Transition Metal-Catalyzed Nitrogen Atom Insertion into Carbocycles.

Conspectus-Heterocycles are essential in pharmaceutical engineering, materials science, and synthetic chemistry. Recently, skeletal editing, which involves making specific point changes to the core of a molecule through single-atom insertion, deletion, or transmutation, has gained attention for its potential to modify complex substrates. In this context, the insertion of nitrogen atoms into carbocycles to form -heterocycles has emerged as a significant research focus in modern synthetic chemistry owing to its novel synthetic logic.

Relationship of comprehensive dietary antioxidant index and hypothyroidism risk: evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2007-2012.

Background: Hypothyroidism is a common thyroid disease affecting the health of the global population and oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in the pathophysiological process of hypothyroidism. Comprehensive dietary antioxidant index (CDAI), representing the overall dietary antioxidant capacity, has been proved to be associated with a variety of diseases. However, association between CDAI and hypothyroidism risk remains unclear.

The quality and reliability of online video resources concerning patient education for migraine treatment in China Mainland: an electronic media-based study.

Background: Migraine is an extremely prevalent and disabling primary neurological disease worldwide. Although multiple forms of patient education for migraine management have been employed in the past decades, the quality and reliability of headache-related online videos targeting migraine patients remained unclear, particularly those in China. Therefore, in this study, our research team aimed to explore the overall quality and credibility of online videos concerning patient education on migraine treatment in China Mainland.

Machine learning-based bulk RNA analysis reveals a prognostic signature of 13 cell death patterns and potential therapeutic target of SMAD3 in acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Dysregulation or abnormality of the programmed cell death (PCD) pathway is closely related to the occurrence and development of many tumors, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Studying the abnormal characteristics of PCD pathway-related molecular markers can provide a basis for prognosis prediction and targeted drug design in AML patients.

Methods: A total of 1394 genes representing 13 different PCD pathways were examined in AML patients and healthy donors.

Association between triglyceride-glucose index and all-cause mortality in critically ill patients with acute myocardial infarction: analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.

Background: Currently, the clinical evidence regarding the prognostic significance of the TyG index in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients remains unclear. Our research analyzed the correlation between the TyG index and the risk of mortality in patients with AMI, in order to evaluate the influence of the TyG index on the prognosis of this population.

Methods: 1205 ICU patients with AMI were analyzed in this retrospective cohort analysis, and the necessary data were obtained from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database.

Frailty and social contact with dementia risk: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Frailty and social contact are significant factors influencing dementia risk. While previous studies have separately examined these factors, their combined impact on dementia remains underexplored.

Methods: This study included 338,567 UK biobank participants from 2006 to 2010, with follow-up until December 2022.

Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Regioselective Coupling between Azoles and Arylcyclobutenes.

Herein, we describe a protocol for Brønsted acid-catalyzed regioselective coupling of azoles such as pyrazoles, 1,2,3-triazole, 1,3,4-triazole, benzotriazole, indazole and tetrazole, to cyclobutenes. These azoles could be directly coupled with various arylcyclobutenes with high site-selectivity, offering a distinct entry to more functionalized cyclobutanes. The usage of inexpensive TsOH ⋅ HO catalyst, broad substrate scope, and open-air conditions make this protocol practically viable.

Bidirectional effect modifications of temperature and PM on myocardial infarction morbidity and mortality in Beijing, China from 2007 to 2021.

Background: Ambient temperatures and PM can trigger myocardial infarction (MI), while little is known about the complex interplay between these two factors on MI, especially morbidity.

Objectives: To investigate bidirectional effect modifications of temperature and PM on MI morbidity and mortality.

Methods: A time-stratified case-crossover study was conducted utilizing high-resolution data of temperature and PM, along with 498,077 MI cases from the citywide registry in Beijing, China from 2007 to 2021.

Novel gene mutation associated with central precocious puberty in a Chinese child: a case report.

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the clinical presentation and underlying genetic etiology of a Chinese child diagnosed with idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP).

Methods: Clinical data from a pediatric patient with ICPP, including medical history, physical examination findings, laboratory results, and imaging studies, were collected and analyzed. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify potential pathogenic genetic variants underlying the patient's ICPP.

Prediction of prognosis in patients with cerebral contusions based on machine learning.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global issue and a major cause of patient mortality, and cerebral contusions (CCs) is a common primary TBI. The haemorrhagic progression of a contusion (HPC) poses a significant risk to patients' lives, and effectively predicting changes in haematoma volume is an urgent clinical challenge that needs to be addressed. As a branch of artificial intelligence, machine learning (ML) can proficiently handle a wide range of complex data and identify connections between data for tasks such as prediction and decision making.

Research advancements in the association between prevalent trace metals and connective tissue diseases.

Connective tissue diseases (CTD) encompass a spectrum of autoimmune disorders, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Sjogren's syndrome (SS), inflammatory myopathy (IIM), systemic sclerosis (SSc), among others. Recent research has highlighted the significant role of trace metals in the pathogenesis of connective tissue diseases. This article provides an overview of recent advancements in understanding the correlation between common trace metals such as iron, copper, zinc and CTD, aiming to offer novel insights for the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions.

MusicARLtrans Net: a multimodal agent interactive music education system driven via reinforcement learning.

Introduction: In recent years, with the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, the field of music education has begun to explore new teaching models. Traditional music education research methods have primarily focused on single-modal studies such as note recognition and instrument performance techniques, often overlooking the importance of multimodal data integration and interactive teaching. Existing methods often struggle with handling multimodal data effectively, unable to fully utilize visual, auditory, and textual information for comprehensive analysis, which limits the effectiveness of teaching.

Antibiotic Prescribing Decisions for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Among Primary Healthcare Physicians in China: A Mixed-Methods Approach Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior.

In China, primary healthcare (PHC) facilities have high antibiotic prescribing rates for upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), which are primarily viral and self-limited. This study aimed to identify the main factors influencing PHC physicians' antibiotic decisions for URITs based on the theory of planned behavior. A convergent mixed-methods study was conducted at 30 PHC facilities across Shaanxi Province, China.

Comparison of remimazolam and propofol on postoperative subjective quality of recovery in patients undergoing general anesthesia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: Remimazolam, a recently approved drug for surgical sedation and general anesthesia, has been compared with propofol in previous studies regarding its efficacy as a general anesthetic. However, the question of whether remimazolam demonstrates non-inferiority to propofol in postoperative subjective quality of recovery (QoR) among patients under general anesthesia has not been definitively answered.

Evidence Acquisition: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched for all published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the efficacy of remimazolam and propofol.

Effects of a coal to clean heating policy on acute myocardial infarction in Beijing: a difference-in-differences analysis.

Background: In 2015, the Chinese Government launched the coal to clean heating policy (CHP), designed to improve air quality and health in China. The CHP banned household coal burning and provided subsidies for clean electric or gas-powered heating for millions of peri-urban and rural households. We aimed to investigate whether the CHP affected the incidence of acute myocardial infarction in Beijing townships.

Activation of the CCL22/CCR4 causing EMT process remodeling under EZH2-mediated epigenetic regulation in cervical carcinoma.

Cervical cancer (CC) is an important public health problem for women, gene expression patterns which were governed by epigenetic modifications can result in CC, CC-chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) interacts with C-C-motif ligand 22 (CCL22) is associated with tumor progression or metastasis. A previous study by the present authors revealed the levels of chemokine CCL22 and its receptor CCR4 are increased in CC tissues, nevertheless, the regulatory mechanisms governing its expression remain poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate the potential role of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2)-induced epigenetic activation of CCL22/CCR4 and caused epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) remodeling in CC.

A novel bio-based ferric flame retardant effectively improving the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of polylactic acid.

PTDF is prepared by a convenient ionic reaction of phytic acid, terephthalic dihydrazide and iron salts in water. It is a new type of high efficiency flame retardant. PTDF has high phosphorus and nitrogen content and good thermal stability, which can effectively improve the flame retardancy of PLA.

Primary Healthcare Physicians' Insufficient Knowledge Is Associated with Antibiotic Overprescribing for Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in China: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objectives: Overuse of antibiotics in healthcare remains prevalent and requires urgent attention in China, particularly in primary healthcare (PHC) facilities. This study aimed to describe the patterns of antibiotic prescriptions for acute upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) in PHC facilities in China and to investigate how PHC physicians' knowledge influences their antibiotic prescribing behavior.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey linking physician questionnaire responses and their prescription data was conducted in Shaanxi Province, China.

Key factors in epidemiological exposure and insights for environmental management: Evidence from meta-analysis.

In recent years, the precision of exposure assessment methods has been rapidly improved and more widely adopted in epidemiological studies. However, such methodological advancement has introduced additional heterogeneity among studies. The precision of exposure assessment has become a potential confounding factors in meta-analyses, whose impacts on effect calculation remain unclear.