New findings of (Eugaleaspiformes, Galeaspida) from the Xiaoxi Formation in South China and their biostratigraphic significance.

New discoveries of the late Silurian fossil fish (Eugaleaspidae, Eugaleaspiformes, Galeaspida), sp. nov. and sp.

Epidemiology, Process of Care, and Associated Outcomes of Pediatric Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in China: Results From a Prospective, Multicenter, Population-Based Registry.

Objectives: To comprehensively describe the incidence, process of care, outcomes, and variation among different age groups of pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in China.

Design: The Baseline Investigation of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (BASIC-OHCA) is a prospective, multicenter, population-based registry of emergency medical services (EMS)-assessed OHCA in China.

Setting: A total of 25 monitoring sites of all seven geographical regions were included, covering a pediatric population (age ≤ 19) of around 22.

Efficacy and safety of complement inhibitors in patients with geographic atrophy associated with age-related macular degeneration: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Importance: Clinical trials in recent years have shown significant effectiveness of complement inhibitors for geographic atrophy (GA) treatment. Two complement inhibitor drugs have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Objective: to compare and rank the different complement inhibitors in the treatment of GA secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Proton motive force and antibiotic tolerance in bacteria.

Bacterial antibiotic tolerance is a decades-old phenomenon in which a bacterial sub-population, commonly known as persisters, does not respond to antibiotics and remains viable upon prolonged antimicrobial treatment. Persisters are detectable in populations of bacterial strains that are not antibiotic-resistant and are known to be responsible for treatment failure and the occurrence of chronic and recurrent infection. The clinical significance of antibiotic tolerance is increasingly being recognized and comparable to antibiotic resistance.

Organic fertilizer improved the lead and cadmium metal tolerance of by enhancing the uptake of potassium, phosphorus, and calcium.

Phytoremediation is a strategy for the amelioration of soil heavy metal contamination that aligns with ecological sustainability principles. Among the spectrum of phytoremediation candidates, woody plants are considered particularly adept for their substantial biomass, profound root systems, and non-participation in the food chain. This study used -a tree species characterized for its high biomass and rapid growth rate-to assess its growth and metal uptake in mining tailings.

Near-Surface Air Temperature Estimation Based on an Improved Conditional Generative Adversarial Network.

To address the issue of missing near-surface air temperature data caused by the uneven distribution of ground meteorological observation stations, we propose a method for near-surface air temperature estimation based on an improved conditional generative adversarial network (CGAN) framework. Leveraging the all-weather coverage advantage of Fengyun meteorological satellites, Fengyun-4A (FY-4A) satellite remote sensing data are utilized as conditional guiding information for the CGAN, helping to direct and constrain the near-surface air temperature estimation process. In the proposed network model of the method based on the conditional generative adversarial network structure, the generator combining a self-attention mechanism and cascaded residual blocks is designed with U-Net as the backbone, which extracts implicit feature information and suppresses the irrelevant information in the Fengyun satellite data.

Reliabilities of three methods used to evaluate computer-assisted mandibular reconstructions using free fibula flaps.

Objective: This study compared the reliabilities of three different methods used to calculate surgical deviations after mandibular reconstructions using free fibular flaps.

Study Design: This retrospective study involved 35 patients who underwent computer-assisted mandibular reconstructions using free fibula flaps. The deviations between the virtual surgical plans and the postoperative results were independently analyzed by two researchers using three distinct methods.

A machine-learning model of academic resilience in the times of the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence drawn from 79 countries/economies in the PISA 2022 mathematics study.

Background: Given that students from socio-economically disadvantaged family backgrounds are more likely to suffer from low academic performance, there is an interest in identifying features of academic resilience, which may mitigate the relationship between disadvantaged socio-economic status and academic performance.

Aims: This study sought to combine machine learning and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) technique to identify key features of academic resilience in mathematics learning during COVID-19.

Materials And Methods: Based on PISA 2022 data in 79 countries/economies, the random forest model coupled with Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) value technique not only uncovered the key features of academic resilience but also examined the contributions of each key feature.

Thermoplastic PHB-Reinforced Chitosan Piezoelectric Films for Biodegradable Pressure Sensors.

Flexible and wearable pressure sensors have attracted significant attention in the fields of smart medicine and human health monitoring. Nevertheless, the design and fabrication of degradable disposable pressure sensors still face urgent challenges. Herein, we fabricated poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB)-reinforced chitosan (CS) piezoelectric films for intelligent sensors through a simple, low-cost, and environmentally friendly roll-forming method.

Study on the effects of different ammonium salts on baked bread.

Three different ammonium salts, namely diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium bicarbonate, and ammonium carbonate, were added into bread samples as an additive to analyze their effects on bread. The color, texture, deoxyfructosazine of the functional substance, and pyrazine flavor substance, which were closely related to the quality of the bread, were analyzed. The addition of ammonium salts during the preparation of bread led to the darkening and hardening of the bread.

Effects of a nurse-led motor function rehabilitation training program for patients with ischemic stroke and family caregivers: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Both individuals and society bear a considerable burden from ischemic stroke (IS), not only do patients continue suffering from motor dysfunction after discharge from hospital, but their caregivers also undertake the principal responsibility of assisting them in reintegrating into the family and society. To better improve the IS patients' limb function and daily life activities, their caregivers should also be involved in the training of the motor function rehabilitation during the period transitioning from hospital back home. This study mainly aims to investigate the effects of a nurse-led training for IS patients and their family caregivers on the improvement of the patients' physical function and the burden of caregivers.

Overview of the chemistry and biological activities of natural atisine-type diterpenoid alkaloids.

Atisine-type C-diterpenoid alkaloids (DAs) are a very important class of diterpenoid alkaloids, which play an important role in the biosynthesis of DAs. To date, 87 atisine-type DAs and 11 bis-DAs containing an atisine unit have been reported from five genera in two families. The genus in Rosaceae family could be regarded as the richest resource for atisine-type DAs, followed by the genera and in the Ranunculaceae family.

Effects of Commonly used Surfactants, Poloxamer 188 and Tween 80, on the Drug Transport Capacity of Intestinal Glucose Transporters.

Some glycoside drugs can be transported through intestinal glucose transporters (IGTs). The surfactants used in oral drug preparations can affect the function of transporter proteins. This study aimed to investigate the effect of commonly used surfactants, Poloxamer 188 and Tween 80, on the drug transport capacity of IGTs.

A three-dimensional quantitative assessment on bony growth and symmetrical recovery of mandible after decompression for unicystic ameloblastoma.

Unicystic ameloblastoma (UAM) of the jaw can be effectively reduced in volume through decompression, which promotes bone regeneration and restores jaw symmetry. This study quantitatively evaluated changes in mandible volume and symmetry following decompression of mandibular UAM. This study included 17 patients who underwent surgical decompression followed by second-stage curettage for mandibular UAM.

Latent Profiles and Transitions of Bedtime Procrastination Among Chinese College Students: The Predictive Roles of Anxiety, Depression, Problematic Smartphone Use and Self-Control.

Background: Bedtime procrastination (BP) has become an important factor affecting individual well-being. This study aimed to assess the stability and changes in BP and examine risk and protective factors.

Methods: The study recruited 1423 respondents.

Evaluating the Causal Effects of Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels on Ischemic Stroke: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) is the leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels hadno potential risk on ischemic stroke. However, higher LDL-C levels were closely related to IS.

Effects of Three Kinds of Carbohydrate Pharmaceutical Excipients-Fructose, Lactose and Arabic Gum on Intestinal Absorption of Gastrodin through Glucose Transport Pathway in Rats.

Background: Some glucoside drugs can be transported via intestinal glucose transporters (IGTs), and the presence of carbohydrate excipients in pharmaceutical formulations may influence the absorption of them. This study, using gastrodin as probe drug, aimed to explore the effects of fructose, lactose, and arabic gum on intestinal drug absorption mediated by the glucose transport pathway.

Methods: The influence of fructose, lactose, and arabic gum on gastrodin absorption was assessed via pharmacokinetic experiments and single-pass intestinal perfusion.

Prevalence and risk factors associated with circadian syndrome in community-dwelling middle-aged to older adults: Based on health ecology model.

Objectives: To explore the prevalence and risk factors associated with circadian syndrome (CricS) in community-dwelling middle-aged to older adults.

Method: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 13,516 participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). We used logistic regression to compute the odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (Cls), using covariates derived through the health ecology model.

Fiber-in-Tube Electrifiable Structure for Virus Filtration Self-Generated Static Electricity by Vibration/Sound.

Fiber has been considered as an ideal material for virus insulation due to the readily available electrostatic adsorption. However, restricted by the electrostatic attenuation and filtration performance decline, their long-lasting applications are unable to satisfy the requirements of medical protective equipment for major medical and health emergencies such as global epidemics, which results in both a waste of resources and environmental pollution. We overcame these issues by constructing a fiber-in-tube structure, achieving the robust reusability of fibrous membranes.

Constructing a interfacial electric field for efficient reduction of nitrogen to ammonia.

Electrochemical nitrogen reduction (eNRR) is a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable approach for ammonia production. MoS, as a typical layered transition metal compound, holds significant potential as an electrocatalyst for the eNRR. Nevertheless, it suffers from a limited number of active sites and low electron transfer efficiency.

Amendments affect the community assembly and co-occurrence network of microorganisms in Cd and Pb tailings of the Eucalyptus camaldulensis rhizosphere.

Mining tailings containing large amounts of Pb and Cd cause severe regional ecosystem pollution. Soil microorganisms play a regulatory role in the restoration of degraded ecosystems. The remediation of heavy metal-contaminated tailings with amendments and economically valuable Eucalyptus camaldulensis is a research hotspot due to its cost-effectiveness and sustainability.

The Anti-Microbial Peptide Citrocin Controls Biofilms by Breaking Down Extracellular Polysaccharide.

Citrocin is an anti-microbial peptide that holds great potential in animal feed. This study evaluates the anti-microbial and anti-biofilm properties of Citrocin and explores the mechanism of action of Citrocin on the biofilm of . The results showed that Citrocin had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 0.

An optimized non-T cell transfection system based on HEK293FT cells for CD3ζ phosphorylation and ubiquitination.

CD3ζ is part of the T cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex that plays a critical role in antigen recognition and subsequent T cell activation. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate CD3ζ can provide new insights into the T cell-mediated immune responses. However, it is challenging to deliver exogenous genes into T cells for functional and mechanistic analyses.

Extracorporeal Versus Conventional Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Propensity Score Matching Cohort Study.

Objective: Comparing the effects of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) and conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CCPR) on outcomes in patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) in China. The benefits of ECPR over CCPR in patients with IHCA remain controversial.

Design: This article analyzed data from the BASeline Investigation of In-hospital Cardiac Arrest (BASIC-IHCA) study, which consecutively enrolled patients with IHCA from July 1, 2019, to December 31, 2020.

The development history, current state, challenges, and future directions of the BASIC-OHCA registry in China: A narrative review.

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is a major public health problem worldwide due to its high burden and poor outcomes. Despite progress in treatment, patient outcomes remain unsatisfactory, particularly in low-resource settings. The establishment of a registry is the first step towards gaining a comprehensive understanding of prevailing local conditions and identifying potential opportunities for improving patient survival.