Rapid generation of birefringent nanostructures by spatially and energy manipulated femtosecond lasers for ultra-high speed 5D optical recording exceeding MB/s.

In the current era of data explosion, developing a data storage method that combines longevity, large capacity, and fast read/writing capabilities has become imperative. A promising approach is the nanogratings-based 5D optical data storage, which is realized by femtosecond lasers processing of silica glass, with its extremely long storage lifetime and high-density storage capabilities. However, a significant limitation of nanogratings is that their formation relies on in-situ irradiation with tens to hundreds of femtosecond laser pulses.

Changes in soil fertility under partial organic substitution of chemical fertilizer: a 33-year trial.

Background: This study examined the changes in soil fertility in a maize cropping area when chemical fertilizer was partially replaced with straw or livestock manure over a 33-year period. Four treatments were included: (i) CK (no fertilizer application); (ii) NPK (only chemical fertilizer application); (iii) NPKM (chemical fertilizer partly replaced with livestock manure); (iv) NPKS (chemical fertilizer partly replaced with straw).

Results: Soil organic carbon increased by 41.

Study on the photocatalytic properties differences between the 1-D and 3-D WO particles.

The morphology of WO catalysts has a significant effect on their photocatalytic performance. Herein, we successfully prepared two commonly used WO photocatalysts just by changing the reaction temperature in the hydrothermal system, namely 1-D WO nanowires (1-D WO) and 3-D urchin-like WO particles (3-D WO), and evaluated the difference of their photocatalytic performances by taking the degradation of methylene blue (MB) as an example. Remarkably, 3-D WO exhibited an impressive photocatalytic degradation performance towards MB with photocatalytic reaction rates of 0.

Soil mineral nitrogen regulation by a novel porous material in structurally degraded soils.

Background: The availability of soil nitrogen (N) decreases as the structure of agricultural soils degrades. Traditional methods focus on organic amendments that indirectly affect the porosity and N content of soil. Due to the low efficiency of such amendments, new materials, particularly highly porous materials, are needed to improve the quality of soil, which has opened new directions.

In Situ Femtosecond-Laser-Induced Fluorophores on Surface of Polyvinyl Alcohol for HO/Co Sensing and Data Security.

In situ fluorophores were induced on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) bulk materials by direct femtosecond laser writing. The generation of fluorophores was ascribed to localized laser-assisted carbonization. The carbonization of PVA polymers was confirmed through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis.

Anisotropic nanostructure generated by a spatial-temporal manipulated picosecond pulse for multidimensional optical data storage.

Anisotropic nanostructures can be generated in fused silica glass by manipulating the spatiotemporal properties of a picosecond pulse. This phenomenon is attributed to laser-induced interband self-trapped excitons. The anisotropic structures exhibit birefringent properties, and thus can be employed for multi-dimensional optical data storage applications.

Flexible four-dimensional optical data storage enabled by single-pulse femtosecond laser irradiation in thermoplastic polyurethane.

Herein, a flexible four-dimensional optical data storage technique is demonstrated by harnessing ultrafast laser-induced fluorophores in thermoplastic polyurethane. By modulating the pulse energy of a 515 nm laser, data voxels with multilevel fluorescence signals can be generated and encoded. The readout accuracy of the encoded multilayer information remains at 92.

Effects of boric acid on urea-N transformation and 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate efficiency.

Background: 3,4-Dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) is a nitrification inhibitor which can restrict nitrate (NO ) production. Boric acid is a substance which inhibits urease activity. However, few studies have focused on the inhibitory effect of boric acid on urea hydrolysis and the possible synergistic effect with DMPP.

Eclalbasaponin I from Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem. reduces oxidative stress-induced neural cell death by autophagy activation.

Oxidative stress has been proposed to contribute to DNA damage and is involved in many neurodegenerative diseases. It has been reported that Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem.