Diamond with Sp-Sp composite phase for thermometry at Millikelvin temperatures.

Temperature is one of the seven fundamental physical quantities. The ability to measure temperatures approaching absolute zero has driven numerous advances in low-temperature physics and quantum physics. Currently, millikelvin temperatures and below are measured through the characterization of a certain thermal state of the system as there is no traditional thermometer capable of measuring temperatures at such low levels.

Prognostic Autophagy-Related Model Revealed by Integrating Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Data and Bulk Gene Profiles in Gastric Cancer.

Autophagy has been associated with tumor progression, prognosis, and treatment response. However, an autophagy-related model and their clinical significance have not yet been fully elucidated. In the present study, through the integrative analysis of bulk RNA sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing, an autophagy-related risk model was identified.

SIRT1 induces the accumulation of TAMs at colorectal cancer tumor sites via the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis.

Our previous work suggested that high SIRT1 expression by cancer cells predicted a poor colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis, but its role in the tumor microenvironment was unclear. Here, we examined tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in CRC expressing different levels of SIRT1. We also established a co-culture system with monocytes, CD8 T cells and patient-derived tumor organoids (PDOs) to study the relationships between immune cells and cancer cells.

Patients with Parkinson's disease predict a lower incidence of colorectal cancer.

Background: Recent theory on the "gut-brain axis" suggests a close relationship between the dysfunction of the gut and the disorders of the brain.

Methods: We performed a systemic literature search followed by a multi-step inclusion selection for all studies on the risk of Colorectal cancer (CRC) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients using the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE and WOS. Relative risk (RR) and the 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using either the random-effects model or the fixed-effects meta-analysis model, based on the assessment of heterogeneity.

Hyaluronic acid reduction-sensitive polymeric micelles achieving co-delivery of tumor-targeting paclitaxel/apatinib effectively reverse cancer multidrug resistance.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) of cancer cells is a significant challenge in chemotherapy, highlighting the urgent medical need for simple and reproducible strategies to reverse this process. Here, we report the development of an active tumor-targeting and redox-responsive nanoplatform (PA-ss-NP) using hyaluronic acid--cystamine dihydrochloride-poly-ε-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-L-lysine (HA-ss-PLLZ) to co-deliver paclitaxel (PTX) and apatinib (APA) for effective reversal of MDR. This smart nanoplatform specifically bound to CD44 receptors, leading to selective accumulation at the tumor site and uptake by MCF-7/ADR cells.

Long-term patient-reported distress in locally advanced cervical cancer patients treated with definitive chemoradiation.

Background And Purpose: To evaluate longitudinal patient-reported distress in cervical cancer patients treated with definitive chemoradiation (CRT).

Materials And Methods: Between 2011 and 2016, consenting cervical cancer patients treated with definitive CRT who completed ≥ 2 revised Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS-r) questionnaires at clinical visits, including baseline, were included. A linear mixed model was used to assess the longitudinal trend in ESAS-r.

Intra-islet GLP-1, but not CCK, is necessary for β-cell function in mouse and human islets.

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and cholecystokinin (CCK) are gut-derived peptide hormones known to play important roles in the regulation of gastrointestinal motility and secretion, appetite, and food intake. We have previously demonstrated that both GLP-1 and CCK are produced in the endocrine pancreas of obese mice. Interestingly, while GLP-1 is well known to stimulate insulin secretion by the pancreatic β-cells, direct evidence of CCK promoting insulin release in human islets remains to be determined.

A 16q22.1 variant confers susceptibility to colorectal cancer as a distal regulator of ZFP90.

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) implicate 16q22.1 locus in risk for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the underlying oncogenic mechanisms remain unknown.

Long noncoding RNA BFAL1 mediates enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis-related carcinogenesis in colorectal cancer via the RHEB/mTOR pathway.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute to many steps in carcinogenesis and often serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for tumor diagnosis and therapy. Although the role of lncRNAs in tumor formation is becoming clear, whether lncRNAs mediate gut microbiota-induced colorectal cancer (CRC) is largely unknown. Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) is a well-known tumor-inducing bacterium in the human gut; however, its tumorigenic effect remains to be explored.

LncRNA GLCC1 promotes colorectal carcinogenesis and glucose metabolism by stabilizing c-Myc.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute to colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the role of lncRNAs in CRC metabolism, especially glucose metabolism remains largely unknown. In this study, we identify a lncRNA, GLCC1, which is significantly upregulated under glucose starvation in CRC cells, supporting cell survival and proliferation by enhancing glycolysis.

The distinct role of strand-specific miR-514b-3p and miR-514b-5p in colorectal cancer metastasis.

The abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression has been widely investigated. It was reported that the same hairpin RNA structure could generate mature products from each strand, termed 5p and 3p, which binds different target mRNAs. Here, we explored the expression, functions, and mechanisms of miR-514b-3p and miR-514b-5p in CRC cells and tissues.

miR-508 Defines the Stem-like/Mesenchymal Subtype in Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer includes an invasive stem-like/mesenchymal subtype, but its genetic drivers, functional, and clinical relevance are uncharacterized. Here we report the definition of an altered miRNA signature defining this subtype that includes a major genomic loss of miR-508. Mechanistic investigations showed that this miRNA affected the expression of cadherin CDH1 and the transcription factors ZEB1, SALL4, and BMI1.

RING-Finger Protein 6 Amplification Activates JAK/STAT3 Pathway by Modifying SHP-1 Ubiquitylation and Associates with Poor Outcome in Colorectal Cancer.

The E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF6 (RING-finger protein 6) plays a crucial role in carcinogenesis. However, the copy number and expression of RNF6 were rarely reported in colorectal cancer. We aimed to explore the mechanical, biological, and clinical role of RNF6 in colorectal cancer initiation and progression.

ASAP3 regulates microvilli structure in parietal cells and presents intervention target for gastric acidity.

Gastric acidity-associated disorders such as peptic ulcer and reflux diseases are widespread, and the reported resistance and side effects of currently used medicines suggest an urgent requirement for alternative therapeutic approaches. Here we demonstrate a critical role of ASAP3 in regulating the microvilli structure of parietal cells , and reveal the feasibility of controlling gastric acidity by targeting ASAP3. Conditional knockout of ASAP3 in mice caused elongation and stacking of microvilli in parietal cells, and substantially decreased gastric acid secretion.

TEAD4 promotes colorectal tumorigenesis via transcriptionally targeting YAP1.

TEAD4 (TEA domain family member 4) was recently revealed as an oncogenic character in tumorigenesis. However, its role remains unclear in colorectal tumorigenesis. Here, we firstly found that the expression level of TEAD4 was significantly elevated in clinical samples of colorectal adenomas (CRA) and correlated with the size and histological type of CRA.

LncRNA GClnc1 Promotes Gastric Carcinogenesis and May Act as a Modular Scaffold of WDR5 and KAT2A Complexes to Specify the Histone Modification Pattern.

Unlabelled: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) play a role in carcinogenesis. However, the function of lncRNAs in human gastric cancer remains largely unknown. In this study, we identified a novel lncRNA, GClnc1, which was upregulated and associated with tumorigenesis, tumor size, metastasis, and poor prognosis in gastric cancer.

Bidirectional regulation between TMEFF2 and STAT3 may contribute to Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis.

The transmembrane protein with epidermal growth factor and two follistatin motifs 2 (TMEFF2) is a single-pass transmembrane protein, and it is downregulated in human gastric cancer and levels correlate with tumor progression and time of survival. However, the mechanism of its dysregulation in gastric cancer is little known. Here we investigate its regulatory mechanism and the bidirectional regulation between TMEFF2 and STAT3 in gastric carcinogenesis.