Tumor microenvironment acidosis favors pancreatic cancer stem cell properties and metastasis.

The acidic tumor microenvironment (TME) favors cancer aggressiveness via incompletely understood pathways. Here, we asked whether adaptation to environmental acidosis (pH 6.5) selects for human pancreatic cancer stem cell (CSC) properties.

Enhancing Water Electrolysis Performance by Bubble Behavior Management.

Electrocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen generation plays a crucial role in promoting the energy transition and achieving the goals of carbon neutrality. Nevertheless, in the context of water electrolysis, the generated bubbles have an adverse impact on energy consumption and mass transfer efficiency. To address this challenge, a variety of strategies are investigated to accelerate bubble detachment and transport.

The impact of spousal retirement on health-an empirical analysis based on CFPS.

Introduction: Health impacts associated with spousal retirement vary significantly across countries and datasets, underscoring the need to examine this relationship within the Chinese context. This study aims to explore how spousal retirement affects individual health in China.

Methods: Utilizing data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) for the years 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020, this research applies a fuzzy regression discontinuity approach to assess the effects of spousal retirement on health outcomes.

Advanced bioanalytical techniques for pharmacokinetic studies of nanocarrier drug delivery systems.

Significant investment in nanocarrier drug delivery systems (Nano-DDSs) has yielded only a limited number of successfully marketed nanomedicines, highlighting a low rate of clinical translation. A primary contributing factor is the lack of foundational understanding of processes. Comprehensive knowledge of the pharmacokinetics of Nano-DDSs is essential for developing more efficacious nanomedicines and accurately evaluating their safety and associated risks.

Preparation of sulfur-doped porous carbon from polyphenylene sulfide waste for photothermal conversion materials to achieve solar-driven water evaporation.

In recent years, solar-driven photothermal water evaporation technology for seawater desalination and wastewater treatment has developed rapidly, which is of great significance for addressing the issue of freshwater scarcity. However, due to the high costs associated with the manufacturing, maintenance, and operation of such devices, their application remains challenging in remote and resource-scarce regions. Due to its excellent light absorption capability in the near-infrared region, high hydrophilicity, and stable chemical properties, coupled with the low cost of recycling waste carbonized polyphenylene sulfide, this material is an excellent choice as a photothermal material for solar-driven water evaporation devices.

Thermal Modulation of Exciton Recombination for High-Temperature Ultra-Long Afterglow.

Developing smart materials with tunable high-temperature afterglow (HTA) luminescence remains a formidable challenge. This study presents a metal-free doping system using boric acid as matrix and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as dopants. This composition achieves dynamically tunable afterglow combining a bright blue HTA lasting for over ten seconds even at 150 °C and an ultra-long yellow room-temperature phosphorescence below 110 °C.

Substrate specificity study of zearalenone lactonase by analyzing interaction networks of residues near the β6-α6 region.

Recently, how could microbial lactonase react to the mycotoxin zearalenone (ZEN) and its derivatives such as α-zearalenol (α-ZOL) is still unclear, resulting in limited applications. In this study, the interaction networks of residues near the β6-α6 region in lactonase from Monosporascus sp. GIB2 (ZENM) were analyzed.

One case of spinal bulbar muscular atrophy misdiagnosed as polymyositis: Case report.

Rationale: Spinal bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a rare X-linked recessive motor neuron degenerative disease. Due to the lack of specificity in its early clinical manifestations, SBMA is easily misdiagnosed. Herein, we present a case in which SBMA was misdiagnosed as polymyositis.

Solar-driven water evaporation using a collaborative photothermal conversion material system based on carbonized waste polyphenylene sulfide and copper sulfide.

Recently, water resources have become scarce due to the growing global population and human impact on the environment, coupled with the effects of climate change. For solving the problem of global freshwater shortage and increasing the value of discarded polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) filter bags, in this study, balsa wood was used as the base of a photothermal solar evaporator, chitosan solution was used as the binder, and the main photothermal conversion materials used were polyphenylene sulfide (CP) carbide and copper sulfide. In order to create synergistic photothermal conversion materials, freeze-drying and precipitation were used to deposit the photothermal conversion materials on top of the balsa wood.

Screening of potentially active compounds against rheumatoid arthritis in the Juan-Bi decoction using systems pharmacology and animal experiments.

The Juan-Bi decoction (JBD) is a classic traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) prescription for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the active compounds of the JBD in RA treatment remain unclear. The aim of this study is to screen effective compounds in the JBD for RA treatment using systems pharmacology and experimental approaches.

Adaptation to an acid microenvironment promotes pancreatic cancer organoid growth and drug resistance.

Harsh environments in poorly perfused tumor regions may select for traits driving cancer aggressiveness. Here, we investigated whether tumor acidosis interacts with driver mutations to exacerbate cancer hallmarks. We adapted mouse organoids from normal pancreatic duct (mN10) and early pancreatic cancer (mP4, KRAS-G12D mutation, ± p53 knockout) from extracellular pH 7.

Efficacy of multicomponent interventions on injury risk among ice and snow sports participants-a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Ice and snow sports, which are inherently high risk due to their physically demanding nature, pose significant challenges in terms of participant safety. These activities increase the likelihood of injuries, largely due to reduced bodily agility and responsiveness in cold, often unpredictable winter environments. The critical need for effective injury prevention in these sports is emphasized by the considerable impact injuries have on the health of participants, alongside the economic and social costs associated with medical and rehabilitative care.

Real-Time Monitoring of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Activity with a Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe.

Parkinson's disease (PD) represents the second most widespread neurodegenerative disease, and early monitoring and diagnosis are urgent at present. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is a key enzyme for producing dopamine, the levels of which can serve as an indicator for assessing the severity and progression of PD. This renders the specific detection and visualization of TH a strategically vital way to meet the above demands.

Spontaneous Skyrmion Bubbles in an Iron-Silicon Alloy with Uniaxial Magnetic Anisotropy.

The magnetic skyrmions exhibit intriguing topological behaviors, holding promise for future applications in the realm of spintronic devices. Despite recent advancements, achieving spontaneous magnetic skyrmions and topological transitions in magnets featuring uniaxial magnetic anisotropy, particularly at elevated temperatures (>100 K), remains a challenging endeavor. Here, single-crystal FeSi nanorods with the central symmetry and uniaxial magnetic anisotropy were successfully synthesized on a mica substrate through chemical vapor deposition, which exhibit a high Curie temperature () of about 372 K.

Study of ultraviolet light emitting diodes with InGaN quantum dots and lattice matched superlattice electron blocking layers.

Ultraviolet light emitting diodes (UV-LEDs) face the challenges including insufficient hole injection and severe electron leakage. Quantum dots (QDs) have been proven to provide three-dimensionally localized states for carriers, thereby enhancing carrier confinement. Therefore, UV-LEDs employing InGaN QDs are designed and studied in this paper.

Lactate-Induced CCL8 in Tumor-Associated Macrophages Accelerates the Progression of Colorectal Cancer through the CCL8/CCR5/mTORC1 Axis.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a pivotal role in shaping the tumor microenvironment. Lactic acid (LA) has been identified as an influential factor in promoting immune escape and tumor progression. However, the mechanisms through which LA modulates TAMs in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain poorly understood.

Lactate receptor GPR81 drives breast cancer growth and invasiveness through regulation of ECM properties and Notch ligand DLL4.

Background: The lactate receptor GPR81 contributes to cancer development through unclear mechanisms. Here, we investigate the roles of GPR81 in three-dimensional (3D) and in vivo growth of breast cancer cells and study the molecular mechanisms involved.

Methods: GPR81 was stably knocked down (KD) in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells which were subjected to RNA-seq analysis, 3D growth, in situ- and immunofluorescence analyses, and cell viability- and motility assays, combined with KD of key GPR81-regulated genes.

Attentional suppression of weight-related distractors among females with weight dissatisfaction.

Although many studies have investigated attentional biases toward weight-related information among individuals with weight dissatisfaction, the mechanisms underlying the processing of task-irrelevant and spatial-irrelevant weight-related information as distractors remain unclear. Participants were assigned to groups according to their levels of weight dissatisfaction to address this question. Participants with high weight dissatisfaction (HWD) were assigned to the experimental group; those with low weight dissatisfaction (LWD) were assigned to a control group.

Attentional biases toward auditory weight-related information among females with weight dissatisfaction.

Although there is substantial evidence of visual attentional biases in processing weight-related information among individuals with weight dissatisfaction, few studies have examined auditory attentional biases in these individuals. The identification of attentional biases may provide an impetus for interventions to reduce distress, negative body image, and pathological eating patterns among weight-dissatisfied individuals. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the attentional biases, as well as the neural consequences, toward auditory weight-related information among weight-dissatisfied young females.

ANXA2 as a novel substrate of FBXW7 promoting esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via ERK phosphorylation.

Our recent study suggests that FBXW7 loss of function plays a critical function in esophageal cancer. However, the mechanism of FBXW7 in promoting esophageal cancer is still unclear. Here, we explored the interaction protein of FBXW7 by screening of GST-pulldown and LC-MS/MS analysis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and identified ANXA2 as a potential target of FBXW7.

Chronic acidosis rewires cancer cell metabolism through PPARα signaling.

The mechanisms linking tumor microenvironment acidosis to disease progression are not understood. Here, we used mammary, pancreatic, and colon cancer cells to show that adaptation to growth at an extracellular pH (pH ) mimicking acidic tumor niches is associated with upregulated net acid extrusion capacity and elevated intracellular pH at physiological pH , but not at acidic pH . Using metabolic profiling, shotgun lipidomics, imaging and biochemical analyses, we show that the acid adaptation-induced phenotype is characterized by a shift toward oxidative metabolism, increased lipid droplet-, triacylglycerol-, peroxisome content and mitochondrial hyperfusion.