Utilizing Lactic Acid Bacteria to Improve Hyperlipidemia: A Comprehensive Analysis from Gut Microbiota to Metabolic Pathways.

Hyperlipidemia poses significant risks for cardiovascular diseases, with emerging evidence underscoring the critical role of gut microbiota in metabolic regulation. This study explores CAAS36, a probiotic strain with promising cholesterol-lowering capabilities, assessing its impact on hyperlipidemic hamsters. Utilizing 1H NMR-based metabolomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we observed that CAAS36 treatment not only altered metabolic pathways but also reshaped gut microbiota composition.

Comparative Analysis of Skim Milk and Milk Fat Globule Membrane Proteomes between Human and Farm Animal Milk for Infant Formula Production.

Human and animal milk contain a rich variety of milk proteins that meet the needs of their newborns. In total, 1263 skim milk proteins and 1754 MFGM proteins were identified in human milk and six types of animal milk, respectively. Both similarities and differences were observed among the species.

Effects of protein genetic variants on their phosphorylation levels, milk composition, milk proteome, and milk coagulation ability in Chinese Holstein bovine milk.

Milk samples were collected from 3625 Chinese Holstein cows to assess the effects of κ-casein (κ-CN) and β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) genetic variants on its milk coagulation properties. The results show that Chinese Holstein cows have a higher frequency of the κ-CN AA and AB variants, and β-LG of the AB and AA variants. Of these, κ-CN B variants, the β-LG AA and BB variants were more frequent in milk showing good coagulation.

Comparison of Whey Proteome and Glycoproteome in Bovine Colostrum and Mature Milk.

Milk samples were collected from 10 cows, in the colostrum (3-4 days) and mature (90 days) lactation stage, to assess the differential expression of all whey proteins and -glycoproteins. In total, 240 whey proteins and 315 -glycosylation sites on 214 glycoproteins were quantified. GO annotations, KEGG pathway analysis, and protein classification were performed to understand the similarities and differences of the biological functions of whey proteins and -glycoproteins among different lactation stages in bovine milk.

Comparison of twelve human milk oligosaccharides in mature milk from different areas in China in the Chinese Human Milk Project (CHMP) study.

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) act as a vital role in the development of infant's gut microbiome and immune function. This study aimed to measure 12 oligosaccharides in milk from Chinese donors (n = 203), and evaluated the influences of multiple factors on the HMOs profiles. The results indicated that concentrations of 6'-sialyllactose were the highest among 12 oligosaccharides (2.