New Insight into the Related Candidate Genes and Molecular Regulatory Mechanisms of Waterlogging Tolerance in Tree Peony .

Research on the waterlogging tolerance mechanisms of helps us to further understand these mechanisms in the root system and enhance its root bark and oil yields in southern China. In this study, root morphological identification, the statistics of nine physiological and biochemical indicators, and a comparative transcriptome analysis were used to investigate the waterlogging tolerance mechanism in this plant. As flooding continued, the roots' vigor dramatically declined from 6 to 168 h of waterlogging, the root number was extremely reduced by up to 95%, and the number of roots was not restored after 96 h of recovery.

Development of Potent MALT1 Inhibitors Featuring a Novel "2-Thioxo-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[4,5-]pyrimidin-7(6)-one" Scaffold for the Treatment of B Cell Lymphoma.

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) has emerged as a novel and promising therapeutic target for the treatment of lymphomas and autoimmune diseases. Herein, we reported a new class of MALT1 inhibitors featuring a novel "2-thioxo-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[4,5-]pyrimidin-7(6)-one" scaffold developed by structure-based drug design. Structure-activity relationship studies finally led to the discovery of MALT1 inhibitor , which covalently and potently inhibited MALT1 protease with the IC value of 1.

The new direction of drug development: Degradation of undruggable targets through targeting chimera technology.

Imbalances in protein and noncoding RNA levels in vivo lead to the occurrence of many diseases. In addition to the use of small molecule inhibitors and agonists to restore these imbalances, recently emerged targeted degradation technologies provide a new direction for disease treatment. Targeted degradation technology directly degrades target proteins or RNA by utilizing the inherent degradation pathways, thereby eliminating the functions of pathogenic proteins (or RNA) to treat diseases.

Enzyme-Free Nucleic Acid Circuits for Fold-Change Detection.

Fold-change detection is widespread in sensory systems of various organisms. Dynamic DNA nanotechnology provides an important toolbox for reproducing structures and responses of cellular circuits. In this work, we construct an enzyme-free nucleic acid circuit based on the incoherent feed-forward loop using toehold-mediated DNA strand displacement reactions and explore its dynamic behaviors.

Revisiting the effect of boiling on halogenated disinfection byproducts, total organic halogen, and cytotoxicity in simulated tap water.

Boiling is a widely adopted household tap water treatment method because of its ability to inactivate chlorine-resistant pathogenic bacteria, and to reduce certain groups of disinfection byproducts (DBPs). From a more comprehensive point of view, this study revisited the effect of boiling on four groups of 17 aliphatic DBPs and six groups of 44 aromatic DBPs in both simulated chlorinated and chloraminated tap water samples, with a special focus on the changes of total organic halogen (TOX) and cytotoxicity. Results showed that the concentrations of aliphatic DBPs substantially decreased during boiling via volatilization (trihalomethanes and chloral hydrate) and hydrolysis (haloacetamides) in chlorinated and chloraminated tap water samples.

2D LDH-MoS clay nanosheets: synthesis, catalase-mimic capacity, and imaging-guided tumor photo-therapy.

Owing to the hypoxia status of the tumor, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during photodynamic therapy (PDT) of the tumor is less efficient. Herein, a facile method which involves the synthesis of Mg-Mn-Al layered double hydroxides (LDH) clay with MoS doping in the surface and anionic layer space of LDH was presented, to integrate the photo-thermal effect of MoS and imaging and catalytic functions of Mg-Mn-Al LDH. The designed LDH-MoS (LMM) clay composite was further surface-coated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) to maintain the colloidal stability of LMM in physiological environment.

MoS-ALG-Fe/GOx hydrogel with Fenton catalytic activity for combined cancer photothermal, starvation, and chemodynamic therapy.

Starvation therapy (ST) and chemodynamic therapy (CDT) are emerging tumor therapy methods in recent years. In this study, a simple approach was reported to prepare MoS and glucose oxidase (GOx)-containing sodium alginate (ALG)-Fe (MAF) hydrogel. In the hydrogel, there exists an enzymatic reaction to consume glucose to form hydrogen peroxide (HO), and a redox reaction between Fe and MoS to form Fe and MoO.

Exploring the Effects of Geographic Scale on Spatial Learning.

Background: Investigating the relationship between the human body and its spatial environment is a critical component in understanding the process of acquiring spatial knowledge. However, few empirical evaluations have looked at how the visual accessibility of an environment affects spatial learning. To address this gap, this paper focuses on geographic scale, defined as the spatial extent visually accessible from a single viewpoint.

Synthesis of a Clay-Based Nanoagent for Photonanomedicine.

Photo-induced cancer therapies, mainly including photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), have attracted numerous attentions owing to the high selectivity, convenience, and few side effects. However, single PTT usually requires high laser power density, and single PDT usually needs a high photosensitizer dosage. Herein, a kind of composite nanocarrier based on clay (laponite)-polypyrrole (LP) nanodisks was synthesized via the in situ polymerization of pyrrole in the interlayer space of laponite.