Protective Efficacy of an Inactivated Recombinant Serotype 4 Fowl Adenovirus Against Duck Adenovirus 3 in Muscovy Duck.

Background: Duck adenovirus 3 (DAdV-3) is an emerging pathogen that has caused severe economic losses to the duck industry in China. Recently, the infection of ducks with serotype 4 fowl adenovirus (FAdV-4) has also been reported in China. Therefore, an efficient bivalent vaccine to control the diseases caused by DAdV-3 and FAdV-4 is extremely urgent.

Application of Robot-assisted Pancreaticobiliary Junction Resection in Benign Duodenal Tumors.

Robot-assisted pancreaticobiliary junction resection is a surgical technique employed to treat benign duodenal tumors. The procedure involves several key steps: making a longitudinal incision in the duodenum, excising the tumor at the pancreaticobiliary junction, inserting a biliary stent, connecting the biliary and duodenal mucosa, and suturing the duodenal incision during phase I. The robotic system enhances visibility, facilitates precise operations, minimizes duodenal traction injuries to the duodenum and surgical trauma, ensures accurate suture and fixation of bile duct stents, connects the bile duct and duodenal mucosa and reduces postoperative recovery time.

Hypoxia-tolerant polymeric photosensitizer prodrug for cancer photo-immunotherapy.

Although photodynamic immunotherapy represents a promising therapeutic approach against malignant tumors, its efficacy is often hampered by the hypoxia and immunosuppressive conditions within the tumor microenvironment (TME) following photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this study, we report the design guidelines towards efficient Type-I semiconducting polymer photosensitizer and modify the best-performing polymer into a hypoxia-tolerant polymeric photosensitizer prodrug (HTPS) for cancer photo-immunotherapy. HTPS not only performs Type-I PDT process to partially overcome the limitation of hypoxic tumors in PDT by recycling oxygen but also specifically releases a Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-3 (STAT3) inhibitor (Niclosamide) in response to a cancer biomarker in the TME.

SOCS1: A potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for aggressive gliomas and a new target for immunotherapy.

Gliomas, the most common and deadly cancers of the central nervous system, present a unique immunological barrier that severely undermines the effectiveness of immunotherapies. Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), belonging to the SOCS protein family and playing a pivotal role in various cancer treatment strategies and is abundant in high-grade gliomas. This study conducted a comparative analysis of SOCS1 and glioma immune checkpoints.

Sonodynamic Nano-LYTACs Reverse Tumor Immunosuppressive Microenvironment for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Extracellular and transmembrane proteins, which account for the products of approximately 40% of all protein-encoding genes in tumors, play a crucial role in shaping the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment (TIME). While protein degradation therapy has been applied to membrane proteins of cancer cells, it has rarely been extended to immune cells. We herein report a polymeric nanolysosome targeting chimera (nano-LYTAC) that undergoes membrane protein degradation on M2 macrophages and generates a sonodynamic effect for combinational cancer immunotherapy.

Virtual Screening, Molecular Dynamics, and Mechanism Study of Homeodomain-Interacting Protein Kinase 2 Inhibitor in Renal Fibroblasts.

Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) is critically involved in the progression of renal fibrosis. This study aims to identify and characterize a novel HIPK2 inhibitor, CHR-6494, and investigate its therapeutic potential. Using structure-based virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulations, we identified CHR-6494 as a potent HIPK2 inhibitor with an IC of 0.

Near-Infrared Chemiluminophore Switches Photodynamic Processes via Protein Complexation for Biomarker-Activatable Cancer Therapy.

Despite the potential in cancer therapy, phototheranostic agents often face two challenges: limited diagnostic sensitivity due to tissue autofluorescence and suboptimal therapeutic efficacy due to the Type-II photodynamic process with the heavy oxygen reliance. In contrast, chemiluminescent theranostic agents without the requirement of real-time light excitation can address the issue of tissue autofluorescence, which however have been rarely reported for photodynamic therapy (PDT), not to mention less oxygen-dependent Type-I PDT. In this work, we synthesize near-infrared (NIR) chemiluminophores with the specific binding towards human serum albumin (HSA) to form chemiluminophore-protein complex for cancer detection and photodynamic therapy.

Histopathological characterization of mandibular condyles in four temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis mouse models.

Objective: Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) has been modeled in different ways with a lack of uniformity. We aimed to investigate four TMJOA mouse models and assess histopathological changes in condyles, which could assist in the selection of animal models in further TMJOA-related studies.

Design: Four TMJOA mouse models were established, including unilateral hyperocclusion, discectomy, monosodium iodoacetate injection and aged model.

Microplastics abundance associated with farmland use types and the impact on soil microbial communities: A case study in Southern China.

To investigate the impact of various farmland use types on the spatial distribution of microplastics (MPs) and their correlation with microbial communities, 78 soil samples from distinct farmland use types (orchard, paddy field, and vegetable field) in Southern China were examined. Results revealed that the abundance of MPs ranged from 528 to 39,864 items/kg with a mean abundance of 10,562 items/kg, which were primarily 0-30 µm in size. A total of 32 polymer types were identified, with the main polymer being polyethylene terephthalate (PET, 28.

Association of GhGeBP genes with fiber quality and early maturity related traits in upland cotton.

Transcription Factors (TFs) are key regulators of how plants grow and develop. Among the diverse TF families, the Glabrous-enhancer binding protein (GeBP) family plays a key role in trichome initiation and leaf development. The specific roles of GeBP TFs in plants remain largely unexplored, although GeBP transcription factors play important roles in plants.

Bioactivities and industrial standardization status of : A comprehensive review.

(GL) is a potent source of bioactive compounds with diverse nutritional and pharmacological benefits. Its popularity as a dietary supplement, herbal remedy, and wellness product is steadily on the rise. Furthermore, the standardized advancement of the GL industry has facilitated reliable sourcing of raw materials and quality control measures, enhancing its utilization and endorsement in the realms of nutritional science and pharmaceutical research.

An Injectable Photothermal-Fusing Hydrogel: Achieving Temperature-Controllable Mild Photothermal Therapy to Reverse Chemotherapy-Induced Immune Tolerance.

Mild photothermal therapy (M-PTT) can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) to reverse the immune tolerance caused by low-dose chemotherapy. However, it still needs convenient strategies to control temperature during M-PTT. In this work, the phase change material lauric acid (LA, melting point 43 °C) was introduced to construct nanoparticles loaded with deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) and cisplatin (CDDP), which were mixed into a supramolecular hydrogel formed by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/tannic acid (TA)/Fe to obtain FeTP@DLD/DLC.

Protamine cleavage specificity of the avian pathogen OmpT reveals two substrate-binding sites related to virulence.

The pathogenic nature of bacteria can be increased by cleaving antimicrobial peptides using omptins, to avoid or counter the host's natural immune defenses. Plasmid-encoded OmpT (pOmpT or ArlC) in avian pathogenic (APEC), like the chromosome-encoded OmpT (cOmpT), belongs to the omptin family and both exhibit highly similar sequences and structures. Through sequence alignment and physiological examinations, pOmpT has been identified as a virulence factor, distinct from cOmpT in terms of substrate specificity.

LncRNA HOXB-AS3 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of gallbladder cancer cells by activating the MEK/ERK pathway.

Background: LncRNA HOXB-AS3 are associated with tumor progression in several types of carcinomas, yet, its possibly biological role in gallbladder carcinoma(GBC) remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the biological function of HOXB-AS3 in GBC.

Methods: To know the potential function of HOXB-AS3 in gallbladder carcinoma, real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detected the expression of HOXB-AS3 in gallbladder carcinoma cells.

Analysis of the recombination and evolution of the new type mutant pseudorabies virus XJ5 in China.

Pseudorabies have caused enormous economic losses in China's pig industry and have recurred on many large pig farms since late 2011. The disease is caused by highly pathogenic, antigenic variant pseudorabies virus (vPRV) strains. Our laboratory isolated a pseudorabies virus in 2015 and named it XJ5.

Recent advances in living cell nucleic acid probes based on nanomaterials for early cancer diagnosis.

The early diagnosis of cancer is vital for effective treatment and improved prognosis. Tumor biomarkers, which can be used for the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic evaluation of cancer, have emerged as a topic of intense research interest in recent years. Nucleic acid, as a type of tumor biomarker, contains vital genetic information, which is of great significance for the occurrence and development of cancer.

The influence of Mn(II) on transformation of Cr-absorbed Schwertmannite: Mineral phase transition and elemental fate.

Schwertmannite (Sch) is considered as an effective remover of Chromium (Cr) due to its strong affinity for toxic Cr species. Since the instability of Sch, the environmental fate of Cr deserves attention during the transformation of Sch into a more stable crystalline phase. The ubiquitous manganese(II) (Mn(II)) probably affects the transformation of Sch and thus the environmental fate of Cr.

Regulation of TGF-β2-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and autophagy in lens epithelial cells by the miR-492/ axis.

A cataract is a clinically common blinding disease closely related to the ageing of the eye cells, which has become a major health killer in the elderly. Our research seeks to analyze the primary targets linked to the pathogenesis of cataracts during the ageing process. We performed bioinformatics analyses on the GSE101727 dataset to discover genes linked with ageing and cataracts.

A Tandem-Locked Chemiluminescent Probe for Imaging of Tumor-Associated Macrophage Polarization.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a role in both pro- and anti-tumor functions; and the targeted polarization from M2 to M1 TAMs has become an effective therapy option. Although detection of M1 TAMs is imperative to assess cancer immunotherapeutic efficacy, existing optical probes suffer from shallow tissue penetration depth and poor specificity toward M1 TAMs. Herein, we report a tandem-locked NIR chemiluminescent (CL) probe for specific detection of M1 TAMs.

A Comprehensive Strategy Based on High Clinical Translational Nanosystem for Programmable Immunotherapy of Triple Negative Breast Cancer.

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBCs), known as an immunologically cold tumor, is difficult to completely eliminate with existing monotherapies, let alone metastasis and recurrence. It is urgent to design a rational combination of multiple therapies to programmatically reconstitute tumor microenvironment (TME) and reverse the immune "cold" into "hot" inflammatory tumors to improve the therapeutic effect. Hence, in this work, a multifunctional nanosystem (FeSH NPs) that integrates metal-polyphenol coordination complex as a photothermal agent and polyphenol, salvianolic acid B (SAB) as immunomodulator is designed and fabricated for synergistic photothermal-immunotherapy of TNBCs combined with anti-PD-L1 antibody.