Structural basis for difunctional mechanism of m-AMSA against African swine fever virus pP1192R.

The African swine fever virus (ASFV) type II topoisomerase (Topo II), pP1192R, is the only known Topo II expressed by mammalian viruses and is essential for ASFV replication in the host cytoplasm. Herein, we report the structures of pP1192R in various enzymatic stages using both X-ray crystallography and single-particle cryo-electron microscopy. Our data structurally define the pP1192R-modulated DNA topology changes.

Improving the Oxygen Evolution Reaction Kinetics in Zn-Air Battery by Iodide Oxidation Reaction.

Zinc-air batteries (ZABs) have garnered considerable attention as a highly promising contender in the field of energy storage and conversion. Nevertheless, their performance is considerably impeded by the proliferation of dendrites on the Zinc anode and the slow kinetics of the redox reaction on the air cathode. Herein, taking Ag@LaCoO (Ag@LCO) heterojunction catalyst as the cathode, it is demonstrated that adding KI additives to the alkaline electrolyte can not only enhance the oxygen electrocatalytic reaction but also inhibit the formation of zinc anode dendrites, thereby achieving a comprehensive improvement in the performance of ZABs.

Hydrogen-etched CoS to produce a CoS@CoS heterostructure electrocatalyst for highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction.

There is a pressing requirement for developing high-efficiency non-noble metal electrocatalysts in oxygen evolution reactions (OER), where transition metal sulfides are considered to be promising electrocatalysts for the OER in alkaline medium. Herein, we report the outstanding OER performance of CoS@CoS heterojunctions synthesized by hydrogen etched CoS, where the optimized heterojunction shows a low of 396 mV and a small Tafel slope of 181.61 mV dec.

Measurement of harmful nanoparticle distribution among filters, smokers' respiratory systems, and surrounding air during cigarette smoking.

This study was undertaken to investigate the filtration effect of filter on nanoparticle and the deposition behavior of nanoparticle in the human respiratory system from the aspect of nanoparticle number during cigarette smoking. For that, two kinds of experiments were designed. One is machine experiment, a well-controlled simulated respiratory system was designed to measure the raw emission and filter effect.

Optimized Conductivity and Spin States in N-Doped LaCoO for Oxygen Electrocatalysis.

The spin state of antibonding orbital (e) occupancy in LaCoO is recognized as a descriptor for its oxygen electrocatalysis. However, the Co(III) cation in typical LaCoO (LCO) favors low spin state, which is mediocre for absorbing oxygen-containing groups involved in oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), thus hindering its further development in electrocatalysis. Herein, both experimental and theoretical results reveal the enhancement of bifunctional electrocatalytic activity in LaCoO by N doping.

High efficiency electrocatalyst of LaCrFeO nanoparticles on oxygen-evolution reaction.

Due to the multistep proton-coupled electron transfer, it remains a huge challenge to accelerate the kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Here, we demonstrate that perovskite-type LaCrFeO nanoparticles can be used as highly active and stable OER electrocatalysts, where it shows a low overpotential of 390 mV at 10 mA/cm, a small Tafel slope of 114.4 mV/dec and excellent stability with slight current decrease after 20 h, superior than that of their individual counterparts (LaFeO and LaCrO).

Dispersion behaviors of exhaust gases and nanoparticle of a passenger vehicle under simulated traffic light driving pattern.

In the present study, the flow structure and pollutants dispersions were investigated by experiment and simulation on a typical passenger vehicle under simulated traffic light driving pattern. Some important findings were achieved: 1) gaseous pollutants diffuse drastically during first 0.3-0.

Fe-based species anchored on N-doped carbon nanotubes as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for acidic/neutral/alkaline Zn-air batteries.

Exploring efficient and durable bifunctional catalysts in pH-universal media is critical for versatile fuel cells. Herein, Fe-based species anchored on N-doped carbon nanotubes (Fe/FeC@N-C) are used for bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts. The composite electrocatalyst exhibits low potential gaps (ΔE, ΔE = E - E ) in a pH-universal environment.

Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalyst of Mesoporous Ni/NiO Nanosheets for Flexible Rechargeable Zn-Air Batteries.

One approach to accelerate the stagnant kinetics of both the oxygen reduction and evolution reactions (ORR/OER) is to develop a rationally designed multiphase nanocomposite, where the functions arising from each of the constituent phases, their interfaces, and the overall structure are properly controlled. Herein, we successfully synthesized an oxygen electrocatalyst consisting of Ni nanoparticles purposely interpenetrated into mesoporous NiO nanosheets (porous Ni/NiO). Benefiting from the contributions of the Ni and NiO phases, the well-established pore channels for charge transport at the interface between the phases, and the enhanced conductivity due to oxygen-deficiency at the pore edges, the porous Ni/NiO nanosheets show a potential of 1.

Bifunctional catalysts of CoNi nanoparticle-embedded nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes for rechargeable Zn-air batteries.

It is essentially important to improve the performance of Zn-air batteries by studying bifunctional catalysts for oxygen evolution reactions (OER) and oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) with low-cost, high-efficiency and high-stability properties. Here, CoNi nanoparticles embedded in the bamboo-like N-doped carbon tubes (Co Ni @NC) were synthesized, where the optimized catalyst of CoNi@NC exhibits superior bifunctional electrocatalytic activity, showing a low overpotential of 300 mV under the current density of 10 mA cm for OER and a large limiting current density of 3.76 mA cm under 0.