of Gibberellin Oxidase Genes () and Illustration of Their Molecular Responses to Exogenous GA in .

As key enzymes in the gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis pathway, GAoxs function as regulators of bioactive GA levels and plant architecture, yet little is understood about GAoxs in . In this study, 78 genes identified in four cotton species were divided into three subgroups: GA2ox, GA3ox, and GA20ox. Syntenic relationships of GAoxs in suggested that divergencies in gene function may be attributed to whole-genome duplication during evolution.

Thermally Conductive Naphthalene Epoxy Resin by Tailoring Flexible Chain Length and Liquid Crystal Structure.

Epoxy resin with high thermal conductivity (λ) are widely used in electronic packaging, bonding, and coating. However, those with high intrinsic λ, typically synthesized using biphenyl or aromatic rings extended by ester linkages as the mesogenic unit, often exhibit high liquid crystal transition temperatures and poor processability. In this study, a series of naphthalene-based liquid crystal epoxy monomers (LCE) were synthesized, using naphthalene as the mesogenic unit and modifying the flexible chain length on both sides.

Radiographic Characterization of Inferior Vena Cava and Its Reaction Following Filter Placement: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Objective: To classify the radiographic characterization of the inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter, as well as to quantitatively describe the dimensional alternations in response to variations in filter placement, using cross-sectional computer tomographic venography (CTV) imaging.

Methods: A single-center retrospective study was conducted on eligible patients who underwent CTV of IVC both before and after the placement of spindle-shaped filters, from September 2018 to June 2023. Baseline data, IVC diameter and orientation and -filter placement, IVC enlargement rate, and related complications were analyzed.

Proton Relay in Hydrogen-Bond Networks Promotes Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalysis.

Common O-/H-down orientation of HO molecules on electrocatalysts brings favorable OH/H delivery; however, adverse H/OH delivery in their dissociation process hampers the HO dissociation kinetics of the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). To overcome this challenge, we raised a synergetic HO dissociation concept of metal-supported electrocatalysts involving efficient OH delivery from O-down HO to the metal, timely proton relay from O-down HO on the metal to H-down HO on the support through the hydrogen-bond network, and prompt H delivery from H-down HO to the support. After theoretically profiling that a high work function difference between the metal and the support (ΔΦ) induces a strong electric field at the metal-support interface that increases hydrogen-bond connectivity to promote proton relay, we practiced this concept over cobalt phosphide-supported ruthenium (Ru/CoP) catalysts with a high ΔΦ = 0.

Deciphering the role of cuproptosis in the development of intimal hyperplasia in rat carotid arteries using single cell analysis and machine learning techniques.

Unlabelled: This study aims to explore the regulatory role of cuproptosis in carotid intimal hyperplasia (IH), providing new insights into its pathophysiological mechanisms and potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Methods: We downloaded single-cell sequencing and bulk transcriptome data from the GEO database to screen for copper-growth-associated genes (CAGs) using machine-learning algorithms, including Random Forest and Support Vector Machine. After identifying relevant genes, we verified CAGs expression in IH and control groups using a rat model of carotid balloon strain.

Functionalized Aluminum Nitride for Improving Hydrolysis Resistances of Highly Thermally Conductive Polysiloxane Composites.

A series of divinylphenyl-acryloyl chloride copolymers (PDVB-co-PACl) is synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization employing tert-butyl acrylate and divinylbenzene as monomers. PDVB-co-PACl is utilized to graft on the surface of spherical aluminum nitride (AlN) to prepare functionalized AlN (AlN@PDVB-co-PACl). Polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) is then used as the matrix to prepare thermally conductive AlN@PDVB-co-PACl/PMHS composites with AlN@PDVB-co-PACl as fillers through blending and curing.

The verification of the large dynamic range readout design for the charge detector of the very large area γ-rays space telescope.

As a successor to the DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE), the Very Large Area γ-rays Space Telescope (VLAST) is being designed to strengthen γ-ray observations and extend the cosmic ray nuclei measurements up to Zr (Z = 40) and even heavier ions. Consequently, a large dynamic range is required by the charge detector of VLAST to cover the measurements of cosmic ray particles from the proton to ultra-heavy ions. To achieve the requirements, a readout design based on the three dynodes signal extracted from the photomultiplier tube has been proposed.

Endovascular Coiling Combined With Tissue Glue Embolism to Treat 20 Cases of Iliac Arteriovenous Fistula Secondary to Deep Vein Thrombosis.

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the feasibility of endovascular coiling combined with tissue glue embolism for the treatment of iliac arteriovenous fistula (AVF) secondary to deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower extremities. In addition, we aim to summarize the treatment methods and enhance understanding of the disease.

Methods: This research analyzes the clinical data and medical imaging materials of 20 cases with iliac AVF secondary to lower extremity DVT, ranging from December 2014 to December 2020, at our hospital.

Copy Number Variations in Short Tandem Repeats Modulate Growth Traits in Penaeid Shrimp Through Neighboring Gene Regulation.

Penaeid shrimp, with its genomes enriched in short tandem repeats (STRs), presents an ideal model for studying the distribution and biological functions of STRs. In this study, we systematically identified and compared STRs across multiple species, confirming a significantly higher prevalence of STRs (26-32%) in penaeid shrimp, which is markedly higher than that observed in other species, such as mammals (1.3-2.

Dual-drug loaded chondroitin sulfate embolization beads enhance TACE therapy for HCC by integrating embolization, chemotherapy, and anti-angiogenesis.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major public health threat due to its high incidence and mortality rates. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), the primary treatment for intermediate-to-advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), commonly utilizes embolic agents loaded with anthracycline-based cytotoxic drugs. Post-TACE, the hypoxic microenvironment in the tumor induced by embolization stimulates the formation of new blood vessels, potentially leading to revascularization and diminishing TACE's efficacy.

Genomic selection strategies to overcome genotype by environment interactions in biosecurity-based aquaculture breeding programs.

Background: Family-based selective breeding programs typically employ both between-family and within-family selection in aquaculture. However, these programs may exhibit a reduced genetic gain in the presence of a genotype by environment interactions (G × E) when employing biosecurity-based breeding schemes (BS), compared to non-biosecurity-based breeding schemes (NBS). Fortunately, genomic selection shows promise in improving genetic gain by taking within-family variance into account.

Construction of Low-Crystallinity Three-Dimensional Flower-like Cobalt-Doped Nickel Hydroxide for High-Performance Nickel-Zinc Batteries.

The main limitations of aqueous nickel-zinc batteries are their relatively low energy density and short cycle life, which are inextricably linked to the limitations of nickel-based cathodes. In this study, a low-crystallinity flower-like cobalt-doped nickel hydroxide (α-Ni(OH)-0.2Co) is constructed by hydrothermal reaction and employed as high-energy-density cathode for aqueous rechargeable nickel-zinc batteries.

Through-Space Charge Transfer Dynamic Mechanism in V-Shaped Flexible Carbazole Aromatic Imides Dyads.

Cofacial electron donor-acceptor dyads exhibiting through-space charge-transfer (TSCT) characteristics are widely employed in the development of optoelectronic functional materials. The flexible molecular frameworks between the electron donor and acceptor components allow dynamic modulation of electronic coupling, influenced by excited-state structural relaxation or intermolecular interactions, thereby affecting the charge-transfer (CT) dynamics and the emission properties of TSCT states. In this work, we examine the TSCT dynamic processes of two electron donor-acceptor dyads, CzPhNI and CzPhPI formed by ortho-substitution of phenyl linkage with V-shaped flexible TSCT structures using carbazole as donor and naphthalimide or phthalimide as acceptor.

Liquid Crystal-Engineered Polydimethylsiloxane: Enhancing Intrinsic Thermal Conductivity through High Grafting Density of Mesogens.

The increasing power and integration of electronic devices have intensified serious heat accumulation, driving the demand for higher intrinsic thermal conductivity in thermal interface materials, such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Grafting mesogens onto PDMS can enhance its intrinsic thermal conductivity. However, the high stability of the PDMS chain limits the grafting density of mesogens, restricting the improvement in thermal conductivity.

Quantitative Genetics of Feed-Efficiency-Related Traits for the Pacific Whiteleg Shrimp in a Plant-Based Diet Environment.

Selecting shrimp strains that perform well on a plant-based diet holds promise for solving the fishmeal (FM) shortage issue, with genetic improvement of feed efficiency (FE) being a key focus. This study compared a plant-based (fishmeal-free) diet with a 25% FM diet for the Pacific whiteleg shrimp () to determine whether the FE-related traits, including residual feed intake (RFI), average daily weight gain (ADG), and daily feed intake (DFI), exhibit diet-specific genetic variations and genotype-by-diet (genotype × diet) interactions. Results showed that RFI was significantly higher under the plant-based diet treatment compared to the FM-based diet treatment (0.

SiCLAT: simultaneous imaging of chromatin loops and active transcription in living cells.

We present SiCLAT, which introduces a dCas9-dCas13d cassette into the mouse genome. This model enables the stable expression of both dCas9 and dCas13 proteins in diverse cell populations, facilitating concurrent labeling of DNA and RNA across various cell types. Using SiCLAT, we accurately labeled chromatin loop anchor interactions and associated gene transcription during myogenic differentiation.

Temperature-Robust Broadband Metamaterial Absorber via Semiconductor MOFs/Paraffin Hybridization.

The demand for temperature-robust electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials is escalating due to the varying operational temperatures of electronic devices, which can easily soar up to 100 °C, significantly affecting EMW interference management. Traditional absorbers face performance degradation across broad temperature ranges due to alterations in electronic mobility and material impedance. This study presented a novel approach by integrating semiconductor metal-organic frameworks (SC-MOFs) with paraffin wax (PW), leveraging the precise control of interlayer spacing in SC-MOFs for electron mobility regulation and the introduction of paraffin wax for temperature-inert electromagnetic properties.

Personalized neoantigen hydrogel vaccine combined with PD-1 and CTLA-4 double blockade elicits antitumor response in liver metastases by activating intratumoral CD8CD69 T cells.

Background: Liver metastasis is highly aggressive and immune tolerant, and lacks effective treatment strategies. This study aimed to develop a neoantigen hydrogel vaccine (NPT-gels) with high clinical feasibility and further investigate its efficacy and antitumor molecular mechanisms in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for the treatment of liver metastases.

Methods: The effects of liver metastasis on survival and intratumor T-cell subpopulation infiltration in patients with advanced tumors were investigated using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) database and immunofluorescence staining, respectively.

Tracing the source and behaviour of sulphate in karst reservoirs, using stable isotopes and Bayesian isotopic-mixing models.

Increases in sulphate concentrations in natural water bodies can lead to the deterioration of water quality. Human activities, such as coal mining and agricultural fertilisation, can generate sulphate, which can enter water bodies through surface runoff or underground pipelines. Owing to the widespread distribution of coal-bearing strata and an intensification of industrial and agricultural activities, the Pingzhai Reservoir is increasingly at risk of sulphate pollution.

Asymmetric Structural MXene/PBO Aerogels for High-Performance Electromagnetic Interference Shielding with Ultra-Low Reflection.

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with low electromagnetic (EM) waves reflection characteristics are ideal materials for blocking EM radiation and pollution. Materials with low reflectivity must be constructed using materials with excellent EM waves absorption properties. However, materials simultaneously possessing both low reflectivity and excellent EMI shielding performance remain scarce, consequently, multilayer structures need to be developed.

Global Profiling of Protein Lactylation in Human Hippocampi.

Purpose: The hippocampus has long been associated with cognition and memory function, the implications of lysine lactylation (Kla), a recently identified post-translational modification (PTM), in the role of the hippocampus remain largely unexplored.

Experimental Design: An LC-MS/MS bottom-up proteomics analysis of three human hippocampal tissue samples was applied to profile the lactylation map in human hippocampi under normal physiological conditions.

Results: We identified 2579 quantifiable Class I lactylated sites in 853 proteins, of which contained four types of modification motifs.

Photocatalytic Mechanisms of Organic Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Compounds.

Reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) has become possible by minimizing the energy gap between the first excited singlet (S) and triplet state (T), which facilitates the thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). Due to the small singlet-triplet energy gap, the S and T states exhibit comparable redox reactivity, leading organic TADF compounds to be potent photocatalysts. Here, we report such TADF compounds with multiple donor units designed as an efficient photocatalyst for the direct C(sp)-H carbamoylation of saturated aza-heterocycles.

Perfluoropolyether-terminated Single-ion Polymer for Enhancing Performance of PEO-based Solid Polymer Electrolyte.

Solid-state electrolytes are receiving increasing attention in lithium metal batteries due to the advantage of high energy density. Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) electrolyte possesses good compatibility with lithium salts. However, PEO suffers from a low lithium-ion transference number and poor high-voltage resistance, which significantly hinder its application in lithium metal batteries.

HSYA ameliorates venous thromboembolism by depleting the formation of TLR4/NF-κB pathway-dependent neutrophil extracellular traps.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), released by activated neutrophils, are implicated in various medical conditions, including venous thromboembolism (VTE). To develop effective therapeutic strategies for VTE, it is crucial to elucidate the mechanisms involved. In this study, we explored the role of NETs in VTE pathogenesis and assessed the impact of hydroxyl safflower yellow pigment A (HSYA) treatment on VTE pathogenesis.