A sinomenine derivative alleviates bone destruction in collagen-induced arthritis mice by suppressing mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress via the NRF2/HO-1/NQO1 signaling pathway.

Bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) leads to significant disability, yet effective treatments are limited. Sinomenine (Sino) demonstrates anti-arthritic and bone-protective effects but requires high doses. In this study, we developed a Sino derivative, SINX, and evaluated its efficacy in RA.

Low-residue diet with oral nutritional supplements prior to colonoscopy improves the quality of bowel preparation: an endoscopist-blinded, randomized controlled trial.

Background: Poor bowel preparation has been a great problem of endoscopists for a long time. Low-residue diet (LRD) is often recommended on the day before colonoscopy. However, the quality of bowel preparation with LRD alone is suboptimal.

The Beneficial Role of the Thyroid Hormone Receptor Beta 2 () in Facilitating the First Feeding and Subsequent Growth in Medaka as Fish Larval Model.

During the early growth stages of fish larvae, there are significant challenges to their viability, so improving their visual environment is essential to promoting their growth and survival. Following the successful knockout of thyroid hormone receptor beta 2 () using Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 technology, there was an increase in the expression of UV opsin (short-wave-sensitive 1, ), while the expression of other cone opsins was significantly decreased. Further analysis of the retinal structure demonstrated that the knockout resulted in an increased lens thickness and a decreased thickness of the ganglion cell layer (GCL), outer plexiform layer (OPL), and outer nuclear layer (ONL) in the retina.

Multi-scale parallel gated local feature transformer.

Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (VSLAM) is a crucial technology for autonomous mobile vision robots. However, existing methods often suffer from low localization accuracy and poor robustness in scenarios with significant scale variations and low-texture environments, primarily due to insufficient feature extraction and reduced matching precision. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an improved multi-scale local feature matching algorithm based on LoFTR, named MSpGLoFTR.

SGV-caller: SARS-CoV-2 genome variation caller.

Given the pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), continuous analysis of its genomic variations at the nucleotide level is imperative to monitor the emergence of novel variants of concern. The Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) serves as the standard database for the genomic information of SARS-CoV-2. However, limitations of its data-sharing policy hinder the comprehensive analysis of genomic variations.

Antibacterial and Osteogenesis Promotion of Bionic Extracellular Matrix Implant Coating Based on Gallic Acid Self-Assembly.

Oral health problems, particularly tooth defects, can significantly affect people's quality of life and overall well-being. The development of titanium (Ti) dental implants has largely replaced natural tooth roots to prevent periodontal and gastrointestinal diseases. However, challenges such as postoperative bacterial infections and poor osseointegration continue to hinder progress in dental implant technology.

Pharmacological rescue of mutant p53 triggers spontaneous tumor regression via immune responses.

Tumor suppressor p53 is the most frequently mutated protein in cancer, possessing untapped immune-modulating capabilities in anticancer treatment. Here, we investigate the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of pharmacological reactivation of mutant p53 in treating spontaneous tumors in mice. In the p53 R279W (equivalent to the human hotspot R282W) mouse model developing spontaneous tumors, arsenic trioxide (ATO) treatment through drinking water significantly prolongs the survival of mice, dependent on p53-R279W reactivation.

Artificial intelligent recognition for multiple supernumerary teeth in periapical radiographs based on faster R-CNN and YOLOv8.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of automated supernumerary tooth (ST) detection systems on periapical radiographs using Faster R-CNN and YOLOv8 with detection by 8 dental residents.

Methods: This was a diagnostic accuracy study of 469 periapical radiographs (419 training vs. 50 test datasets).

Huayu Tongbi formula attenuates rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting the HIF1A/VEGFA/ANGPT axis and suppressing angiogenesis.

Background: Angiogenesis, integral to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), contributes to the advancement of synovial hyperplasia, pannus formation, and bone destruction. The precise effect of the Huayu Tongbi formula (HT), a proven traditional Chinese medicine for RA treatment, on angiogenesis remains uncertain.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of HT on RA angiogenesis and the potential underlying molecular mechanisms.

Kinesio taping can relieve symptoms and enhance functions in patients with mild-to-moderate carpal tunnel syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The effectiveness of Kinesio Taping (KT) for mild-to-moderate Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) remains controversial.

Objective: To evaluate both the short-term and long-term efficacy of KT in the management of CTS.

Methods: Electronic searches were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus databases up to October 2024.

Cer-ConvN3Unet: an end-to-end multi-parametric MRI-based pipeline for automated detection and segmentation of cervical cancer.

Background: We established and validated an innovative two-phase pipeline for automated detection and segmentation on multi-parametric cervical cancer magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and investigated the clinical efficacy.

Methods: The retrospective multicenter study included 125 cervical cancer patients enrolled in two hospitals for 14,547 two-dimensional images. All the patients underwent pelvic MRI examinations consisting of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging (CE-T1WI).

OHID-1: A New Large Hyperspectral Image Dataset for Multi-Classification.

In the context of the increasing popularity of Big Data paradigms and deep learning techniques, we introduce a novel large-scale hyperspectral imagery dataset, termed Orbita Hyperspectral Images Dataset-1 (OHID-1). It comprises 10 hyperspectral images sourced from diverse regions of Zhuhai City, China, each boasting 32 spectral bands with a spatial resolution of 10 meters and spanning a spectral range of 400-1000 nanometers. The core objective of this dataset is to elevate the performance of hyperspectral image classification and pose substantial challenges to existing hyperspectral image processing algorithms.

, but not , plays important role in learning and memory in fish-insights from zebrafish gene knockout study.

Learning and memory allow individuals to adapt to their environmental needs and survive. Fish have the ability to solve complex learning tasks, associative learning, and flexible spatial memory. The proto-oncogene fos () has been reported to be involved in brain development, learning and memory in mammals.

Tumor-Associated Macrophages: Key Players in the Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Tumor Microenvironment.

Background: Lung cancer is among the most common and deadliest malignant tumors worldwide. It is often detected at late stages, resulting in unfavorable outcomes, with tumor cell heterogeneity and medication resistance. Tumor-associated macrophages are among the key cells contributing to cancer progression.

EGCG improve meat quality, restore lipid metabolism disorder and regulate intestinal flora in high-fat fed broilers.

Excessive oil addition can easily result in decreased disease resistance in broilers, a drop in meat quality, and disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is an important bioactive component of tea and has been shown to have promising effects on the metabolism of nutrients. This study was aimed at investigating the impact of EGCG supplementation through a high-fat diet (HFD) on production performance, meat quality, lipid metabolism and the influence of intestinal flora in broiler chickens.

Type-2 innate signals are dispensable for skeletal muscle regeneration and pathology linked to Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Immune responses play an integral role in skeletal muscle regeneration. In the genetically inherited muscle disease Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), muscle regeneration is disrupted, leading to chronic inflammation, fibrosis, and early mortality. Previously, it has been suggested that type-2 innate immune cells, particularly eosinophils and their production of IL-4, play an essential role in effective muscle regeneration after acute injury.

A fiber-shaped ultrasonic transducer by designing a flexible epoxy/nano-zirconia composite as an acoustic matching layer.

Acoustic matching layers play an important role in ultrasonic transducers. However, the acoustic matching layer with both intrinsic flexibility and high acoustic impedance remains an unmet need to achieve high-performing flexible ultrasonic transducers. Herein, we present an epoxy/nano-zirconia composite with excellent flexibility and acoustic performance by the chemical coupling method.

Targeting aldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH3A1 increases ferroptosis vulnerability in squamous cancer.

Ferroptosis is a unique modality of regulated cell death induced by excessive lipid peroxidation, playing a crucial role in tumor suppression and providing potential therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. Here, we find that aldehyde dehydrogenase-ALDH3A1 tightly links to ferroptosis in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Functional assays demonstrate the enzymatic activity-dependent regulation of ALDH3A1 in protecting SCC cells against ferroptosis through catalyzing aldehydes and mitigating lipid peroxidation.

Dynamic tuning of terahertz atomic lattice vibration via cross-scale mode coupling to nanomechanical resonance in WSe membranes.

Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) based on atomically-thin tungsten diselenide (WSe), benefiting from the excellent material properties and the mechanical degree of freedom, offer an ideal platform for studying and exploiting dynamic strain engineering and cross-scale vibration coupling in two-dimensional (2D) crystals. However, such opportunity has remained largely unexplored for WSe NEMS, impeding exploration of exquisite physical processes and realization of novel device functions. Here, we demonstrate dynamic coupling between atomic lattice vibration and nanomechanical resonances in few-layer WSe NEMS.

Tuning electronic and optical properties of 2D polymeric C by stacking two layers.

Benefiting from improved stability due to interlayer van der Waals interactions, few-layer fullerene networks are experimentally more accessible compared to monolayer polymeric C. However, there is a lack of systematic theoretical studies on the material properties of few-layer C networks. Here, we compare the structural, electronic and optical properties of bilayer and monolayer fullerene networks.

Psychological Status and its Influencing Factors of Staff in a District of Shenzhen: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders, as psychological and emotional diseases, have serious impact on people's physical and mental health, and receive increasing academic attention. This study aimed to examine anxiety, depression, and sleep disorder of staff in a district of Shenzhen and to provide the basis for the development of targeted intervention measures to improve the psychological status of cadres.

Methods: Based on the psychological evaluation data of staff cadres in a district of Shenzhen City obtained from January to December 2020, a stratified sampling method was adopted to randomly select two streets and three communities in each street.

Simultaneous Blockade of CD209 and CD209L by Monoclonal Antibody Does Not Provide Sufficient Protection Against Multiple Viral Infections In Vivo.

Many virus species, including Ebola virus, Marburg virus, SARS-CoV-2, dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV), exploit CD209 and CD209L as alternative or attachment receptors for viral cis- or trans-infection. Thus, CD209 and CD209L may be critical targets for the development of therapeutic monoclonal blocking antibody drugs to disrupt the infection process caused by multiple viruses. Here, we produced a human chimeric monoclonal blocking antibody that simultaneously blocks CD209 and CD209L, namely 7-H7-B1.

Traditional Chinese medicine strategies to optimize antibiotic use and reduce the burden of antibiotic resistance in Chinese children.

Antibiotic resistance is one of the greatest threats to human health, especially children's health. Traditional Chinese medicine encompasses several documented treatments for pediatric infectious diseases. The antibacterial efficacy and potential of traditional Chinese medicine to reverse bacterial resistance are gaining increasing research attention.

Natural products as Nrf2 modulators for ferroptosis inhibition in renal disease therapy: Recent progress and future prospects.

Background: The transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, NFE2L2) is a pivotal regulator of redox balance, metabolism, protein homeostasis and inflammation. Nrf2 is critically involved in both ferroptosis and renal diseases, and may serve as a significant target for many natural products in the treatment of renal diseases. However, a comprehensive overview on this topic is still lacking.

Iron Status and Risk of Periodontitis and Dental Caries: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Previous studies have indicated a potential relationship between iron status and oral health outcomes, specifically periodontitis and dental caries. This study employed Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal effects of iron status on these oral health conditions. The focus of this study was on key iron biomarkers, namely serum iron, ferritin, transferrin saturation (TSAT), and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC).