Trichodenoids A and B, Two Skeletally Unprecedented Polyketides from with Cardioprotective Effects against HO-Induced Injury.

, recognized by the FDA as a food-safe strain, plays a vital role in food fermentation. Although the enzymatic applications of are well-established, the health benefits of its fermentation-derived metabolites are yet to be fully explored. Trichodenoids A () and B (), two skeletally unprecedented polyketides, were isolated from the endophytic fungus originating from the plant Blume.

Formation of the Diketopiperazine Moiety by a Distinct Condensation-Like Domain in Hangtaimycin Biosynthesis.

Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) are key enzymes in pharmaceutical synthesis, with condensation (C) domains catalyzing amide bond formation between aminoacyl substrates. However, recent research has elucidated that the catalytic capabilities of C domains extend beyond the traditional formation of peptide bonds. In this study, we elucidate the cyclization mechanism of the NRPS-derived natural products hangtaimycin (HTM), characterized by the formation of a 2,5-diketopiperazine (DKP) moiety which involves an intramolecular vinylamide-mediated nucleophilic attack instead of an N-terminal amino group.

Protective effects of melatonin on stroke in diabetic mice: central and peripheral inflammation modulation.

Background: Melatonin protects against ischaemic stroke in diabetic animal models, though the mechanisms involving brain and peripheral immune responses remain underexplored. We aimed to clarify how melatonin interacts with these immune responses to protect against stroke in diabetic mice.

Methods: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) was induced in mice using streptozotocin.

Bu Yang Huan Wu Prevents Osteogenic Effect of Muscle-Derived Stromal Cells via Regulating JAK/STAT Pathway.

Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a crucial pathological process in which bone or calcification develop in skeletal muscle and surrounding soft tissues. Muscle-derived stromal cells (MDSC) are important muscle-resident mesenchymal progenitor cells and macrophage-derived oncostatin M (OSM) can induce osteogenic differentiation. Bu Yang Huan Wu (BYHW), which has a long history of use in restraining inflammation, can prevent osteogenic differentiation and HO formation while underlying mechanism is still unclear.

Development and Validation of Prognostic Characteristics Associated With Chromatin Remodeling-Related Genes in Ovarian Cancer.

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a prevalent malignant tumor in the field of gynecology, exhibiting the third highest incidence rate and the highest mortality rate among gynecological tumors. Chromatin remodeling accomplishes specific chromatin condensation at distinct genomic loci and plays an essential role in epigenetic regulation associated with various processes related to cancer development.

Methods: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between OC and control samples were screened from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases, combined with chromatin remodeling-related genes (CRRGs) obtained from the GeneCards database to identify differentially expressed CRRGs (DECRRGs).

Experiences of health information-seeking behaviour in preoperative patients with lung cancer: a qualitative study in China.

Objective: Surgery represents the primary therapeutic modality for lung cancer, typically administered promptly following diagnosis. Accessing pertinent information and making well-informed decisions are imperative to navigate this challenging stage. This study aimed to explore preoperative lung cancer patients' experiences related to health information-seeking process, based on the information and methodological characteristics of health information-seeking behaviour (HISB).

Twelve-hour ultradian rhythmic reprogramming of gene expression in the human ovary during aging.

Background: The 12-h ultradian rhythm plays a crucial role in metabolic homeostasis, but its role in ovarian aging has not been explored. This study investigates age-related changes in 12-h rhythmic gene expression across various human tissues, with a particular focus on the ovary.

Methods: We analyzed transcriptomic data from the GTEx project to examine 12-h ultradian rhythmic gene expression across multiple peripheral human tissues, exploring sex-specific patterns and age-related reprogramming of both 12-h and 24-h rhythmic gene expression.

Dynamic culturing of large cell-loaded PCL/gelatin methacryloyl scaffolds for bone critical size defect repair.

Due to the limited ability to self-repair, the regeneration of bone critical-sized defects (CSD) is a significant challenge. Bone tissue engineering scaffolds are considered promising candidates for CSD repair, but low cell infiltration efficiency and a lack of nutrients greatly restrict bone regeneration abilities. Herein, we developed a dynamic culturing of large biomimetic bone scaffolds, PCL/GelMA@cells that combining 3D printed polycaprolactone (PCL) multi-channel cylinder with gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) encapsulated with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and rat aortic endothelial cells (RAECs).

A cutting-edge neural network approach for predicting the thermoelectric efficiency of defective gamma-graphyne nanoribbons.

This study predicts the thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) for defective gamma-graphyne nanoribbons (γ-GYNRs) using binary coding, convolutional neural networks (CNN), long short-term memory networks (LSTM), and multi-scale feature fusion. The approach accurately predicts ZT values with only 500 initial structures (3% of 16,512 candidates), achieving an R above 0.91 and a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.

Interplay of chromatin remodeling BAF complexes in mouse embryonic and epiblast stem cell conversion and maintenance.

Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs) are pluripotent stem cells derived from preimplantation and postimplantation embryos, respectively. These cells are capable of interconversion through manipulation of key transcription factors and signaling pathways. While BRG1/BRM-associated factor (BAF) chromatin remodeling complexes are known to play crucial roles in ESC self-renewal and pluripotency, their roles in EpiSCs and their interconversion with ESCs remain unclear.

Causal Relationship Between Endometriosis, Female Infertility, and Primary Ovarian Failure Through Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization.

Background: Endometriosis and its associated gynecological diseases such as female infertility and primary ovarian failure (POF), impose a long-term disease burden on women. This study aims to explore the causal relationships between these conditions through a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study.

Methods: We utilized large-scale GWAS data and conducted bidirectional MR analyses using methods such as Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) and MR-Egger to assess the causal relationships between endometriosis and female infertility, POF, amenorrhoea, and oligomenorrhoea.

Docosahexaenoic acid protects against ischemic stroke in diabetic mice by inhibiting inflammatory responses and apoptosis.

This study was to explore whether docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) protects against ischemic stroke in diabetic mice and its mechanisms. DHA was administered to mice and its effects on stroke outcomes in type 1 diabetes mellitus were assessed 24 h and 3 days post-reperfusion using RNA sequencing, flow cytometry, multiplex immunoassays, and western-blotting analysis. In diabetic mice, DHA administration post-ischemic stroke significantly reduced cerebral infarct size, brain edema, and neurological impairments.

Age and sex-related differences in elastic properties of the gastrocnemius muscle-tendon unit: an observational prospective study.

Introduction: Changes in the mechanical properties of the gastrocnemius muscle-tendon unit can lead to abnormal biomechanics of lower limbs, which is a risk factor for the development of many diseases. However, fewer studies have explored physiological changes in the gastrocnemius muscle-tendon unit stiffness. This study aimed to investigate the age- and sex-related differences in the gastrocnemius muscle-tendon unit stiffness.

Zinc-induced photocrosslinked konjac glucomannan/glycyrrhizic acid hydrogel promotes skin wound healing in diabetic mice through immune regulation.

Diabetic wound healing is a complex process. Owing to the lack of effective wound dressings, diabetic wound healing is often delayed. Here, injectable composite hydrogels with methacrylic anhydride (MA)-modified Konjac glucomannan and Zn-induced glycyrrhizic acid self-assembly were developed for skin wound healing in diabetic mice.

Effects of oxidative stress on the changes of viability of Paeonia lactiflora seeds with different water content before and after cryopreservation.

Cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen (LN) is an efficient long - term seed preservation strategy and water content is one of the main factors affecting seed viability after cryopreservation. In this study, Paeonia lactiflora seeds with varying water content were used as materials to determine changes in the antioxidant system before and after cryopreservation. When the water content of P.

Mitochondrial maintenance as a novel target for treating steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head: a narrative review.

The pathogenesis of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) remains unclear; however, emerging evidence suggests that mitochondrial injury plays a significant role. This review aims to elucidate the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in SONFH and explore potential therapeutic targets. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Elsevier ScienceDirect, focusing on mitochondrial homeostasis, including mitophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, and oxidative stress in SONFH.

Microplastic and antibiotics in waters: Interactions and environmental risks.

Antibiotics (ATs) are ubiquitously detected in natural waters worldwide, and their tendency to co-migrate with microplastics (MPs) post-adsorption leads to heightened environmental risk. Research on the adsorption of ATs on MPs and their subsequent effects on the environmental risks is gaining significant attention globally. This adsorption process predominantly occurs through hydrophobic forces, hydrogen bonds, and electrostatic interactions and is influenced by various environmental factors.

Injectable hydrogel microsphere-bomb for MRSA-infected chronic osteomyelitis.

Biofilm and bone tissue defect induced by the bacterial infection severely impede chronic osteomyelitis treatment. It is critical to break though the densely and obstinate biofilm so that the target drugs can deliver to the infected bone more effectively. Herein, an acoustically responsive multifunctional hydrogel microsphere-bomb (EMgel) was designed and prepared by microfluidic technology, which could be injected to the focus of bone infection, and blasted into the nidus deeply to destroy the bacterial biofilm matrix barrier under penetrating ultrasound, so the encapsulated natural polyphenolic EGCG and bioactive MoS released to repair the damaged bone.

Effect of an integrated narrative program (INP) on quality of life among patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): An experimental trial.

Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness of an integrated narrative program (INP) in enhancing the resilience, self-efficacy and quality of life of postoperative NSCLC patients.

Methods: 135 patients participated in this trial. 45 participants were recruited into the integrated narrative program group and received both the digital storytelling intervention and narrative therapy after a randomized controlled trial, while the control group (n = 45) received routine care and the intervention group (n = 45) underwent the digital storytelling intervention (DST).

Root-specific theanine metabolism and regulation at the single-cell level in tea plants ().

Root-synthesized secondary metabolites are critical quality-conferring compounds of foods, plant-derived medicines, and beverages. However, information at a single-cell level on root-specific secondary metabolism remains largely unexplored. L-Theanine, an important quality component of tea, is primarily synthesized in roots, from which it is then transported to new shoots of tea plant.