Genomic, Molecular Evolution, and Expression Analysis of Genes Encoding Putative Classical AGPs, Lysine-Rich AGPs, and AG Peptides in .

Arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) belong to a class of Pro/Hyp-rich glycoproteins and are some of the most complex types of macromolecules found in plants. In the economically important plant species, , only chimeric AGPs have been identified to date. This has significantly limited our understanding of the functional roles of AGPs in this plant.

Molecular Evolution and Emergence of H5N6 Avian Influenza Virus in Central China.

H5N6 avian influenza virus (AIV) has posed a potential threat to public health since its emergence in China in 2013. To understand the evolution and emergence of H5N6 AIV in the avian population, we performed molecular surveillance of live poultry markets (LPMs) in Wugang Prefecture, Hunan Province, in central China, during 2014 and 2015. Wugang Prefecture is located on the Eastern Asian-Australian migratory bird flyway, and a human death due to an H5N6 virus was reported in the prefecture on 21 November 2016.

Palladium-catalyzed intramolecular reductive olefin hydrocarbonation: benzylic hydrogen serving as a new hydrogen donor.

A palladium-catalyzed intramolecular hydrocarbonation of unactivated alkenes was achieved, in which toluene is used as a hydrogen donor for the first time. The radical transfer hydrogenation is designed and realized based on the Bond Dissociation Energy (BDE) value. A toluene derivative, which is cheap, readily available and easy to handle, serves as a new hydrogen donor in radical involved reactions, providing a novel and promising perspective for future reductive reactions.

A new fluorescent probe for colorimetric and ratiometric detection of sulfur dioxide derivatives in liver cancer cells.

A new ratiometric fluorescent probe was constructed with hemicyanine and 7-nitrobenzofurazan for detection of sulfur dioxide derivatives (HSO/SO). The ratiometric response mode could be attributed to the efficient FRET (Förster resonance energy transfer) platform. The probe exbihited some desirable properties including fast response (within 2 minutes), good selectivity and high sensitivity.

[Management for lymphatic malformation in infants: a single center experience].

Objective: To assess the therapeutic effect of management for lymphatic malformation (LM) in infants.

Methods: This retrospective study recruited clinical data of 996 patients with LM from June 2004 to July 2015 in our center. All patients were diagnosed as LM after ultrasound, CT or MR scan.

Stenoses in the surgically manipulated segment have better angioplasty response compared to the surgically naive segment in fistulas.

Purpose: Balloon angioplasty is the standard treatment for dysfunctional hemodialysis fistulas, but angioplasty response of stenotic lesions located in different segments of the dialysis circuit has not been explicitly evaluated. The purpose of this study is to describe the distribution of stenotic lesions in the most common types of arteriovenous fistulas and to investigate the response to balloon angioplasty of stenotic lesions located in various segments of the fistula circuit.

Materials And Methods: This single-center, retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board.

The clinical use of the platelet/lymphocyte ratio and lymphocyte/monocyte ratio as prognostic predictors in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis.

Background: Conflicting evidence exists regarding the effects of platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocyte/monocyte ratio(LMR) on the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. This study aimed to evaluate the roles of the PLR and LMR in predicting the prognosis of CRC patients via meta-analysis.

Methods: Eligible studies were retrieved from the PubMed, Embase,andChina National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases, supplemented by a manual search of references from retrieved articles.

Epitaxial Growth of Aligned and Continuous Carbon Nanofibers from Carbon Nanotubes.

Exploiting the superior properties of nanomaterials at macroscopic scale is a key issue of nanoscience. Different from the integration strategy, "additive synthesis" of macroscopic structures from nanomaterial templates may be a promising choice. In this paper, we report the epitaxial growth of aligned, continuous, and catalyst-free carbon nanofiber thin films from carbon nanotube films.

M Gene Reassortment in H9N2 Influenza Virus Promotes Early Infection and Replication: Contribution to Rising Virus Prevalence in Chickens in China.

Segment reassortment and base mutagenesis of influenza A viruses are the primary routes to the rapid evolution of high-fitness virus genotypes. We recently described a predominant G57 genotype of avian H9N2 viruses that caused countrywide outbreaks in chickens in China during 2010 to 2013, which led to the zoonotic emergence of H7N9 viruses. One of the key features of the G57 genotype is the replacement of the earlier A/chicken/Beijing/1/1994 (BJ/94)-like M gene with the A/quail/Hong Kong/G1/1997 (G1)-like M gene of quail origin.

Genetic properties and pathogenicity of a novel reassortant H10N5 influenza virus from wild birds.

In this study, we analyzed the genome of a H10N5 influenza virus from wild birds. This virus was identified as a novel reassortant virus with internal genes from multiple subtypes and of distinct origins. After sequential passage in mice, mouse-adapted viruses bearing mutations PB2-E627K and HA-G218E were generated.

Characterization of particle number size distribution and new particle formation in Southern China.

Knowledge of particle number size distribution (PND) and new particle formation (NPF) events in Southern China is essential for mitigation strategies related to submicron particles and their effects on regional air quality, haze, and human health. In this study, seven field measurement campaigns were conducted from December 2013 to May 2015 using a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) at four sites in Southern China, including three urban sites and one background site. Particles were measured in the size range of 15-615nm, and the median particle number concentrations (PNCs) were found to vary in the range of 0.

Treatment of Unilateral Lambdoid Synostosis Using Cranium Distraction Osteogenesis With Z-shaped Osteotomy.

Purpose: We studied the effect of cranium distraction osteogenesis using Z-shaped osteotomy to treat unilateral lambdoid synostosis.

Methods: Simulating the occipital, parietal, and temporal bones as a hemisphere, we designed a lambdoid suture that connected parallel osteotomy and sagittal sutures or extended to fossa cranii posterioras much like the parallel lines connect the upper and lower aspects of the letter Z. Two to 3 distraction devices were then installed after the Z-shaped osteotomy suture.

Association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene-gene interaction and haplotype with susceptibility to acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Chinese children.

The aim of this study was to investigate the association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphism and additional gene-gene interaction with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) risk. Logistic regression was performed to investigate the association between two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within MTHFR gene and ALL risk and additional gene-gene interaction between rs1801133 and rs1801131. The minor allele of rs1801133 and rs1801131 is associated with decreased ALL risk, OR (95% CI) were 0.

Palladium-Catalyzed Cyclization-Heck Reaction of Allenamides: An Approach to 3-Methylene-5-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridine Derivatives.

An efficient one-pot construction of functionalized 3-methylene-5-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridine derivatives via palladium-catalyzed cyclization-Heck reaction of allenamides has been described. The 3-methylene-5-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridine derivatives feature a nonconjugated diene, including one endo-enamine and one exocyclic double bond, which could be used for further transformation. Both aryl and vinyl halides performed very well under the standard conditions, delivering the corresponding products efficiently.

Synthesis, characterization, solubilization, cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity of aminomethylated dihydroquercetin.

A dihydroquercetin derivative (DHQA) was prepared through aminomethylation to overcome the low water solubility and bioavailability of dihydroquercetin (DHQ). DHQA was characterized through HPLC, nuclear magnetic resonance, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analyses. DHQA was converted into the amorphous form, but the major structure of DHQ remained unchanged.

The evolution of microRNAs in plants.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a central player in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression and are involved in numerous biological processes in eukaryotes. Knowledge of the origins and divergence of miRNAs paves the way for a better understanding of the complexity of the regulatory networks that they participate in. The biogenesis, degradation, and regulatory activities of miRNAs are relatively better understood, but the evolutionary history of miRNAs still needs more exploration.

Internal Distraction Osteogenesis With Piezosurgery Oblique Osteotomy of Supraorbital Margin of Frontal Bone for the Treatment of Unilateral Coronal Synostosis.

Purpose: To assess the utility of internal distraction osteogenesis with Piezosurgery oblique osteotomy of supraorbital margin of frontal bone for the treatment of unilateral coronal synostosis and to study the outcome and complications of this procedure. Oblique osteotomy allows for entry into the cranial cavity, and along with parallel cut to the roof of the orbit, avoids the need to cut into the orbit which forms the frontal flap.

Methods: Oblique osteotomy was performed along the supraorbital rim to do a frontal suture of the glabella (ages of patients were less than 1 year) or on the opposite side of the supraorbital rim (ages of patients were older than 1 year) after performing a suturectomy of the effected coronal suture.

Early Postnatal NT-3 Gene Delivery Enhances Hearing Acquisition in the Developmental Period.

Objectives/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of early postnatal neurotrophin-3 (NT3) support on hearing acquisition.

Study Design: A prospective experimental animal study.

Methods: Adenoviral (Ad) vectors expressing green fluorescence protein (GFP) alone or in combination with NT3 were injected into the scala tympani through the round window of 5-postnatal-day-old (P5) rats.

A multifunctional material of two-dimensional g-CN/graphene bilayer.

Using first-principles calculations, we present a multifunctional material of g-CN/graphene bilayer with great potentials in the field of spintronics and photocatalysis. In g-CN/graphene bilayer, N atoms create localized spin polarization and p-doped graphene shows high charge carrier density, which makes this nanocomposite a perfect candidate for spintronic applications. Meanwhile, the charge redistribution occurred between the two layers also facilitates the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs.

Visualization analysis of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology studies.

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system is an adaptive immune defense system that resists the invasion of viruses and plasmids heterologous genetic material in bacteria and archaea. Taking the literature related to gene editing technology of CRISPR/Cas9 from the Web of Science database from 2002 to 2015, we use the software CiteSpaceV to analyze co-cited literature in order to establish the research hotspots and fronts recently in this field by knowledge mapping.

MBD3 mediates epigenetic regulation on EPAS1 promoter in cancer.

Hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF2α) plays critical roles in cancer progression. Although the mechanisms of HIF2α translation and degradation have been well studied, the mechanism for HIF2α regulation at transcriptional level is still not fully understood. Here, we present evidence that DNA methylation in promoter contributes to transcription of EPAS1 coding HIF2α.

Monte Carlo Study of Degenerate Behavior of AB Diblock Copolymer/Nanoparticle under Cylindrical Confinement.

Degenerate behavior (i.e., forming different self-assembled structures for a given block copolymer (BCP) under the same confinement) commonly exists in various confined systems.

MICAL1 controls cell invasive phenotype via regulating oxidative stress in breast cancer cells.

Background: Molecules Interacting with CasL (MICAL1), a multidomain flavoprotein monoxygenase, is strongly involved in the mechanisms that promote cancer cell proliferation and survival. Activation of MICAL1 causes an up-regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HeLa cells. ROS can function as a signaling molecule that modulates protein phosphorylation, leading to malignant phenotypes of cancer cells such as invasion and metastasis.