Angiotensin (1-7) Improves Pancreatic Islet Function via Upregulating PDX-1 and GCK: A Dose-Dependent Study in Mice.

This study aimed to verify the effect of angiotensin (1-7) on improving islet function and further explore the signaling pathway that may be involved in this improvement. It also aimed to explore the effects of angiotensin (1-7) on blood glucose levels, islet function, and morphological changes in db/db mice and its potential signal pathway. Forty-five db/db mice were divided randomly into a model control group and different doses of angiotensin (1-7) intervention groups (0, 150, 300, and 600 g/kg/d), while seven db/m mice were assigned as the normal control group.

Impact of Circadian Clock Gene Overexpression on Rumen Epithelial Cell Dynamics and VFA Transport Protein Expression.

The circadian gene is recognized for its regulatory effects on cell proliferation and lipid metabolism across various non-ruminant cells. This study investigates the influence of gene overexpression on goat rumen epithelial cells using a constructed pcDNA3.1- plasmid, assessing its impact on circadian gene expression, cell proliferation, and mRNA levels of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) transporters, alongside genes related to lipid metabolism, cell proliferation, and apoptosis.

Automatic 3-dimensional quantification of orthodontically induced root resorption in cone-beam computed tomography images based on deep learning.

Introduction: Orthodontically induced root resorption (OIRR) is a common and undesirable consequence of orthodontic treatment. Traditionally, studies employ manual methods to conduct 3-dimensional quantitative analysis of OIRR via cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), which is often subjective and time-consuming. With advancements in computer technology, deep learning-based approaches have gained traction in medical image processing.

Study on dynamic alterations of volatile organic compounds reveals aroma development over enzymatic-catalyzed process of Tieguanyin oolong tea production.

To elucidate the formation of characteristic aroma over enzymatic-catalyzed processes (ECP), GC-MS-based volatile-metabolomic combined with desorption-electrospray-ionization coupled mass-spectrometry-imaging (DESI-MSI) were employed to analyze the changes of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Tieguanyin tea. A total of 579 VOCs were obtained, from which 24 components involved in five pathways were identified as biomarkers. Among these, four VOCs including 2-furancarboxylic acid, 4-methylbenzaldehyde, N-benzylformamide, cuminaldehyde, were detected in both DESI-MSI and GC-MS analysis, exhibiting dynamic changes along processing steps.

High-throughput synthesis and optimization of ionizable lipids through A coupling for efficient mRNA delivery.

Background: The efficacy of mRNA-based vaccines and therapies relies on lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) as carriers to deliver mRNA into cells. The chemical structure of ionizable lipids (ILs) within LNPs is crucial in determining their delivery efficiency.

Results: In this study, we synthesized 623 alkyne-bearing ionizable lipids using the A coupling reaction and assessed their effectiveness in mRNA delivery.

Plasma metabolites, systolic blood pressure, lifestyle, and stroke risk: A prospective cohort study.

Background: To estimate the associations of stroke risk with plasma metabolites, metabolic risk score (MRS), the combinations of MRS with hypertension or lifestyle, and lifestyle-related metabolic signature. To assess the improvement of the stroke risk prediction model through the incorporation of MRS.

Methods: A total of 77,315 participants from the UK Biobank were included in this study.

Interaction-knowledge semantic alignment for recommendation.

In order to alleviate the issue of data sparsity, knowledge graphs are introduced into recommender systems because they contain diverse information about items. The existing knowledge graph enhanced recommender systems utilize both user-item interaction data and knowledge graph, but those methods ignore the semantic difference between interaction data and knowledge graph. On the other hand, for the item representations obtained from two kinds of graph structure data respectively, the existing methods of fusing representations only consider the item representations themselves, without considering the personalized preference of users.

The Recent Progress of Tricyclic Aromadendrene-Type Sesquiterpenoids: Biological Activities and Biosynthesis.

The tricyclic-aromadendrene-type sesquiterpenes are widely distributed and exhibit a range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, antibacterial, insecticidal and cytotoxic properties. Several key sesquiterpene synthases (STSs) of this type have been identified, of which, viridiflorol synthase has been engineered for efficiently biosynthesizing viridiflorol in an strain. This paper comprehensively summarizes the distribution and biological activity of aromadendrene-type sesquiterpenes in plant essential oils and microorganisms.

Functional Characterization of Different Strains Isolated from Chinese Traditional Sourdoughs.

, the dominant species of lactic acid bacteria in sourdoughs, impacts the microstructure and flavor of steamed bread through exopolysaccharide production, acidification, proteolysis, and volatile compound generation. The aim of this study is to investigate the phenotypic diversity and technological traits of 28 strains of different genotypes isolated from Chinese traditional sourdoughs. The results showed that strains exhibited substantial variation in proteinase and peptidase activities and the amount of acidification and volatiles in fermented sourdoughs.

Effects of alginate synergized with polyphenol compounds on the retrogradation properties of corn starch.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of alginate (AG) on the retrogradation properties of corn starch (CS) in conjunction with three phenolic compounds, including naringin (NA), rutin (RT), and soy isoflavones (SI). The findings indicated that AG, NA, RT, and SI collectively resulted in a significant reduction in the hardness, retrogradation enthalpy, and relaxation time of CS gel. This effect was more pronounced when compared to NA, RT, and SI individually.

Endophthalmitis Caused by : Clinical Characteristics, Outcomes and Antibiotic Susceptibility.

endophthalmitis is a severe vision-threatening disease. This study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics, antibiotic susceptibility, and risk factors for poor final visual acuity (VA) and enucleation or evisceration (ENEV) outcomes of endophthalmitis patients. We retrospectively reviewed 52 cases (52 eyes) of culture-proven endophthalmitis at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from January 2013 to December 2023.

METTL16 regulates the mRNA stability of FBXO5 via m6A modification to facilitate the malignant behavior of breast cancer.

Background: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulates the progression of breast cancer (BC). We aimed to investigate the action and mechanism involved of methyltransferase-like protein 16 (METTL16) in BC growth and metastasis.

Methods: RT-qPCR, immunoblotting, and IHC were performed to test the levels of gene expression.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel penindolone derivatives as potential antiproliferative agents against SCLC in vitro.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) keeps on the leading cause of cancer mortality world widely, while there is lack of efficient therapeutic drugs especially for the resistant ones. In this work, a compound named penindolone (PND) with new skeleton was found to show weak inhibitory effect (IC = 42.5 µM) on H69AR cells (SCLC, adriamycin-resistant) proliferation by screening our in-house compound library.

Discovery, Total Synthesis, and Anti-Inflammatory Evaluation of Naturally Occurring Naphthopyrone-Macrolide Hybrids as Potent NLRP3 Inflammasome Inhibitors.

Numerous clinical disorders have been linked to the etiology of dysregulated NLRP3 (NACHT, LRR, and PYD domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome activation. Despite its potential as a pharmacological target, modulation of NLRP3 activity remains challenging. Only a sparse number of compounds have been reported that can modulate NLRP3 and none of them have been developed into a commercially available drug.

Rapid diagnosis of canine respiratory coronavirus, canine influenza virus, canine distemper virus and canine parainfluenza virus with a Taqman probe-based multiplex real-time PCR.

Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease Complex (CIRDC) is a highly infectious diseases. Canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV), Canine influenza virus (CIV), Canine distemper virus (CDV), and Canine parainfluenza virus (CPiV) are crucial pathogens causing CIRDC. Due to the similar clinical symptoms induced by these viruses, differential diagnosis based solely on symptoms can be challenging.

Dual Information Enhanced Multiview Attributed Graph Clustering.

Multiview attributed graph clustering is an important approach to partition multiview data based on the attribute characteristics and adjacent matrices from different views. Some attempts have been made in using graph neural network (GNN), which have achieved promising clustering performance. Despite this, few of them pay attention to the inherent specific information embedded in multiple views.

A prospective and randomized study comparing ultrasound-guided real time injection to conventional blind injection of botulinum neurotoxin for glabellar wrinkles.

Background: Botulinum neurotoxin injections are the most frequently performed cosmetic procedures, but conventional blind injection for glabellar wrinkles remains to have some limitations.

Aims: We intend to directly inject botulinum neurotoxin into the glabella complex guided by real time ultrasound. We aim to propose a more efficient and safer botulinum neurotoxin injection strategy for glabellar wrinkles.

Muscone restores anoikis sensitivity in TMZ-resistant glioblastoma cells by suppressing TOP2A via the EGFR/Integrin β1/FAK signaling pathway.

Background: Temozolomide (TMZ) resistance is the main obstacle faced by glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treatment. Muscone, one of the primary active pharmacological ingredients of Shexiang (Moschus), can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and is being investigated as an antineoplastic medication. However, muscone treatment for GBM has received little research, and its possible mechanisms are still unclear.

Contrastive Multiview Attribute Graph Clustering With Adaptive Encoders.

Multiview attribute graph clustering aims to cluster nodes into disjoint categories by taking advantage of the multiview topological structures and the node attribute values. However, the existing works fail to explicitly discover the inherent relationships in multiview topological graph matrices while considering different properties between the graphs. Besides, they cannot well handle the sparse structure of some graphs in the learning procedure of graph embeddings.

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Improves Clinical Symptoms of Fibromyalgia: An Open-Label, Randomized, Nonplacebo-Controlled Study.

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex and poorly understood disorder characterized by chronic and widespread musculoskeletal pain, of which the etiology remains unknown. Now, the disorder of the gut microbiome is considered as one of the main causes of FM. This study aimed to investigate the potential benefits of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in patients with FM.

Semi or fully automatic tooth segmentation in CBCT images: a review.

Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is widely employed in modern dentistry, and tooth segmentation constitutes an integral part of the digital workflow based on these imaging data. Previous methodologies rely heavily on manual segmentation and are time-consuming and labor-intensive in clinical practice. Recently, with advancements in computer vision technology, scholars have conducted in-depth research, proposing various fast and accurate tooth segmentation methods.