Gold(I)-Catalyzed 6-- Hydroamination/7-- Cycloisomerization Domino Approach to 3,7-Diazacyclohepta[]fluorene Derivatives.

A series of 3,7-diazacyclohepta[]fluorene derivatives were synthesized via a gold(I)-catalyzed 6-- hydroamination/7-- cycloisomerization domino method. The method exhibits a broad substrate scope, and a plausible mechanism has been proposed. The efficacy of this strategy is further validated by the successful derivatization of 3,7-diazacyclohepta[]fluorene.

Adipose stem cells regulate lipid metabolism by upregulating mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation in macrophages to improve the retention rate of transplanted fat.

Background: At present, fat transplantation is widely used in the plastic surgery industry, but the long-term preservation rate of transplanted fat decreases because of complications such as oil cysts due to the inability in macrophages to metabolize absorption. In cell-assisted lipotransfer technology, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) can influence the inflammatory response of grafts through the immunoregulation in macrophages, and the lipid metabolism in macrophages plays an important role in this process. Therefore, we hypothesized ASCs could improve the retention rate of fat grafts by regulating the progress of lipid metabolism in macrophages.

The impact of infection on low skeletal muscle mass risk in Chinese women over 40: a cross-sectional analysis.

Background: Sarcopenia can lead to significant personal, social, and economic burdens. The diagnosis of sarcopenia heavily relies on the identification of Low Skeletal Muscle Mass (LSMM), which is an independent predictor of frailty, disability, and increased risk of death among seniors. Women have physiologically lower levels of skeletal muscle mass than men, and female sarcopenia appears to be more influenced by menopause.

Gold(I)-Catalyzed Substitution-Controlled Syntheses of Spiro[indoline-3,3-pyrrolidine] and Spiro[indoline-3,3-piperidine] Derivatives.

Spiro[indoline-3,3-pyrrolidine] and spiro[indoline-3,3-piperidine] derivatives were synthesized in a substitution-controlled manner under the catalysis of cationic gold(I) species in the presence of Hantzsch ester (HEH). The optimal reaction condition was determined by screening, and the functional group tolerances of these two pathways were examined by readily synthetic substrates. The and selectivities of these cyclizations were elucidated by density functional theory calculations, and a plausible mechanism for these transformations was proposed.

Collective Syntheses of 8-Oxoprotoberberines via Sequential In(OTf)-Catalyzed Cyclization and Pd(OAc)-Catalyzed Heck Coupling.

Six 8-oxoprotoberberines were synthesized collectively in four steps with acceptable yields (14-19%), of which the products 8-oxopalmatine, 8-oxopseudopalmatine, 8-oxoberberine, and 8-oxopseudoberberine come from nature. The synthetic route was featured with the In(OTf)-catalyzed cyclization and Heck coupling. Moreover, the syntheses of the natural products berberine, canadine, and iambertine were achieved via various reductions from 8-oxoberberine, which provided a concise approach to the syntheses of this kind of alkaloids.

Formal total synthesis of macarpine via a Au(I)-catalyzed 6-- cycloisomerization strategy.

The formal total synthesis of macarpine was accomplished by the construction of a naphthol intermediate in Ishikawa's synthetic route with two different synthetic routes. The convergent synthetic strategies feature the utilization of Au(I)-catalyzed cycloisomerizations of a 1,5-enyne and alkynyl ketone substrates, which were prepared by Sonogashira coupling reactions.

Collective Total Syntheses of Benzo[]phenanthridine Alkaloids via a Sequential Transition Metal-Catalyzed Pot-Economic Approach.

Collective total syntheses of 10 benzo[]phenanthridines were achieved on the basis of the construction of rings C and B through sequential transition metal-catalyzed reactions and flexible condition-controlled Mannich reaction via three pots in 25-34% yields, which provided an efficient route to benzo[]phenanthridines via a pot-economic approach.

Gold(I)-Catalyzed Tandem Intramolecular Methoxylation/Double Aldol Condensation Strategy Yielding 2,2'-Spirobi[indene] Derivatives.

The syntheses of 2,2'-spirobi[indene] derivatives based on a gold(I)-catalyzed tandem strategy involving intramolecular methoxylation/double aldol condensation were achieved. Examination of the scope of this tandem reaction by using a batch of alkynone substrates disclosed that the reaction possessed a good functional group tolerance. A cationic gold(I) catalyst/protonic acid-catalyzed mechanism for this tandem reaction is proposed.

Surgical resection of petroclival meningiomas of the cerebellopontine angle and/or diaphragma sellae extension via an extended intradural anterior transpetrous approach.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the extended intradural anterior transpetrous approach (ATPA) and its usefulness for the surgical resection of petroclival meningiomas (PCMs) of the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) and/or diaphragma sellae (DS) extension.

Methods: Between January 2017 and December 2019, a total of 22 patients with PCMs extending to the CPA/or DS underwent surgery via extended intradural ATPA by the senior author (Xr.X.

Reconstruction of Large Tissue Defects After the Resection of Brain Tumors Using a Skin Flap With Vascular Pedicle.

The reconstruction of large tissue defects after the resection of brain tumors is challenging for every neurosurgeon. The authors describe the benefits of a skin flap with vascular pedicle in the reconstruction of large tissue defects after the resection of brain tumors. In this retrospective analysis, a skin flap with vascular pedicle reconstruction was used in 5 patients who underwent intracranial tumor resection, accompanied by tissue defects, cerebrospinal fluid leakage and scalp infection.

Characterization of Endothelial Cells Associated with Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation.

Introduction: Cerebral arteriovenous malformation (cAVM) is a disease characterized by the angiogenesis and remodeling of veins. However, whether vascular endothelial cells (ECs) exhibit morphological and functional changes during cAVM remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of ECs in the pathogenesis of cAVM.

Syntheses of 12H-benzo[a]xanthen-12-ones and benzo[a]acridin-12(7H)-ones through Au(i)-catalyzed Michael addition/6-endo-trig cyclization/aromatization cascade annulation.

A multifaceted gold(i)-catalyzed aromaticity-driven double 6-endo cascade cyclization strategy to synthesize both 12H-benzo[a]xanthen-12-ones and benzo[a]acridin-12(7H)-ones, whose core motifs xanthone and acridone both exist as important scaffolds in an immense number of bioactive compounds, was developed. The scopes of this strategy were examined by using a batch of synthetic 1,3-diphenylprop-2-yn-1-one substrates. To probe the mechanism of this cyclization a control experiment for synthesizing intermediates was performed.

Access to Benzo[a]carbazoles and Indeno[1,2-c]quinolines by a Gold(I)-Catalyzed Tunable Domino Cyclization of Difunctional 1,2-Diphenylethynes.

The cyclization order of the difunctional 1,2-diphenylethynes was precisely tuned under the catalysis of gold by changing the nitrogen substitution of the substrates, leading to the facile preparation of benzo[a]carbazole and indeno[1,2-c]quinoline derivatives. The mechanisms of these domino cyclizations were probed by control experiments, and an insight into the selectivity of the cyclization was gained by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This research represents a unified and common method to access benzo[a]carbazoles and indeno[1,2-c]quinolines.