Exploration of working memory retrieval stage for mild cognitive impairment: time-varying causality analysis of electroencephalogram based on dynamic brain networks.

Background: Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is an intermediate stage between the expected cognitive decline of normal aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Its management is crucial for it helps intervene and slow the progression of cognitive decline to AD. However, the understanding of the MCI mechanism is not completely clear.

Using gut microbiota and non-targeted metabolomics techniques to study the effect of xylitol on alleviating DSS-induced inflammatory bowel disease in mice.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has become a global healthcare issue, with its incidence continuing to rise, but currently there is no complete cure. Xylitol is a widely used sweetener in various foods and beverages, but there is limited research on the effects of xylitol on IBD symptoms.

Aim: Study on the effect of oral xylitol in improving intestinal inflammation and damage in IBD mice, further explore the mechanism of xylitol in alleviating IBD symptoms using intestinal microbiota and non-targeted metabolomics techniques.

Assessment of Lumbar Muscles Activation in Patients with Unilateral Myofascial Pain Syndrome Based on High-density Surface Electromyography: A Preliminary Study.

Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a chronic musculoskeletal pain characterized by myofascial trigger points (MTrPs), which are related to dysfunctional motor endplate. However, the changes in neuromuscular functions incurred by the MTrPs are still not well understood. High-density surface electromyography (HD-sEMG) provides a non-invasive method to identify motor endplates and quantify the muscle activity distribution.

Exploration of Brain Tumor Localization with High-density Electrocorticography.

The fast and accurate detection of brain tumor locations has always been a focus of research in the field of neuroscience. The main emphasis of this paper is to propose a potential intraoperative fast glioma localization technique. This study utilizes the rapid and high temporal resolution characteristics of electrocorticography to investigate the electroactive properties of the glioma region from a functional variability perspective and employs its differences to detect the location of the glioma.

Wrist EMG-based Gestures Recognition for Finger and Wrist Motions.

Gesture recognition is a relatively natural humanmachine interface (HMI). Electromyography (EMG) based gesture recognition methods have been extensively investigated in upper limb prostheses as a special HMI, in which EMG sensors are mostly mounted on the proximal part of the forearm. However, for more general applications beyond upper-limb prosthetics, the wrist may be a more suitable position for more intuitive HMIs, in which independent finger movements in addition to wrist gestures can be realized.

Glioma-induced neural functional remodeling in the hand motor cortex: precise mapping with ECoG grids during awake craniotomy-experimental research.

Background: The dilemma of achieving 'onco-functional balance' in gliomas affecting the motor cortex highlights the importance of functionally-guided resection strategies. While accurate mapping of eloquent areas often requires frequent electrical stimulation, this practice can lead to side effects like seizures and postoperative deficits. To enhance safety in functional mapping, we studied how gliomas impact hand movement areas and assessed the effectiveness of cortical electrical activity for functional mapping in this setting.

A noninvasive hyperkalemia monitoring system for dialysis patients based on a 1D-CNN model and single-lead ECG from wearable devices.

This study aimed to develop a real-time, noninvasive hyperkalemia monitoring system for dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease. Hyperkalemia, common in dialysis patients, can lead to life-threatening arrhythmias or sudden death if untreated. Therefore, real-time monitoring of hyperkalemia in this population is crucial.

Optimizing electrode configurations for EEG mild cognitive impairment detection.

The Optimal electrode configuration of Electroencephalograms (EEG) systems for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) detection and monitoring in non-clinical settings, i.e. number of electrodes and the positions of the electrodes, remains to be explored.

Preoperative inspiratory muscle training improves lung function prior to elective heart valve surgery and reduces postoperative lung function impairment and pulmonary complications: a randomised trial.

Question: What is the effect of 3 days of preoperative inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on lung function prior to heart valve surgery and on postoperative lung function and pulmonary complications compared with sham and no IMT?

Design: A three-arm, multicentre, randomised controlled trial with concealed allocation, intention-to-treat analysis and blinded assessment of some outcomes.

Participants: This study included 228 adults scheduled for heart valve surgery.

Interventions: The IMT group received 3 days of IMT at 30% maximal inspiratory pressure, the sham IMT group received the same but at 10% maximal inspiratory pressure and the control group received no IMT.

Multi-channel EMG manifestations of upper-extremity muscle coordination imbalance among community-dwelling sarcopenic seniors.

Background: Sarcopenia is an age-related, insidious, crippling but curable degenerative disease if diagnosed and treated early. However, no accessible and accurate early screening method is available for community settings that does not require specialized personnel. One of the hallmarks of sarcopenia is the pathological changes of muscle fiber type composition and motor unit firing patterns.

Effects of platelet-rich plasma injection on electrical activity and biomechanics of the erector spinae muscles in lumbar myofascial pain syndrome.

Low back pain (LBP) is a highly prevalent disease. Among the various causes of LBP, one of the most frequent is myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) which affects the spinal stabilizer muscles. The aims of this study were to compare the differences in muscular electrical activity and biomechanical properties between the painful and non-painful sides in patients with unilateral MPS and to verify the feasibility of surface electromyography (sEMG) and MyotonPRO for assisting in MPS assessment.

Using Quercetin to Construct Molecularly Imprinting Polymer in the Preparation and Enrichment of Flavonol and Flavonoid Compounds.

Flavonol and flavonoid compounds are important natural compounds with various biomedical activities. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a strategy for the specific extraction of flavonol and flavonoid compounds. Quercetin is a well-studied flavonoid possessing many health benefits.

Inulin Reduces Kidney Damage in Type 2 Diabetic Mice by Decreasing Inflammation and Serum Metabolomics.

This study is aimed at assessing the impact of soluble dietary fiber inulin on the treatment of diabetes-related chronic inflammation and kidney injury in mice with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The T2DM model was created by feeding the Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice a high-fat diet and intraperitoneally injecting them with streptozotocin (50 mg/kg for 5 consecutive days). The thirty-six ICR mice were divided into three dietary groups: the normal control (NC) group, the T2DM (DM) group, and the DM + inulin diet (INU) group.

Exploration of a machine learning approach for diagnosing sarcopenia among Chinese community-dwelling older adults using sEMG-based data.

Background: In the practical application of sarcopenia screening, there is a need for faster, time-saving, and community-friendly detection methods. The primary purpose of this study was to perform sarcopenia screening in community-dwelling older adults and investigate whether surface electromyogram (sEMG) from hand grip could potentially be used to detect sarcopenia using machine learning (ML) methods with reasonable features extracted from sEMG signals. The secondary aim was to provide the interpretability of the obtained ML models using a novel feature importance estimation method.

Dose-effect of exercise intervention on heart rate variability of acclimatized young male lowlanders at 3,680 m.

This study investigated whether exercise could improve the reduced HRV in an environment of high altitude. A total of 97 young, healthy male lowlanders living at 3,680 m for >1 year were recruited. They were randomized into four groups, of which three performed-low-, moderate-, and high-intensity (LI, MI, HI) aerobic exercise for 4 weeks, respectively.

Cross-day analysis of Multicode Surface Electromyography based Biometrics for Personal Identification.

Recently, surface electromyography (sEMG) has emerged as a novel biometric trait for personal identification, potentially providing a superior spoof-resistant solution over existing traits. The sEMG possesses a unique dual-mode security: they differ between individuals (biometric-mode), and different gestures have different sEMG characteristics (knowledge-mode). To leverage the knowledge-mode facet of the dual-mode security, the previous studies have utilized a multicode framework involving the fusion of codes (gestures), however, the analysis involved data recorded on a single day and from a small subject-pool.

Comparison of Wrist and Forearm EMG for Multi-day Biometric Authentication.

Recently, electromyography (EMG) has been established as a promising new biometric trait that provides a unique dual mode security: biometrics and knowledge. For authentication that is used daily and long-term by general consumers, the wrist is a suitable location, which could be easily integrated into the existing form of smartwatches and fitness trackers. However, current EMG-based biometrics still follow the historical path of powered prosthetics research, where EMG signals were usually recorded from forearm positions.

Variation Minimization Based Electrocardiogram Artifacts Removal for Local Field Potentials From Neurostimulator.

Local field potential (LFP) recorded by sensing-enabled neurostimulators provided chronic observation of deep brain activities for the research of brain disorders. However, the contamination from the electrocardiogram (ECG) deteriorated the extraction of effective information from LFP. This study proposed a novel algorithm based on minimizing the variance combining template subtraction to improve the performance of ECG artifact removal for LFP.

Constructing electrochemical sensor using molecular-imprinted polysaccharide for rapid identification and determination of l-tryptophan in diet.

An imbalance of l-tryptophan (l-Trp), a basic component of a healthy diet, is harmful to human health. Traditional methods for detecting l-Trp have many limitations. To correct a deficiency or excess of l-Trp in human diets, it is necessary to develop a novel method that is rapid, low-cost, and high-sensitivity.

NKK20 Alleviates High-Fat-Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice through Regulating Bile Acid Anabolism.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic disease in modern society. It is characterized by an accumulation of lipids in the liver and an excessive inflammatory response. Clinical trials have provided evidence that probiotics may prevent the onset and relapse of NAFLD.

Fracability Evaluation Method of a Fractured-Vuggy Carbonate Reservoir in the Shunbei Block.

The fracability of carbonate reservoirs is a key indicator for evaluating whether reservoirs can be effectively fractured. Taking the fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoir in the Shunbei block as an example, the microscopic characteristics and mechanical properties of this reservoir were analyzed. The test results showed that the core microstructure is relatively dense, the micropores and microfractures are developed, and the mineral composition is characterized by "high carbonate and few impurities".