Carbon and phosphorus co-doped carbon nitride hollow tube for improved photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

Graphitic carbon nitride, regarded as a charming conjugated polymer, has been a visible light photocatalyst. Bulk carbon nitride endures the limited light absorption ability, few surface active sites and slow separation of photoinduced charge carriers, leading to the poor catalytic activity. Herein, a new carbon (C) and phosphorus (P) co-doped carbon nitride hollow tube with adjustable optical property (CPCN) was developed by applying melamine and polyacrylic amide as the precursors and phosphoric acid as the P source via a hydrothermal-thermal copolymerization way.

LncRNA NEAT1 promotes malignant phenotypes and TMZ resistance in glioblastoma stem cells by regulating let-7g-5p/MAP3K1 axis.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most malign brain tumors in adults. Temozolomide (TMZ) is an oral chemotherapy drug constituting the backbone of chemotherapy regimens utilized as first-line treatment of GBM. However, resistance to TMZ often leads to treatment failure.

Construction of three-dimensional mesoporous carbon nitride with high surface area for efficient visible-light-driven hydrogen evolution.

Carbon nitride, as an outstanding photocatalyst for hydrogen production, displays a limited photocatalytic performance on account of the insufficient light absorption and low surface area. Herein, three-dimensional mesoporous carbon nitride with large surface area was prepared by using freeze-dried cyanuric acid-melamine supramolecular aggregates and ionic liquid as precursor and template, respectively. The results find that as-prepared carbon nitride materials possess the 3D interconnected open-framework with porous channels owing to the decomposition of ionic liquid and precursor under high temperature calcination, which in favor of the contact between active sites and reactants as well as the improvement of charge carrier transport rate.

Ag-Based nanocomposites: synthesis and applications in catalysis.

Ag-Based nanocomposites, including supported Ag nanocomposites and bimetallic Ag nanocomposites, have been intensively investigated as highly efficient catalysts because of their high activity and stability, easy preparation, low cost, and low toxicity. Herein, we systematically summarize and comprehensively evaluate versatile synthetic strategies for the preparation of Ag-based nanocomposites, and outline their recent advances in catalytic oxidation, catalytic reduction, photocatalysis and electrocatalysis. In addition, the challenges and prospects related to Ag-based nanocomposites for various catalytic applications are also discussed.

Hierarchical Honeycomb Br-, N-Codoped TiO with Enhanced Visible-Light Photocatalytic H Production.

The halogen elements modification strategy of TiO encounters a bottleneck in visible-light H production. Herein, we have for the first time reported a hierarchical honeycomb Br-, N-codoped anatase TiO catalyst (HM-Br,N/TiO) with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic H production. During the synthesizing process, large amounts of meso-macroporous channels and TiO nanosheets were fabricated in massive TiO automatically, constructing the hierarchical honeycomb structure with large specific surface area (464 m g).

CdS nanosphere-decorated hollow polyhedral ZCO derived from a metal-organic framework (MOF) for effective photocatalytic water evolution.

Semiconductor nanostructures have received considerable attention in the field of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. However, eco-friendly, high efficiency, and low-cost semiconductor materials are still desired. In consideration of this, herein, we design a new and economic noble-metal-free CdS/ZnCoO (CdS/ZCO) nanohybrid photocatalyst using a metal-organic framework (MOF) template, which is a framework structure composed of organic ligands and metal ion nodes with different numbers of connections.

Synthesis of ordered mesoporous LaO-ZrO composites with encapsulated Pt NPs and the effect of La-dopping on catalytic activity.

In this work, we report a feasible approach to synthesize a ternary nanocomposites, Pt/lanthanum doped mesoporous zirconium oxide (Pt/LaO-ZrO), via an effective two-step method. Ordered mesoporous LaO-ZrO composites were firstly fabricated with mesoporous silica KIT-6 as a hard template. Subsequently, uniform Pt nanoparticles encapsulated by 4 hydroxyl-terminated poly (amidoamine) (G4-OH PAMAM) dendrimers were deposited on the LaO-ZrO composites.

Visible-light photo-Fenton oxidation of phenol with rGO-α-FeOOH supported on Al-doped mesoporous silica (MCM-41) at neutral pH: Performance and optimization of the catalyst.

In this study, α-FeOOH on reduced graphene oxide (rGO-α-FeOOH) supported on an Al-doped MCM-41 catalyst (RFAM) was optimized for the visible-light photo-Fenton oxidation of phenol at neutral pH. The stability of the catalysts, effect of bubbling aeration, and degradation intermediates were investigated. Results indicated that RFAM with a large Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) area and mesoporous structure displayed excellent catalytic activity for the visible-light-driven (VLD) photo-Fenton process.

Synthesis and characterization of hollow ZrO(2)TiO(2)/Au spheres as a highly thermal stability nanocatalyst.

A novel binary-metal-oxide-coated hollow microspheres-titanium dioxide-zirconium dioxide-coated Au nanocatalyst was prepared via a facile hydrothermal synthesis method. SEM, TEM, EDX, FTIR, XRD, UV-vis and XPS analyses were employed to characterize the composition, structure, and morphology of ZrO-TiO hollow spheres. The size of Au nanoparticles was found to be 3-5nm in diameter before being immobilized on the aforementioned mesoporous ZrO-TiO layer and used as catalysts in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol by NaBH.

Fabrication of Ellipsoidal Silica Yolk-Shell Magnetic Structures with Extremely Stable Au Nanoparticles as Highly Reactive and Recoverable Catalysts.

A novel strategy was reported for the fabrication of yolk-shell magnetic MFSVmS-Au nanocomposites (NCs) consisting of double-layered ellipsoidal mesoporous silica shells, numerous sub-4 nm Au nanoparticles (NPs), and magnetic Fe central cores. The hierarchical FSVmS NCs with ellipsoidal α-FeO@mSiO/mSiO as yolks/shells were first prepared through the facile sol-gel template-assisted method, and plenty of extremely stable ultrafine Au NPs were postencapsulated within interlayer cavities through the unique deposition-precipitation method mediated with Au(en)Cl compounds. Notably, ethylenediamine ligands were used to synthesize the stable cationic complexes, [Au(en)], that readily underwent the deprotonation reaction to chemically modify negatively charged mesoporous silica under alkaline conditions.

Novel RGO/α-FeOOH supported catalyst for Fenton oxidation of phenol at a wide pH range using solar-light-driven irradiation.

A novel solar-light-driven (SLD) Fenton catalyst was developed by reducing the ferrous-ion onto graphene oxide (GO) and forming reduced graphene oxide/α-FeOOH composites (RF) via in-situ induced self-assembly process. The RF was supported on several mesoporous supports (i.e.

Double-Shelled TiO Hollow Spheres Assembled with TiO Nanosheets.

High-quality double-shelled TiO hollow spheres (DHS-Ti) assembled with TiO nanosheets have been synthesized for the first time through a simple hydrothermal treatment of sSiO @TiO (TiO -coated solid SiO spheres). The double-shelled structure shows a high BET surface area up to 417.6 m  g .

In-situ formation of supported Au nanoparticles in hierarchical yolk-shell CeO/mSiO structures as highly reactive and sinter-resistant catalysts.

A novel strategy was described to construct Au-based yolk-shell SCVmS-Au nanocomposites (NCs), which combined the sol-gel template-assisted process for the assembly of hierarchical SCVmS NCs with modified CeO/mSiO as yolks/shells, and the unique deposition-precipitation (DP) process mediated with Au(en)Cl compounds for the synthesis of extremely stable supported Au nanoparticles (NPs). Characterization results indicated that the obtained SCVmS-Au NCs featured mesoporous silica shells, tunable interlayer voids, movable CeO-modified cores and numerous sub-5nm Au NPs. Notably, the Au(en)Cl was employed as gold precursors to chemically modify into the modulated yolk-shell structure through the DP process and the subsequent low-temperature hydrogen reduction induced the in-situ formation of abundant supported Au NPs, bestowing these metal NPs with ultrafine grain size and outstanding sinter-resistant properties that endured harsh thermal conditions up to 750°C.

Different expression of miR-29b and VEGFA in glioma.

Glioma is one of the most common carcinomas in terms of both incidence and mortality worldwide. This is a case-control study with 240 cases and age- and gender-matched controls in the rate of 1:1. The results of this present word indicated that the expressions of both miR-29b and VEGFA in blood were significantly different compared with the control group, and thus may help to differentiate glioma cases from the controls.

miR-155 Regulates Glioma Cells Invasion and Chemosensitivity by p38 Isforms In Vitro.

The critical role of microRNAs in cancer development has been extensively described. miRNAs are both specific markers and putative therapy targets. miR-155 has been identified to be an oncomiRNA and is highly expressed in several solid cancers, including glioblastoma.

Decreased expression of the SPOP gene is associated with poor prognosis in glioma.

This study suggests that speckle-type POZ protein (SPOP) may be a tumor suppressor gene and its prognostic value in human glioma. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT‑PCR), western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining were used to examine SPOP expression in glioma tissues and normal brain (NB) tissues. The relationships between the SPOP expression levels, the clinicopathological factors, and patient survival were investigated.

Comparison of administration routes for adipose-derived stem cells in the treatment of middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.

Given that adult adipose tissue is an abundant, accessible and safe source of stem cells, the use of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) provides a promising approach in ischemic stroke. The delivery route, however, for transplantation of ADSCs in clinical application remains controversial regarding the time window, cell type, safety issues, 'first pass' effect and therapeutic effect. To determine the optimal administration route in transplantation of ADSCs, we compared the therapeutic effect of the three mainly used administration routes of ADSCs in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model.

Schwann cells differentiated from adipose‑derived stem cells for the treatment of brain contusion.

Rapid development of tissue engineering techniques has led to the possibility of treating central nervous injuries with Schwann cells (SCs). However, certain characteristics of SCs, such as a low proliferation ability, greatly restrict their use. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether SCs differentiated from adipose‑derived stem cells (ADSC‑SCs) could used to promote functional recovery in brain contusion in rat.

Role of podocalyxin in astrocytoma: Clinicopathological and evidence.

The present study examined the expression of podocalyxin (PODX) in surgically-resected astrocytomas, associated the levels of PODX expression with the clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes of astrocytoma and assessed how PODX affected the viability of astrocytoma cells following the administration of chemotherapeutic agents. The immunohistochemical analysis of 102 patient samples revealed that a high expression of PODX was significantly associated with high-grade astrocytomas (P<0.001) and a high Ki-67 labeling index (LI; P<0.

Let-7b expression determines response to chemotherapy through the regulation of cyclin D1 in glioblastoma.

Background: Glioblastoma is the most common type of primary brain tumors. Cisplatin is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for Glioblastoma patients. Despite a consistent rate of initial responses, cisplatin treatment often develops chemoresistance, leading to therapeutic failure.

Podocalyxin regulates astrocytoma cell invasion and survival against temozolomide.

Increased podocalyxin (PODXL) expression has been associated with a subset of aggressive types of cancer. To the best of our knowledge, the effect of PODXL on astrocytoma cell invasion and survival against chemotherapy agent was investigated for the first time in the present study. Overexpression and knockdown of PODXL were respectively performed in SW1783 (grade III astrocytoma) and U-87 (grade IV astrocytoma; gliobalstoma) cells.

Wnt inhibitory factor-1 regulates glioblastoma cell cycle and proliferation.

Wnt proteins are powerful regulators of cell proliferation and differentiation, and activation of the Wnt signalling pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of several types of human tumours. Wnt inhibitory factor-1 (WIF-1) acts as a Wnt antagonist and tumour suppressor. Previous studies have shown that reducing expression of the WIF-1 gene aberrantly activates Wnt signalling and induces the development of certain types of cancers.

Expression of TNKS1 is correlated with pathologic grade and Wnt/β-catenin pathway in human astrocytomas.

Astrocytoma is the most common neoplasm of the central nervous system, and its malignancy is closely related to activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Accumulated evidence shows that tankyrase (TNKS) is necessary for the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, stabilizing β-catenin, and that TNKS1, a major member of the TNKS family, is involved in a wide range of human cancers. However, the expression of TNKS1 and the molecular relationship between TNKS1 and β-catenin in human astrocytomas is largely unknown.

RRP22: a novel neural tumor suppressor for astrocytoma.

Astrocytomas are the most common neoplasm of the central nervous system. Although progress has been made, the survival rate of astrocytoma is still poor. Therefore, improving the prognosis of patients with astrocytomas relies on effective therapies that are directed against unique molecular aberrations.