Direct immobilization of functional proteins on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) affects their structure and function. Changes may vary widely and range from strong inhibition to the enhancement of protein function. More often though the outcome of direct protein immobilization results in protein misfolding and the loss of protein activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground. The coexistence of neoplasm and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) presents a real management challenge. This paper reviews the literature on the prevalence, diagnosis, and management dilemmas of concurrent visceral malignancy and abdominal aortic aneurysm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGraphical methods are becoming increasingly used to monitor adverse outcomes from surgical interventions. However, uptake of such methods has largely been in the area of cardiothoracic surgery or in transplants with relatively little impact made in surgical oncology. A number of the more commonly used graphical methods including the Cumulative Mortality plot, Variable Life-Adjusted Display, Cumulative Sum (CUSUM) and funnel plots will be described.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The reorganisation of cancer services in England will result in the creation of specialist high volume cancer surgery centres. Studies have suggested a relationship between increasing surgical volume and improved outcomes in urological pelvic cancer surgery, although to date, they have pre-defined the definition of "high" and "low" volume surgeons.
Aim: To derive the minimum caseload a surgeon requires to achieve optimum outcomes and to examine the effect of the operating centre size upon individual surgeon's outcomes.
Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg
September 2006
Background: Studies have shown correlation between operative workload and mortality for major operations. Is there a threshold for case volume that predicts an acceptable mortality for abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery?
Methods: Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) Data for England between 1997-2002 was analysed using ICD-10 codes I71.x and OPCS-4 codes L16.
Objective: To define 'high-' and 'low-' volume hospitals for radical cystectomy, and the minimum caseload required for a hospital to achieve optimum outcomes, as a relationship between increasing surgical case volume and improved outcomes in radical urological surgery has been suggested in recent North American studies.
Methods: All cystectomies for urological cancer in England over 5 years were analysed from Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) data. The data were analysed statistically to describe the relationship between each hospital's annual case volume and two outcome measures: in-hospital mortality rate (MR) and hospital stay.
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