Botulinum Toxin Type-A for the Treatment of Excessive Gingival Display on Smiling.

Aim And Objective: To determine the effect of botulinum toxin type-A (BTX-A) in reducing gummy smile.

Materials And Methods: This was an interventional case series conducted at a tertiary care setting in Mangaluru, Karnataka, India. Twenty patients with the gingival display of >3 mm were selected through convenience sampling technique.

Comparison of Shear Bond Strength of New Self-etching Primer with Conventional Self-etching Primers: An In-vitro Study.

Background: In the past few years, there has been a major research drive to increase bond strength between dental materials and dental hard tissue and to reduce the associated demineralization around fixed orthodontic appliances. Thus, a recent approach is to incorporate an antibacterial agent into the primer to reduce the demineralization and enhance bond strength. The objective of this study was: (1) To evaluate the shear bond strength of orthodontic preadjusted edgewise appliance brackets bonded to extracted premolar teeth with antimicrobial self-etch primer (Reliance self-etching primer, Clearfil Protect Bond) and self-etching primer without antimicrobial agent (Clearfil SE bond).