Gut bacteria Prevotellaceae related lithocholic acid metabolism promotes colonic inflammation.

Background: The conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids by the gut microbiota has been implicated in colonic inflammation. This study investigated the role of gut microbiota related bile acid metabolism in colonic inflammation in both patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and a murine model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis.

Methods: Bile acids in fecal samples from patients with IBD and DSS-induced colitis mice, with and without antibiotic treatment, were analyzed using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS).

Fine-Grained Temporal Site Monitoring in EGD Streams Via Visual Time-Aware Embedding and Vision-Text Asymmetric Coworking.

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) requires inspecting plentiful upper gastrointestinal (UGI) sites completely for a precise cancer screening. Automated temporal site monitoring for EGD assistance is thus of high demand, yet often fails if directly applying the existing methods of online action detection. The key challenges are two- fold: 1) the global camera motion dominates, invalidating the temporal patterns derived from the object optical flows, and 2) the UGI sites are fine-grained, yielding highly homogenized appearances.

Videos in Short-Video Sharing Platforms as Sources of Information on Colorectal Polyps: Cross-Sectional Content Analysis Study.

Background: Short videos have demonstrated huge potential in disseminating health information in recent years. However, to our knowledge, no study has examined information about colorectal polyps on short-video sharing platforms.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the content and quality of colorectal polyps-related videos on short-video sharing platforms.

N6-methyladenosine methylation regulates the tumor microenvironment of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer.

Background: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation modification exists in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) primary infection, latency, and lytic reactivation. It also modifies EBV latent genes and lytic genes. EBV-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) is a distinctive molecular subtype of GC.

Risk factors for inadequate bowel preparation before colonoscopy: A meta-analysis.

Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively explore the risk factors for inadequate bowel preparation (IBP).

Methods: We searched the Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library databases up to August 24, 2023, to identify observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined risk factors for IBP. A random effects model was used to pool the adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.

Role of autoantibodies in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome: a review.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic, recurrent disorder that is characterized by abdominal pain associated with defecation. IBS was previously considered to manifest without any structural alterations until the discovery of post-infection IBS. An increasing body of published evidence indicates that immune activation plays an important role in the development of IBS.

Development and validation of a three-dimensional deep learning-based system for assessing bowel preparation on colonoscopy video.

Background: The performance of existing image-based training models in evaluating bowel preparation on colonoscopy videos was relatively low, and only a few models used external data to prove their generalization. Therefore, this study attempted to develop a more precise and stable AI system for assessing bowel preparation of colonoscopy video.

Methods: We proposed a system named ViENDO to assess the bowel preparation quality, including two CNNs.

Role of macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition in chronic liver injury and liver fibrosis.

Background: Chronic liver injury contributes to liver fibrosis, which is characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. ECM is mainly composed of myofibroblasts. Recently, macrophage-to-myofibroblasts transition (MMT), has been identified as a novel origin for myofibroblasts.

Global research trends and hotspots of Helicobacter pylori eradication based on clinical trial registration platforms: A cross-sectional analysis.

Background: This study aimed to obtain an overview of clinical trials on Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication and analyze the global trends and hotspots in this field.

Methods: We collected the data from clinical trials focused on H.

Kuijie decoction ameliorates ulcerative colitis by affecting intestinal barrier functions, gut microbiota, metabolic pathways and Treg/Th17 balance in mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Currently, the clinical treatment is limited and difficult to achieve satisfactory results for ulcerative colitis (UC). The role of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of UC is very complex. Kuijie decoction (KJD) as a classic TCM, is widely used in the clinical treatment of UC, but the mechanism of its action is still unclear.

Gastric xanthelasma is a warning sign for infection, atrophic gastritis, and intestinal metaplasia.

Background: Contradictory evidence suggested gastric xanthelasma (GX) was associated with some upper gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. Additionally, no research has been performed on the relationship between esophageal/duodenal xanthelasma and upper GI diseases.

Methods: Individuals who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, participated in this retrospective study.

Multidimensional Internet Use, Social Participation, and Depression Among Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Individuals: Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: There is growing evidence that the internet has beneficial effects on the mental health of middle-aged and older people (≥45 years), but the evidence is inconclusive, and the underlying mechanisms are less known.

Objective: This study aims to explore the relationship between multidimensional (devices, frequency, and purpose) internet use and depression in middle-aged and elderly Chinese, as well as the mediating effect of social participation. Moreover, this study will explore the moderating effect of the regional informatization development level (RIDL) on the relationships between individual internet use, social participation, and depression.

Combined immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: How to maximize immune checkpoint blockade synergic anti-tumor effect.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent form of liver cancer and has an increasing incidence worldwide. The management of HCC still has many restrictions, despite the fact that there are now numerous treatment options, including liver transplantation/resection, locoregional treatments (LRT), and systemic medication. As a turning point in the history of cancer treatment, the discovery of the immune checkpoints and the development of their inhibitors provide new hope for HCC patients.

Downregulation of KIAA1199 alleviated the activation, proliferation, and migration of hepatic stellate cells by the inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

KIAA1199, a major glycosaminoglycan component of the extracellular matrix, was reported to induce a fibrosis-like process. However, the relationship between KIAA1199 and liver fibrosis remains unclear. The liver fibrosis mouse model was established with carbon tetrachloride (CCl).

Determination of an Appropriate Endoscopic Monitoring Interval for Patients with Gastric Precancerous Conditions in China.

Objective: Gastric precancerous conditions such as atrophic gastritis (AG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM) are considered independent risk factors for gastric cancer (GC). The suitable endoscopic monitoring interval is unclear when we attempt to prevent GC development. This study investigated the appropriate monitoring interval for AG/IM patients.

Relationship between endoscopic gastric abnormalities and colorectal polyps: a cross-sectional study based on 33439 Chinese patients.

No study on the relationship between common abnormalities of the upper digestive tract and colorectal polyps (CPs) has been conducted. 33439 patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study, of which 7700 had available () information. All participants underwent colonoscopy and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) simultaneously or within six months at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 2015 to November 2021.

Impact of body size on efficacy of high-dose dual therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication.

Background: High-dose dual therapy (HDDT) is an emerging and promising therapeutic regime for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication. However, the pharmacokinetics of the components of HDDT, amoxicillin and proton pump inhibitor, are likely to be affected by body size.

Hypertriglyceridemia may contribute to stroke and pancreatitis: A case report and review of the literature.

Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is one of the most common clinical dyslipidemia. Nevertheless, stroke and acute pancreatitis co-occurrence due to hypertriglyceridemia are extremely rare. We present a case of hypertriglyceridemia-associated stroke and pancreatitis in a 39-year-old woman.

Hepatic HRC induces hepatocyte pyroptosis and HSCs activation via NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway.

The histidine-rich calcium-binding protein (HRC) is a regulator of Ca2 + homeostasis and it plays a significant role in liver fibrosis. Pyroptosis, a specific inflammatory cell death, can lead to hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation and liver fibrosis. However, the role of HRC in pyroptosis has not been explored.

Improving the quality of bowel preparation by smartphone education platform prior to colonoscopy: a randomized trail.

Objective: Adequate bowel preparation is an essential factor in colonoscopy. Enhanced education on the procedure of bowel preparation is very necessary for patients before colonoscopy. We analysed the influence of a novel education platform on bowel preparation quality before colonoscopy.

The Pathway of China's Integrated Delivery System: Based on the Analysis of the Medical Consortium Policies.

With the deepening of China's health-care reform, an integrated delivery system has gradually emerged with the function of improving the efficiency of the health-care delivery system. For China's integrated delivery system, a medical consortium plays an important role in integrating public hospitals and primary care facilities. The first medical consortium policy issued after the COVID-19 pandemic apparently placed hope on accelerating the implementation of a medical consortium and tiered health-care delivery system.

Epstein-Barr Virus is Associated with Gastric Cancer Precursor: Atrophic Gastritis.

About 10% of gastric cancer (GC) has been described to be Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive. Previous researches have described the association between EBV and GC. However, the association of EBV with atrophic gastritis (AG) is underrecognized.

NSAID-Associated Small Intestinal Injury: An Overview From Animal Model Development to Pathogenesis, Treatment, and Prevention.

With the wide application of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), their gastrointestinal side effects are an urgent health burden. There are currently sound preventive measures for upper gastrointestinal injury, however, there is a lack of effective defense against lower gastrointestinal damage. According to a large number of previous animal experiments, a variety of NSAIDs have been demonstrated to induce small intestinal mucosal injury .

HRC promotes anoikis resistance and metastasis by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Histidine-rich calcium binding protein (HRC) is markedly overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is significantly correlated with metastasis. Anoikis resistance and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress may have a critical effect on survival before metastasis. However, the potential functions of HRC in anoikis resistance in HCC remain unknown.