A comprehensive atlas of multi-tissue metabolome and microbiome shifts: Exploring obesity and insulin resistance induced by perinatal bisphenol S exposure in high-fat diet-fed offspring.

Bisphenol S (BPS) is widely used as a substitute for Bisphenol A (BPA). While perinatal BPS exposure is suspected to increase susceptibility to high-caloric diet-induced adipogenesis, how BPS affects offspring remains largely unknown. This study explored effects of prenatal BPS exposure on adiposity and insulin resistance in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6 offspring, revealing significant changes in body weight, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and histopathology.

Long-term Outcomes Following Individualized Elective Primary Tumor CTV Delineation Based on Stepwise Spread Patterns of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Treated with Intensity-modulated Radiotherapy.

Purpose: Our institution has developed an individualized elective primary tumor clinical target volume (CTVp) delineation protocol for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) based on stepwise tumor spread patterns in intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for over ten years. Herein, we report the long-term efficacy and toxicities in NPC patients treated under this protocol.

Methods And Materials: A total of 7,262 histologically proven, nonmetastatic NPC patients treated with IMRT following this individualized delineation protocol were retrospectively evaluated.

Decoding β-catenin associated protein-protein interactions: Emerging cancer therapeutic opportunities.

The hyperactive Wnt/β-catenin signaling circuit has been proven to be closely related to the progression of various cancers, with β-catenin serving as a central regulator of pro-tumorigenic processes. Preclinical evidences strongly support β-catenin as a promising therapeutic target. However, it has long been considered "undruggable" due to challenges such as the lack of crystal structures for its N- and C-terminal domains, high mutation rates, and limited availability of inhibitors.

Lingguizhugan decoction alleviates obesity in rats on a high-fat diet through the regulation of lipid metabolism and intestinal microbiota.

Background: Individuals with obesity often experience elevated blood lipid levels, leading to a chronic low-grade inflammatory state, exacerbating liver oxidative stress, and increasing the risk of various metabolic diseases. Recent evidence suggests that intestinal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play crucial roles in the development and progression of obesity. While the mechanisms by which Lingguizhugan decoction (LGZGD) intervenes in obesity by improving lipid metabolism, enhancing insulin sensitivity, and reducing inflammatory responses are well-documented, its potential in intestinal microbiota and SCFAs remains unclear.

Dietary inflammatory index as a predictor of prediabetes in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus.

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The inflammatory potential of diet is crucial in GDM development. This study compares dietary inflammatory indices (DII) in females with and without a history of GDM and constructs a predictive model for prediabetes risk.

Association Between Dietary Flavonoid Intake and Cardiovascular Health in Cancer Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: Flavonoids are naturally occurring compounds with diverse health-promoting properties. The purpose of this study was to explore the associations between dietary flavonoid intake and cardiovascular health in cancer survivors.

Patients And Methods: We obtained data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2008, 2009-2010, and 2017-2018 cycles.

The role of enteric nervous system and GDNF in depression: Conversation between the brain and the gut.

Depression is a debilitating mental disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest. Approximately 280 million individuals worldwide suffer from depression by 2023. Despite the heavy medical and social burden imposed by depression, pathophysiology remains incompletely understood.

Toosendanin: upgrade of an old agent in cancer treatment.

Toosendanin (TSN), a tetracyclic triterpenoid derived from Melia toosendan and M. azedarach, demonstrates broad application prospects in cancer treatment. Although previously employed as a pesticide, recent studies have revealed its potential therapeutic value in treating various types of cancer.

Greenness on mortality of infant and under-5 child: A nationwide study in 147 Chinese cities.

Background: Higher greenness was associated with a lower risk of adult mortality. However, the effects of greenness on the mortality of infant and child under-5 have not been fully examined.

Objectives: The association of greenness on the infant mortality rate (IMR) and child under-5 mortality rate (U5MR) in 147 Chinese cities from 2009 to 2020 was evaluated.

Insights into therapeutic peptides in the cancer-immunity cycle: Update and challenges.

Immunotherapies hold immense potential for achieving durable potency and long-term survival opportunities in cancer therapy. As vital biological mediators, peptides with high tissue penetration and superior selectivity offer significant promise for enhancing cancer immunotherapies (CITs). However, physicochemical peptide features such as conformation and stability pose challenges to their on-target efficacy.

Interaction and band structure-determined inhibition of negative Cr (VI) and positive Fe (III) for antibiotic photodegradation by nitrogen-doped dissolved black carbon.

The influences of the positive Fe and the negative CrO on the tetracycline (TC) photodegradation by N-doped dissolved black carbon (NDBC) have been investigated in this work. A series of samples (NDBC300, NDBC400 and NDBC500) have been extracted from the corresponding biochar. NDBC400 has the best photodegradation performance (79%) for TC under visible light irradiation.

Hydrophobic modification enhances the microstructure stability of the catalyst layer in alkaline polymer electrolyte fuel cells.

Alkaline polymer electrolyte fuel cells (APEFCs) have achieved notable advancements in peak power density, yet their durability during long-term operation remains a significant challenge. It has been recognized that increasing the hydrophobicity of the catalyst layer can effectively alleviate the performance degradation. However, a microscopic view of how hydrophobicity contributes to the stability of the catalyst layer microstructure is not clear.

A multi-nutrient array protocol to study disease-diet interactions in Drosophila melanogaster.

The availability of a defined fully synthetic diet for the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster allows for complete and precise manipulation of its nutritional environment. Here, we present a protocol for performing large-scale multivariate nutrient analysis via the traditional diet preparation approach, or by adding nutrient solutions to a baseline medium. We detail procedures from sample collection to data analysis.

Practice of distributed machine learning in clinical modeling for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: The high prevalence, morbidity and mortality, and disease heterogeneity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) result in the scattered data derived from patient visits in different medical units. The huge cost of integrating the scattered data for analysis and modeling, as well as the legal demand for patient privacy protection lead to the emergence of data island.

Objectives: On the premise of protecting patient privacy, integrating scattered data of patients from different medical units for high-quality modeling is beneficial to promoting the development of digital health.

Mendelian randomization study and mediation analysis about the relation of inflammatory bowel disease and diabetic retinopathy: the further exploration of gut-retina axis.

Background: The concept of the gut-retinal axis proposed by previous scholars primarily focused on the relationship between intestinal microbiota and retinal diseases, and few further expanded the relationship between intestinal diseases and retinal diseases. To further substantiate the concept of the gut-retinal axis, we analyzed inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) using Mendelian randomization (MR), and use mediation analysis to further explore the potential substances that influence this causal relationship.

Methods: The genome-wide association study's (GWAS) summary statistics for genetic variations were utilized in a Mendelian randomization (MR) investigation.