Predicting apheresis yield and factors affecting peripheral blood stem cell harvesting using a machine learning model.

Objective: Mobilization and collection of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) are time-intensive and costly. Excessive apheresis sessions can cause physical discomfort for donors and increase the costs associated with collection. Therefore, it is essential to identify key predictive factors for successful harvests to minimize the need for multiple apheresis procedures.

Mechano-Graded Contact-Electrification Interfaces Based Artificial Mechanoreceptors for Robotic Adaptive Reception.

Triboelectrification-based artificial mechanoreceptors (TBAMs) is able to convert mechanical stimuli directly into electrical signals, realizing self-adaptive protection and human-machine interactions of robots. However, traditional contact-electrification interfaces are prone to reaching their deformation limits under large pressures, resulting in a relatively narrow linear range. In this work, we fabricated mechano-graded microstructures to modulate the strain behavior of contact-electrification interfaces, simultaneously endowing the TBAMs with a high sensitivity and a wide linear detection range.

Generation of INS-jGCaMP7f knock-in Ca reporter human embryonic stem cell line, GZLe001-C, using CRISPR/Cas9-based gene targeting.

As a member of the single-fluorophore genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs), jGCaMP7f is widely applied to investigate intracellular Ca concentrations. Here, we established an INS-jGCaMP7f knock-in H1 human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line by integrating jGCaMP7f gene into insulin locus via CRISPR/Cas9 system. The reporter cell line not only effectively labelled the insulin-producing cells induced from hESC, but also reflected the cytosolic change of Ca level in response to different stimuli.

Clinical outcomes and safety of CAR-T cells in treatment of T-Cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma.

Relapsed or refractory T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (r/r T-ALL/LBL) are frequently aggressive and associated with unfavorable prognoses. Pan-targeted Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy have shown promising results in clinical trials. In recent years, CD7 CAR T-cell and CD5 CAR T-cell demonstrate effectiveness in treating r/r T-ALL/LBL patients with bone marrow infiltration.

A long-context language model for deciphering and generating bacteriophage genomes.

Inspired by the success of large language models (LLMs), we develop a long-context generative model for genomes. Our multiscale transformer model, megaDNA, is pre-trained on unannotated bacteriophage genomes with nucleotide-level tokenization. We demonstrate the foundational capabilities of our model including the prediction of essential genes, genetic variant effects, regulatory element activity and taxonomy of unannotated sequences.

Heterointerface of Monodispersed Ultrathin-MnO@Amorphous Carbon to Attain Durable Lattice Oxygen Redox Chemistry through Creation of Dual Lattice Oxygens.

Lattice oxygen (O) redox chemistry is a key to alleviating the energy and environmental crisis, but it faces challenges in activating the O while ensuring structural stability. We disclosed herein that engineering a heterogeneous interface between ultrathin oxide and amorphous carbon can attain the durable O redox chemistry without introducing catalytically impure sites. To this end, we proposed a green strategy to grow ∼3.

Needle and Branch Trait Variation Analysis and Associated SNP Loci Mining in .

Needles play key roles in photosynthesis and branch growth in . However, genetic variation and SNP marker mining associated with needle and branch-related traits have not been reported yet. In this study, we examined 131 samples of unrelated genotypes from provenance trails.

Macrophage NRF1 promotes mitochondrial protein turnover via the ubiquitin proteasome system to limit mitochondrial stress and inflammation.

Macrophage elaboration of inflammatory responses is dynamically regulated, shifting from acute induction to delayed suppression during the course of infection. Here, we show that such regulation of inflammation is modulated by dynamic shifts in metabolism. In macrophages exposed to the bacterial product lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an initial induction of protein biosynthesis is followed by compensatory induction of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 1 (NRF1), leading to increased flux through the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS).

Hydrophilicity Dependent Distribution of Water at Ionic Liquids/Metal Interface Monitored by Electrochemical SERS.

The understanding of the interfacial processes is critically important for extending the practical application of ionic liquids, particularly for the role of interfacial water. In the electrochemical system based on ionic liquid electrolytes, small amounts of water at the interface generate a significant change in the electrochemical behaviors of ionic liquids. Therefore, the investigation on the interfacial behavior of water is highly desired in ionic liquids with different anions, water content, and hydrophilicity.

In Situ Formed Gel Polymer Electrolytes Enable Stable Solid Electrolyte Interface for High-Performance Lithium Metal Batteries.

Carbonate-based electrolytes show distinct advantages in high-voltage cathodes but generate nonuniform and mechanically fragile solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) in lithium (Li) metal batteries. Herein, we propose a LiF-rich SEI incorporating an in situ polymerized poly(hexamethylene diisocyanate)-based gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) to improve the homogeneity and mechanical stability of SEI. Fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) as a fluorine-based additive for building LiF-rich SEI on Li metal electrodes.

Step-induced double-row pattern of interfacial water on rutile TiO(110) under electrochemical conditions.

Metal oxides are promising (photo)electrocatalysts for sustainable energy technologies due to their good activity and abundant resources. Their applications such as photocatalytic water splitting predominantly involve aqueous interfaces under electrochemical conditions, but probing oxide-water interfaces is proven to be extremely challenging. Here, we present an electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (EC-STM) study on the rutile TiO(110)-water interface, and by tuning surface redox chemistry with careful potential control we are able to obtain high quality images of interfacial structures with atomic details.

A weakly coordinating-intervention strategy for modulating Na solvation sheathes and constructing robust interphase in sodium-metal batteries.

Constructing powerful anode/cathode interphases by modulate ion solvation structure is the principle of electrolyte design. However, the methodological and theoretical design principles of electrolyte/solvation structure and their effect on electrochemical performance are still vague. Here, we propose a cationic weakly coordinating-intervention strategy for modulating the Na solvation sheathes and constructing robust anode/cathode interphases in sodium-metal batteries.

Unraveling the energy storage mechanism in graphene-based nonaqueous electrochemical capacitors by gap-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.

Graphene has been extensively utilized as an electrode material for nonaqueous electrochemical capacitors. However, a comprehensive understanding of the charging mechanism and ion arrangement at the graphene/electrolyte interface remain elusive. Herein, a gap-enhanced Raman spectroscopic strategy is designed to characterize the dynamic interfacial process of graphene with an adjustable number of layers, which is based on synergistic enhancement of localized surface plasmons from shell-isolated nanoparticles and a metal substrate.

Effects of carbon source variability on enhanced Bio-hydrogen production.

This study investigated how glucose, starch, and rapeseed oil, three common food waste components with diverse molecular and physicochemical characteristics, influenced hydrogen production and microbial communities in dark fermentation under varying carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratios. The results indicated that glucose and starch groups, significantly increased hydrogen yields to 235 mL H/gVS (C/N = 40) and 234 mL H/gVS (C/N = 40), respectively, while rapeseed oil, with a lower yield of 30 mL H/gVS (C/N = 20), demonstrated a negative impact. Additionally, an accumulation of propionate was observed with increasing carbon source complexity, suggesting that simpler carbon sources favored hydrogen production and bacterial growth.

Inspection Robot Navigation Based on Improved TD3 Algorithm.

The swift advancements in robotics have rendered navigation an essential task for mobile robots. While map-based navigation methods depend on global environmental maps for decision-making, their efficacy in unfamiliar or dynamic settings falls short. Current deep reinforcement learning navigation strategies can navigate successfully without pre-existing map data, yet they grapple with issues like inefficient training, slow convergence, and infrequent rewards.

Reinforcing 2D Single-Crystal BiOCO with Additional Interlayer Carbonates by CO-Assisted Solid-to-Solid Phase Transition.

A facile gaseous CO mediated solid-to-solid transformation principle is adopted to insert additional CO anions into the thin single-crystal nanosheets of BiOCO, which is built of periodic arrays of intrinsic CO anions and (BiO) layers. The additional CO anions create abundant defects. The BiOCO nanosheets with rich interlayer CO exhibit superior electronic properties and charge transfer kinetics than the pristine single-crystal 2D BiOCO and display enhanced catalytic activity in photocatalytic CO reduction reaction and the photocatalytic oxidative degradation of organic pollutants.

In Situ Electrochemical Atomic Force Microscopy: From Interfaces to Interphases.

The electrochemical interface formed between an electrode and an electrolyte significantly affects the rate and mechanism of the electrode reaction through its structure and properties, which vary across the interface. The scope of the interface has been expanded, along with the development of energy electrochemistry, where a solid-electrolyte interphase may form on the electrode and the active materials change properties near the surface region. Developing a comprehensive understanding of electrochemical interfaces and interphases necessitates three-dimensional spatial resolution characterization.

Molecular mechanism of endophytic bacteria DX120E regulating polyamine metabolism and promoting plant growth in sugarcane.

Introduction: Sugarcane endophytic nitrogen-fixing bacterium DX120E displayed broad impact on growth, but the exact biological mechanism, especially polyamines (PAs) role, is still meager.

Methods: To reveal this relationship, the content of polyamine oxidase (PAO), PAs, reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging antioxidative enzymes, phytohormones, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic synthase (ACS), chlorophyll content, and biomass were determined in sugarcane incubated with the DX120E strain. In addition, expression levels of the genes associated with polyamine metabolism were measured by transcriptomic analysis.

Cross-Linkable Fullerene Enables Elastic and Conductive Grain Boundaries for Efficient and Wearable Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells.

Tin-based perovskite solar cells (TPSCs) have received increasing attention due to their low toxicity, high theoretical efficiency, and potential applications as wearable devices. However, the inherent fast and uncontrollable crystallization process of tin-based perovskites results in high defect density in the film. Meanwhile, when fabricated into flexible devices, the prepared perovskite film exhibits inevitable brittleness and high Young's modulus, seriously weakening the mechanical stability.

Riboformer: a deep learning framework for predicting context-dependent translation dynamics.

Translation elongation is essential for maintaining cellular proteostasis, and alterations in the translational landscape are associated with a range of diseases. Ribosome profiling allows detailed measurements of translation at the genome scale. However, it remains unclear how to disentangle biological variations from technical artifacts in these data and identify sequence determinants of translation dysregulation.

General and Scalable Synthesis of Mesoporous 2D MZrO (M = Co, Mn, Ni, Cu, Fe) Nanocatalysts by Amorphous-to-Crystalline Transformation.

In modern heterogeneous catalysis, it remains highly challenging to create stable, low-cost, mesoporous 2D photo-/electro-catalysts that carry atomically dispersed active sites. In this work, a general shape-preserving amorphous-to-crystalline transformation (ACT) strategy is developed to dope various transition metal (TM) heteroatoms in ZrO, which enabled the scalable synthesis of TMs/oxide with a mesoporous 2D structure and rich defects. During the ACT process, the amorphous MZrO nanoparticles (M = Fe, Ni, Cu, Co, Mn) are deposited within a confined space created by the NaCl template, and they transform to crystalline 2D ACT-MZrO nanosheets in a shape-preserving manner.

Cell size homeostasis is tightly controlled throughout the cell cycle.

To achieve a stable size distribution over multiple generations, proliferating cells require a means of counteracting stochastic noise in the rate of growth, the time spent in various phases of the cell cycle, and the imprecision in the placement of the plane of cell division. In the most widely accepted model, cell size is thought to be regulated at the G1/S transition, such that cells smaller than a critical size pause at the end of G1 phase until they have accumulated mass to a predetermined size threshold, at which point the cells proceed through the rest of the cell cycle. However, a model, based solely on a specific size checkpoint at G1/S, cannot readily explain why cells with deficient G1/S control mechanisms are still able to maintain a very stable cell size distribution.