Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins
January 2025
Probiotics exert a diverse range of immunomodulatory effects on the human gut immune system. These mechanisms encompass strengthening the intestinal mucosal barrier, inhibiting pathogen adhesion and colonization, stimulating immune modulation, and fostering the production of beneficial substances. As a result, probiotics hold significant potential in the prevention and treatment of various conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Immune escape and immunosuppression play crucial roles in the onset and progression of head and neck malignant neoplasms (HNMN). However, previous studies on the relationship between immune cells and HNMN have yielded inconsistent results.
Methods: In this study, we performed bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses using genome-wide association study (GWAS) and FinnGen databases to examine the association between 731 immune cell features and the risk of HNMN.
Objective: Studies on feeling of ear fullness (FEF) related to sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL) are limited. The mechanisms of FEF are unclear. This study aimed to explore the characteristics and related brain activation of SSNHL with FEF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Human adenovirus (HAdV) infection can cause a variety of diseases. It is a major pathogen of pediatric acute respiratory tract infections (ARIs) and can be life-threatening in younger children. We described the epidemiology and subtypes shifting of HAdV among children with ARI in Guangzhou, China.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnterovirus 71 (EV71) is a dominant pathogenic agent that may cause severe central nervous system (CNS) diseases among infants and young children in the Asia-pacific. The inflammasome is closely implicated in EV71-induced CNS injuries through a series of signaling pathways. However, the activation pathway of NLRP3 inflammasome involved in EV71-mediated CNS injuries remains poorly defined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVascular calcification is prevalent in aging, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, and certain genetic disorders. However, the pathogenesis of vascular calcification is not well-understood. It has been progressively recognized that vascular calcification depends on the bidirectional interactions between vascular cells and their microenvironment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Dev Biol
February 2022
Arterial medial calcification is a common disease in patients with type 2 diabetes, end-stage renal disease and hypertension, resulting in high incidence and mortality of cardiovascular event. H19 has been demonstrated to be involved in cardiovascular diseases like aortic valve diseases. However, role of H19 in arterial medial calcification remains largely unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnd-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients usually develop extensive and progressive vascular calcification, and lots of calcification inhibitors as well as procalcifying factors are involved in the process. However, the mechanisms of vascular calcification in ESRD patients are still ill-defined. In the present study, we found that the plasma exosomes derived from ESRD patients (ESRD-Ex) promoted calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) significantly, while plasma exosomes from renal transplant recipients (RTR-Ex) could partially attenuate VSMCs calcification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: It was previously demonstrated that miR-199a-3p plays an important role in tumor progression; especially, its down-regulation in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is associated with cancer cell invasion and proliferation. In the present report, we investigated the mechanism involved in the down-regulation of miR-199a-3p in PTC and how miR-199a-3p regulates PTC invasion both and .
Methods: qRT-PCR and Western blot assays were used to determine the expression of the investigated genes.
Adipose tissue, as the largest endocrine organ, secretes many biologically active molecules circulating in the bloodstream, collectively termed adipocytokines, which not only regulate the metabolism but also play a role in pathophysiological processes. C1q tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related protein 3 (CTRP3) is a member of C1q tumor necrosis factor-related proteins (CTRPs), which is a paralog of adiponectin. CTRP3 has a wide range of effects on glucose/lipid metabolism, inflammation, and contributes to cardiovascular protection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Cardiovascular diseases and vascular aging are common in patients with diabetes. High glucose is a major cause of vascular aging and cardiovascular diseases. Premature senescence of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is one of the main contributors to vascular aging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExosomes are a type of extracellular vehicle, formed by budding cell membranes, containing proteins, DNA, and RNA. Concentrated cargoes from parent cells are enveloped in exosomes, which are cell specific and may have functions in the recipient cell, reflecting a novel physiological and pathological mechanism in disease development. As a transmitter, exosomes shuttle to different cells or tissues and mediate communications among these organelles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Endocrinol (Lausanne)
March 2021
Substance P (SP) is a neuropeptide that is released from sensory nerve endings and is widely present in nerve fibers. It acts on bones and related tissues by binding to receptors, thereby regulating bone metabolism, cartilage metabolism, and fracture healing. SP has attracted widespread attention as a signaling substance that can be recognized by both the immune system and the nervous system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn the elderly with atherosclerosis, hypertension and diabetes, vascular calcification and ageing are ubiquitous. Melatonin (MT) has been demonstrated to impact the cardiovascular system. In this study, we have shown that MT alleviates vascular calcification and ageing, and the underlying mechanism involved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGalactose-modified selenium nanoparticles (GA-SeNPs) loading with doxorubicin (DOX) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) therapy was investigated in this paper. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were modified with galactose as tumor targeting moiety to fabricate tumor-targeted delivery carrier GA-SeNPs, then doxorubicin was loaded onto the surface of GA-SeNPs for improving antitumor efficacy of DOX in HCC therapy. Chemical structure characterization of GA-Se@DOX showed that DOX was successfully loaded to the surface of GA-SeNPs to prepare functionalized antitumor drug delivery system GA-Se@DOX.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall interfering RNA (siRNA) exhibits great potential as a novel therapeutic option due to its highly sequence-specific ability to silence genes. However, efficient and safe delivery carriers are required for developing novel therapeutic paradigms. Thus, the successful development of efficient delivery platforms for siRNA is a crucial issue for the development of siRNA-based drugs in cancer treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExosomes, which mediate cell-to-cell communications and provide a novel insight into information exchange, have drawn increasing attention in recent years. The homeostasis of bone metabolism is critical for bone health. The most common bone diseases such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and bone fractures have apparent correlations with exosomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdipose tissue-derived adipokines mediate various kind of crosstalk between adipose tissue and other organs and thus regulate metabolism balance, inflammation state as well as disease progression. In particular, omentin-1, a newly found adipokine, has been reported to exhibit anti-calcification effects and . However, little is known about the function of endogenous adipose tissue-derived omentin-1 in arterial calcification and the detailed mechanism involved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTight coupling between bone resorption and formation is essential for bone remodeling. Disruption of this equilibrium can lead to skeletal disorders. Osseous metastatic disease is a severe consequence of tumor cell dissemination from numerous primary cancer sites, including the prostate, lungs and breasts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArtif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol
December 2019
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) which commonly caused the hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) has become one of public health challenges worldwide. However, no effective vaccines or drugs for this disease has been developed. Thus, there is an urgent need to find a new strategy for treating the EV71 infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCortisol-producing adenoma (CPA) is the main cause of Adrenal Cushing syndrome. However, its molecular mechanism is not fully understood. Previous study revealed Synaptophysin () is ubiquitously expressed in adrenocortical tumors, but its function in CPA still need to be discovered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: Vascular calcification/aging can cause different kind of serious diabetic vascular complications. High glucose could induce vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) calcification/aging and then lead to diabetes-related vascular calcification/aging. In this study, we investigated how information in the blood is transmitted to VSMCs and the mechanisms of VSMCs calcification/aging under hyperglycaemic conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVascular calcification is one of the most important factors for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in patients with end-stage renal diseases (ESRD). The current study was aimed to investigate the function and mechanisms of miR-34b on the calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) both and . We found that the expression of miR-34b was significantly suppressed in VSMCs with high inorganic phosphate (Pi) treatment, as well as mouse arteries derived from 5/6 nephrectomy with a high-phosphate diet (0.
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