Revisiting the Benefits of Exercise for Alzheimer's Disease through the Lens of Ferroptosis: A New Perspective.

Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of programmed cell death driven by oxidative stress, plays a crucial role in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aging diminishes antioxidant systems that maintain iron homeostasis, particularly affecting the glutathione peroxidase (GPX) system, leading to increased ferroptosis and exacerbated neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation in AD. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a key transcription factor regulating genes involved in antioxidant defense and ferroptosis.

Support-Layer Integrated Zeolite Membranes through In Situ Interfacial Transformation of Clay-Based Protomembranes.

Zeolite membranes are considered ideal inorganic membrane materials for separating mixtures with molecular-level differences. However, their complex preparation process with excessive synthesis solutions for traditional hydrothermal heating methods leads to various drawbacks. Here, we describe a membrane preparation strategy involving an in situ interfacial transformation of the protomembrane without solvents.

Small-Molecule Hole Transport Materials for >26% Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

Chemically modifiable small-molecule hole transport materials (HTMs) hold promise for achieving efficient and scalable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Compared to emerging self-assembled monolayers, small-molecule HTMs are more reliable in terms of large-area deposition and long-term operational stability. However, current small-molecule HTMs in inverted PSCs lack efficient molecular designs that balance both the charge transport capability and interface compatibility, resulting in a long-standing stagnation of power conversion efficiency (PCE) below 24.

Gold(I/III)-Catalyzed Sulfonylation of Aryl/Vinyl Iodides To Synthesize Aryl Sulfones.

A gold-catalyzed sulfonylation of aryl/vinyl iodides to synthesize aryl sulfones facilitated by the ligand-enabled Au(I)/Au(III) redox catalysis was developed. In the reaction, aryl sodium sulfinates or sulphinic acids can react smoothly with aryl/vinyl iodides to directly construct various aryl sulfones. The strong synthetic capabilities of sulfone synthesis are demonstrated by its easily available and handled reagents, good functional group compatibility, and late-stage application of complicated biomolecules.

Inhibition of osteocyte apoptosis does not prevent iron overload-induced bone resorption and bone loss.

Iron overload leads to apoptosis and increased expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) in osteocytes, which in turn accelerates osteoclastogenesis. Since osteocytes are the main RANKL producers, we hypothesized that apoptotic osteocytes increase RANKL expression in osteocytes, which in turn stimulates osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. In this study, alendronate or IG9402, a bisphosphonate (BP) analog which does not inhibit bone resorption, inhibited iron overload-induced osteocyte apoptosis and increased RANKL expression.

Distribution, frequency and molecular basis of penoxsulam, metamifop and florpyrauxifen-benzyl resistance in Echinocloa spp. from rice fields across Jiangsu Province, China.

Barnyard grasses (Echinochloa spp.) are the most troublesome weeds in rice ecosystems of Jiangsu Province, China, and long-term use of herbicides inevitably cause the development of resistance. In this study, 122 field-sampled populations were tested for resistance to penoxsulam (PEN), metamifop (MET), florpyrauxifen-benzyl, (FPB), propanil, and tripyrasulfone.

Comparison of clinical outcomes of drug-coated balloons angioplasty vs. plain old balloons angioplasty for peripheral arterial disease: an umbrella meta-analysis.

Background: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) affects millions globally, causing significant morbidity. Traditional treatments like plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA) have limited success due to high restenosis rates. Drug-coated balloon angioplasty (DCBA) has emerged as a promising alternative, locally delivering antiproliferative drugs like paclitaxel to reduce restenosis.

Protective effects of YCHD on the autoimmune hepatitis mice model induced by Ad-CYP2D6 through modulating the Th1/Treg ratio and intestinal flora.

Background: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic liver inflammatory disease mediated by autoimmune reactions, the pathogenesis of AIH is probably related to the imbalance of intestinal flora. Yinchenhao decoction (YCHD) has been used to relieve AIH. However, the mechanisms underpinning YCHD's hepatoprotective effects with the gut microbito have not been fully revealed.

Silver-Mediated Allylation of Aryl Alkenes to Synthesize 1,4-Dienes.

An efficient silver-mediated allylation of aryl alkenes is described, which provides a variety of skipped 1,4-dienes. Without the need for other traditional transition metals or gold, this AgOTf-mediated allylation proceeds smoothly with high regio- and stereoselectivity. Mechanistic and computational studies suggest that this silver-mediated allylation takes place via a Friedel-Crafts-type pathway of aryl alkenes to the silver-activated allyl acetates.

Green Apple Detection Method Based on Multidimensional Feature Extraction Network Model and Transformer Module.

To enhance the fast and accurate detection of pollution-free green apples for food safety, this paper uses the DETR network as a framework to propose a new method for pollution-free green apple detection based on a multidimensional feature extraction network and Transformer module. Firstly, an improved DETR network main feature extraction module adopts the ResNet18 network and replaces some residual layers with deformable convolutions (DCNv2), enabling the model to better adapt to pollution-free fruit changes at different scales and angles, while eliminating the impact of microbial contamination on fruit testing; Subsequently, the extended spatial pyramid pooling model (DSPP) and multiscale residual aggregation module (FRAM) are integrated, which help reduce feature noise and minimize the loss of underlying features during the feature extraction process. The fusion of the two modules enhances the model's ability to detect objects of different scales, thereby improving the accuracy of near-color fruit detection.

Au(I)/Au(III)-Catalyzed Sulfonylation of Aryl Iodides for the Synthesis of Various Functionalized Aryl Sulfones.

A gold-catalyzed sulfonylation reaction of aryl iodides with different sodium sulfinates facilitated by the ligand-enabled Au(I)/Au(III) redox catalysis was developed. In the reaction of gold-catalyzed C-S coupling, a variety of functionalized sodium sulfinates, such as CF, CHF, CH, and alkyl groups, can react smoothly with aryl iodides to directly construct diversely functionalized aryl sulfones. This gold-catalyzed sulfonylation offers a complementary method for synthesizing functionalized aryl sulfones with electron-donating groups.

Regulatory network of flavonoids, phenolic acids and terpenoids biosynthesis in Zizyphus jujuba Mill. cv. Goutou jujube fruits.

Flavonoids, phenolic acids and terpenoids are important active ingredients that are biomarkers for evaluating the quality of Zizyphus jujuba Mill. Cv. Goutou jujube fruit.

Voltage Gated Ion Channels and Sleep.

Ion channels are integral components of the nervous system, playing a pivotal role in shaping membrane potential, neuronal excitability, synaptic transmission and plasticity. Dysfunction in these channels, such as improper expression or localization, can lead to irregular neuronal excitability and synaptic communication, which may manifest as various behavioral abnormalities, including disrupted rest-activity cycles. Research has highlighted the significant impact of voltage gated ion channels on sleep parameters, influencing sleep latency, duration and waveforms.

Estimating the effect of inclisiran on hypercholesterolemia and primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: the NHANES 1999-2018 study.

Background: Hypercholesterolemia has been identified as an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Inclisiran, an innovative small interfering RNA agent, is anticipated to result in a notable reduction of approximately 50% in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Given its transformative impact, this study scrutinized the eligibility of the US population for inclisiran treatment and evaluated its potential effects on hypercholesterolemia and the primary prevention of CVD.

Investigation and Confirmation of PYCARD as a Potential Biomarker for the Management of Psoriasis Disease.

Purpose: Psoriasis is not yet completely curable, and its etiology and pathogenesis are unclear. Necroptosis, also known as programmed necrosis, is a regulated mode of necrotic cell death. The interaction between inflammatory diseases and necrotic apoptosis has recently attracted significant attention.

Prognosis of early-stage HFpEF in the community-dwelling elderly: The Northern Shanghai Study.

Objective: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a growing concern among the elderly population, significantly impacting morbidity and mortality rates. This study aimed to screen and investigate the characteristics and prognosis of early-stage HFpEF in the elderly.

Methods: A total of 1789 community-dwelling individuals aged over 65 from northern Shanghai were enrolled.

Improving Triethylamine-Sensing Performance of WO Nanoplates through In Situ Heterojunction Construction.

Surface engineering techniques can be used to develop high-performance gas sensing materials and advance the development of sensors. In this study, we improved the gas sensing performance of two-dimensional (2D) WO nanoplates by combining surface Zn modification and the in situ formation of ZnWO/WO heterojunctions. Introducing Zn atoms by surface modification can reconstruct the atomic surface of 2D WO nanoplates, creating additional active sites.

Asymmetric Kosmotropism-Stabilized Double-Layer Hydrogel for Low-Cost Neutral Zinc-Air Battery.

Zinc air battery (ZAB) provides a low-cost and high-energy density power source, particularly in wearable and portable devices. Despite the extensive research on air cathode catalysts, their practical application is hindered by low zinc utilization rate and severe corrosion and passivation in liquid-based alkaline electrolytes. Herein, a double-layer gel (DLKgel) is developed by leveraging the distinct kosmotropic properties of ZnCl and ZnSO.