Recycling aluminum from polyaluminum chloride sludge through acid dissolution and cation resin separation/purification.

To recycle aluminum (Al) from waterworks sludge resulting from polyaluminum chloride (PAC) used as coagulants, this study proposed an innovative strong acidic cation (SAC) exchange resin treatment strategy for Al separation from coexisting fulvic acid (FA) and heavy metals (HMs) in the HSO leachate of PAC sludge. Fluorescence titration confirmed the breakdown of the Al-FA complex at pH 2.0, which facilitated Al separation from FA in the acidic leachate.

Differences in nutrient and energy contents of commonly consumed dishes prepared in restaurants v. at home in Hunan Province, China.

Objective: Eating away from home is associated with poor diet quality, in part due to less healthy food choices and larger portions. However, few studies account for the potential additional contribution of differences in food composition between restaurant- and home-prepared dishes. The present study aimed to investigate differences in nutrients of dishes prepared in restaurants v.

Recent urbanization in China is correlated with a Westernized microbiome encoding increased virulence and antibiotic resistance genes.

Background: Urbanization is associated with an increased risk for a number of diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and cancer, which all also show associations with the microbiome. While microbial community composition has been shown to vary across continents and in traditional versus Westernized societies, few studies have examined urban-rural differences in neighboring communities within a single country undergoing rapid urbanization. In this study, we compared the gut microbiome, plasma metabolome, dietary habits, and health biomarkers of rural and urban people from a single Chinese province.

[Study on developing a Brief Version of Diabetes Self-management Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior Assessment Scale (DSKAB-SF)].

Objective: To develop a brief version scale with good validity and reliability to evaluate self-management knowledge, attitude and behavior (KAB) of diabetes patients in a shorter time.

Methods: 20 authority experts who specialized in the field of diabetes clinical and non-communicable disease self-management, and familiar with the relevant content of diabetes self-management were selected. Face to face and Email consultation methods were applied in two rounds delphi expert consultations to choose items from the Diabetes Self-management Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior Assessment Scale (DSKAB, total scale, 98 items).

[Submental island pedicled flap combination with bio-membrane for reconstructing the piercing palate defects].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of submental island pedicled flap (SIPF) combination with bio-membrane in reconstructing palate defects after maxillofacial or palatal neoplasm resection.

Methods: There were 12 patients with squamous cell carcinoma and one patient with adenoid cystic carcinoma. The clinical stages of tumours were II in two patients, III in four patients, IV in six patients (UICC 2002), and one patient with adenoid cystic carcinoma no staged.

[Dietary patterns of urban residents from 1982 to 2012 in Hunan].

Objective: To determine the change in the dietary patterns of Hunan urban residents from 1982 to 2012.

Methods: A 24 hour dietary recall method was used for 3 consecutive days to collect information on food intake, and the condiment intake was collected by weighting method.

Results: Rice products and potato consumption were 449.

[Clinical research on the simultaneous surgical treatment of craniomaxillofacial fracture combined with other injuries].

Objective: This study aimed to compare the treatment effects of simultaneous surgical treatment and stage operation for patients with craniomaxillofacial fracture combined with other injuries.

Methods: Fifty patients with maxillofacial fractures combined with other injuries were chosen and divided into simultaneous (28 patients) and staging (22 patients) operation groups. In simultaneous operation group, maxillofacial fracture reduction, internal fixation, and other parts of the surgery were simultaneously operated by relevant departments jointly.

[Submental island flap for repair of oral defects after radical resection of early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma].

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the submental island flap for repair of oral defects after radical resection of early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods: Between February 2010 and August 2011, 15 cases of early-stage OSCC were treated. Of 15 cases, 9 were male and 6 were female, aged from 48 to 71 years (mean, 63 years).

[Analysis on the changing trend of mortality rate and spectrum regarding causes of death in the last recent 30 years in Hunan province].

Objective: To investigate the changing trend of mortality and the spectrum regarding causes of death in the population of Hunan, and to analyze the health-related major diseases.

Methods: With retrospective study method, a sample survey on causes of death and the related information was carried out from 2004 to 2005 among the residents in Hunan province. Results were compared with the data from a retrospective survey on causes of death in Hunan during 1973-1975 and 1990-1992, respectively.

[Development and application of a three-dimensional craniomaxillofacial measurement instrument].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical application effect of a three-dimensional craniomaxillofacial measurement instrument.

Methods: A three-dimensional craniomaxillofacial measurement instrument was developed. Twelve patients of unilateral fracture of zygoma complex were treated with the help of the three-dimensional craniomaxillofacial measurement instrument.