San Huang Xiao Yan recipe promoted wound healing in diabetic ulcer mice by inhibiting Th17 cell differentiation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Diabetic ulcer is a serious diabetes complication and a primary reason for amputations. For many years, the San Huang Xiao Yan (SHXY) recipe has served as a conventional remedy for these ulcers, effectively reducing inflammatory factors and exhibiting considerable therapeutic efficacy. However, the precise mechanism remains incompletely understood.

A novel self-assembling peptide nanofiber hydrogel with glucagon-like peptide-1 functionality enhances islet survival to improve islet transplantation outcome in diabetes treatment.

Islet transplantation is a promising therapy for diabetes, yet the limited survival and functionality of transplanted islet grafts hinder optimal outcomes. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), an endogenous hormone, has shown potential to enhance islet survival and function; however, its systemic administration can result in poor localization and undesirable side effects. To address these challenges, we developed a novel peptide-based nanofiber hydrogel incorporating GLP-1 functionality for localized delivery.

Proteomic analysis for busulfan-induced spermatogenesis disorder.

Background: Busulfan is the most commonly used drug for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and pretreatment for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which can damage the reproductive and immune system. However, little is known about the protein expression profiling in busulfan treated testis.

Methods: This research studies the proteomics for busulfan-induced spermatogenesis disorder.

Accuracy of real-time polymerase chain reaction test for Group B Streptococcus detection in pregnant women: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the performance of RT PCR of GBS screening in pregnant women under different situations, especially compared to different reference methods (culture or composite standards) and preprocessing before detection (directly or enrichment).

Materials And Methods: We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, EMBASE, and Google Scholar, and clinical trial registries such as ClinicalTrials.gov and WHO ICTRP until March 2024.

Ligand-Enabled Pd-Catalyzed sp C-H Macrocyclization: Synthesis and Evaluation of Macrocyclic Sulfonamide for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease.

The development of simplified synthetic strategy to create structurally and functionally diverse pseudo-natural macrocyclic molecules is highly appealing but poses a marked challenge. Inspired by natural scaffolds, herein, we describe a practical and concise ligand-enabled Pd(II)-catalyzed sp C-H alkylation, olefination and arylation macrocyclization, which could offer a novel set of pseudo-natural macrocyclic sulfonamides. Interestingly, the potential of ligand acceleration in C-H activation is also demonstrated by an unprecedented enantioselective sp C-H alkylation macrocyclization.

Small Molecule Targeting PPM1A Activates Autophagy for Host-Directed Therapy.

(Mtb), the infectious agent of tuberculosis (TB), causes over 1.5 million deaths globally every year. Host-directed therapies (HDT) for TB are desirable for their potential to shorten treatment and reduce the development of antibiotic resistance.

Cloning and functional verification of the male sterile gene BrQRT3 in Chinese cabbage.

Chinese cabbage is a cross-pollinated crop with significant heterosis, and male sterile lines are an important way to produce hybrid seeds. In this study, a male sterile mutant msm0795 was identified in an EMS-mutagenized population of Chinese cabbage. Cytological observations revealed that the microspores failed to separate after the tetrad stage, and thus developed into abnormal pollen grains, resulting in anther abortion.

The impact of chitooligosaccharides with a certain degree of polymerization on diabetic nephropathic mice and high glucose-damaged HK-2 cells.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a primary diabetic complication ascribed to the pathological changes in renal microvessels. This study investigated the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch ECH associating protein (Keap1)/antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway impact of chitooligosaccharides (COS) with a certain degree of polymerization (DP) on DN mouse models and high glucose-damaged human kidney 2 (HK-2) cells. The findings indicated that COS effectively reduced the renal function indexes (uric acid [UA], urinary albumin excretion rate [UAER], urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio [UACR], blood urea nitrogen [BUN], and creatinine [Cre]) of DN mice.

BrBCAT1 mutation resulted in deficiency of epicuticular wax crystal in Chinese cabbage.

BrBCAT1 encoding a branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase was responsible for the glossy trait, which was verified by allelic mutants in Chinese cabbage. The glossy characteristic, thanks to the epicuticular wax crystal deficiency, is an excellent commodity character for leafy vegetables. Herein, two allelic glossy green mutants, wdm11 and wdm12, were isolated from an ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized population of Chinese cabbage, and the mutant phenotype was recessive inherited.

Mutation in BrFLS encoding flavonol synthase induced anthocyanin accumulation in Chinese cabbage.

BrFLS mutation promoted anthocyanin accumulation in Chinese cabbage, which was verified in four allelic mutants. Chinese cabbage is a major vegetable crop in Eastern Asia. Anthocyanin-rich vibrantly colored varieties are increasingly favored by consumers for their higher nutritional and aesthetic value compared to the typical green varieties of Chinese cabbage.

BrKCS6 mutation conferred a bright glossy phenotype to Chinese cabbage.

BrKCS6 encoding 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthases was cloned through MutMap and KASP analysis, and its function was verified via allelic mutants in Chinese cabbage. Bright and glossy green appearance is an attractive commodity character for leafy vegetables and is mainly caused by the absence of epicuticular wax crystals. In this study, two allelic epicuticular wax crystal deficiency mutants, wdm9 and wdm10, were obtained from an EMS mutagenesis population of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L.

Sucrose-induced hyperglycemia dysregulates intestinal zinc metabolism and integrity: risk factors for chronic diseases.

Objective: Zinc is an essential micronutrient that is critical for many physiological processes, including glucose metabolism, regulation of inflammation, and intestinal barrier function. Further, zinc dysregulation is associated with an increased risk of chronic inflammatory diseases such as type II diabetes, obesity, and inflammatory bowel disease. However, whether altered zinc status is a symptom or cause of disease onset remains unclear.

The inhibition of FKBP5 protects β-cell survival under inflammation stress via AKT/FOXO1 signaling.

The FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51, encoded by FKBP5 gene) has emerged as a critical regulator of mammalian endocrine stress responses and as a potential pharmacological target for metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, in β cells, which secrete the only glucose-lowering hormone-insulin, the expression and function of FKBP5 has not been documented. Here, using human pancreatic tissue and primary human islets, we demonstrated the abundant expression of FKBP5 in β cells, which displayed an responsive induction upon acute inflammatory stress mimicked by in vitro treatment with a cocktail of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α).

Maternal NAT10 orchestrates oocyte meiotic cell-cycle progression and maturation in mice.

In mammals, the production of mature oocytes necessitates rigorous regulation of the discontinuous meiotic cell-cycle progression at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. However, the factors underlying this sophisticated but explicit process remain largely unclear. Here we characterize the function of N-acetyltransferase 10 (Nat10), a writer for N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) on RNA molecules, in mouse oocyte development.

Biallelic variants in () cause female infertility characterized by oocyte maturation arrest.

Human oocyte maturation arrest represents one of the severe conditions for female patients with primary infertility. However, the genetic factors underlying this human disease remain largely unknown. The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is an intricate surveillance mechanism that ensures accurate segregation of chromosomes throughout cell cycles.

Characteristics of research-focused human islet preparations from organ donors with type 2 diabetes.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) affects 463 million individuals worldwide. β-cell dysfunction and relatively inadequate β-cell mass has been implicated in the pathogenesis of T2D. Primary human islets from T2D patients can reveal the islet dysfunction and the underlying mechanisms and thus have become valued resources for diabetes research.

Mutation Disrupted Leaf Flattening in Chinese Cabbage ( L. ssp. ).

Leaf flattening plays a vital role in the establishment of plant architecture, which is closely related to plant photosynthesis and, thus, influences the product yield and quality of Chinese cabbage. In this study, we used the doubled haploid line 'FT' of Chinese cabbage as the wild type for ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis and obtained a mutant with stably inherited compact and wrinkled leaves. Genetic analysis revealed that the mutated trait was controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene, .

Protection of γ-Amino Butyric Acid on Radiation Induced Intestinal Injury in Mice.

Scope: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) represents positive effects in stress model, but the exact antioxidant remains unclear. This study aims to determine what GABA do and how GABA interfere on oxidative stress in the small intestine of radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII) mice.

Methods And Results: C57BL/6J mice are gavaged.

Investigation of the Key Genes Associated with Anthocyanin Accumulation during Inner Leaf Reddening in Ornamental Kale ( L. var. ).

Ornamental kale ( L. var. ) is a popular decorative plant in late autumn and winter.

BrACOS5 mutations induced male sterility via impeding pollen exine formation in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis).

BrACOS5 mutations led to male sterility of Chinese cabbage verified in three allelic male-sterile mutants. Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp.

Quantitative analysis of terahertz signals using CWT-based spectrogram and Zernike image moments.

The combination of terahertz (THz) spectroscopic measurements and multivariate calibration techniques has become a well-established technique in many research fields. However, intentional or unintentional changes in environmental conditions, THz instruments and/or of the substance itself make the established calibration model becoming insufficient and inadequate for the further application. In this article, we introduce, discuss, and evaluate a new multivariate calibration method, the CWT-ZM, that combines the merits of the Zernike moment (ZM) invariance and the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) time-frequency analysis.