One-pot approach to 1,2-disubstituted indoles via Cu(II)-catalyzed coupling/cyclization under aerobic conditions and its application for the synthesis of polycyclic indoles.

A straightforward assembly of 1,2-disubstituted indoles has been developed through a Cu(II)-catalyzed domino coupling/cyclization process. Under aerobic conditions, a wide range of 1,2-disubstituted indole derivatives were efficiently and facilely synthesized from 2-alkynylanilines and boronic acids. 2-(2-Bromoaryl)-1-aryl-1H-indoles, which were selectively generated in one pot under the Cu catalysis, afforded the indolo[1,2-f]phenanthridines via Pd-catalyzed intramolecular direct C(sp(2))-H arylation.

Enhancement of open-circuit voltage and the fill factor in CdTe nanocrystal solar cells by using interface materials.

Interface states influence the operation of nanocrystal (NC) solar cell carrier transport, recombination and energetic mechanisms. In a typical CdTe NC solar cell with a normal structure of a ITO/p-CdTe NCs/n-acceptor (or without)/Al configuration, the contact between the ITO and CdTe is a non-ohm contact due to a different work function (for an ITO, the value is ~4.7 eV, while for CdTe NCs, the value is ~5.