Nobiletin attenuates alcohol-related liver disease by inhibting gut-liver inflammation and gut microbiota disturbance in mice.

Purpose: Nobiletin (NOB), an extract derived from citrus fruit peels, is renowned for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, the specific impact of NOB on alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) and its regulatory pathways remains an underexplored area of study. This research aims not only to confirm the positive regulatory effects of NOB on ALD but also to explore its mechanism of action through the "gut-liver axis" theory.

Thyroid antibodies in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients are positively associated with inflammation and multiple symptoms.

Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease, characterized by abnormal elevation in thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) and/or thyroglobulin antibody (TG-Ab). Patients have multiple symptoms despite adequate hormone substitution. In the present study, we aimed to quantify the relationship between thyroid antibodies and multiple symptoms, inflammation and health-related life quality.

Dietary Knowledge, Attitude, Practice Survey and Nutritional Knowledge-Based Intervention: A Cross-Sectional and Randomized Controlled Trial Study among College Undergraduates in China.

Background: Understanding undergraduates' dietary literacy, including dietary knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP), is important for future health promotion policies. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the current status and influencing factors of dietary literacy in Chinese college undergraduates and explore whether a nutritional lecture could improve their dietary literacy.

Methods: This study included two parts: a cross-sectional study ( = 1026) conducted by a dietary literacy questionnaire, and a randomized controlled trail (RCT) that enrolled 99 college undergraduates who were randomized to a control group or a nutritional lecture group.

Effects of calorie-restricted diet on health state and intestinal flora in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background And Objectives: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease, characterized by abnormal elevation in thyroid peroxidase antibody and/or thyroglobulin antibody. In recent decades, HT disease has become more and more widespread. Patients always report multiple symptoms, even though their thyroid hormone levels are kept in normal ranges.

Xie Zhuo Tiao Zhi formula ameliorates chronic alcohol-induced liver injury in mice.

This study aimed to evaluate the protective role and potential mechanisms of Xie Zhuo Tiao Zhi decoction (XZTZ) on alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). XZTZ significantly alleviated alcohol-induced liver dysfunction, based on histological examinations and biochemical parameters after 4-week administration. Mechanically, alcohol-stimulated hepatic oxidative stress was ameliorated by XZTZ, accompanied by the improvement of Nrf2/Keap1 expression and alcohol-activated phosphorylation of pro-inflammatory transcription factors, including JNK, P38, P65, and IκBα, were rescued by XZTZ.

Torreya grandis Kernel Oil Alleviates Loperamide-Induced Slow Transit Constipation via Up-Regulating the Colonic Expressions of Occludin/Claudin-1/ZO-1 and 5-HT3R/5-HT4R in BALB/c Mice.

Scope: Torreya grandis kernel has traditionally been used to remove intestinal parasites and increases intestinal motility. However, the effect of Torreya grandis kernel oil (TKO) on constipation has not yet been investigated. Therefore, mouse model is used to investigate the effect of TKO on slow transit constipation (STC) and its possible mechanism.

Preventive effect of low-carbohydrate high-fat dietary pattern on liver disease caused by alcohol consumption a 6pgd-involved mechanism in mice.

A low-carbohydrate high-fat (LCHF) dietary pattern has been reported to improve chronic metabolic diseases. However, whether and how the LCHF diet affects the pathological progression in patients with alcohol-related liver diseases (ALD) is largely unknown. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the LCHF diet on ALD and clarify its potential mechanism(s).

Resol/triblock copolymer composite-guided smart fabrication of carbonized mesopores for efficiently decoding exosomal glycans.

Soft-template carbonized mesopores were developed for the purpose of enriching urinary exosomal glycans through organic-organic self-assembly using block copolymers and resol precursors. With a high surface area of 229 m g, a small pore size of 3.1 nm, and a significant amount of carbon that specifically interacts with oligosaccharides in glycans, this carbonized mesopore material exhibits high selectivity and low limits of detection (5 ng μL) towards glycans.

Uptake, translocation and metabolism of acetamiprid and cyromazine by cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.).

Acetamiprid (ACE) and cyromazine (CYR) are the two pesticides that are used relatively frequently and in large quantities in cowpea growing areas in Hainan. The uptake, translocation and metabolic patterns and subcellular distribution of these two pesticides in cowpea are important factors affecting pesticide residues in cowpea and assessing the dietary safety of cowpea. In this study, we investigated the uptake, translocation, subcellular distribution, and metabolic pathway of ACE and CYR in cowpea under laboratory hydroponic conditions.

Monounsaturated fatty acid-enriched olive oil exacerbates chronic alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis and liver injury in C57BL/6J mice.

Dietary oil composition determines the pathological processes of alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD). Oil rich in saturated fatty acids protects, whereas oil rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids aggravates the alcohol-induced liver injury. However, limited studies have been conducted to address how monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) enriched oil controls the pathological development of AFLD.

Dietary camellia seed oil attenuates liver injury in mice chronically exposed to alcohol.

Dietary fat composition is closely associated with the pathological development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Fat enriched with saturated fatty acids protects whereas with polyunsaturated fatty acids aggravates alcohol-induced liver injury. However, limited study has addressed how monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) determines the pathological process of ALD.

Absolute quantitative lipidomics reveals lipids profiling in liver of mice with early-stage alcoholic liver disease.

Background: Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one of the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide. Alcohol-induced alterations in hepatic lipids play an important role in ALD develpoment and progression. The present study aimed to thoroughly describe the changes of lipid profiling in liver of mice with early-stage alcoholic liver disease.

Upregulation of 4-Hydroxynonenal Contributes to the Negative Effect of n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid on Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury and Hepatic Steatosis.

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and the underlying mechanisms. C57BL/6J male mice were randomly fed a corn oil or palm oil diet (rich in n-6 PUFA and SFA, respectively) with or without ethanol for four weeks ( = 10/group). A series of experiments in vitro with AML-12 hepatocyte were conducted to better elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying the phenomenon observed in animals.

-Acetylcysteine alleviates high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and liver injury regulating the intestinal microecology in mice.

-Acetylcysteine (NAC), a well-accepted antioxidant, has been shown to protect against high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity-associated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice. However, the underlying mechanism(s) of the beneficial role of NAC is still not fully understood. Our study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of NAC against NAFLD in terms of gut microbiota homeostasis.

Relationship between the n-3 index, serum metabolites and breast cancer risk.

The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the n-3 index, serum metabolites and breast cancer risk. A total of 104 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients and 70 healthy controls were recruited. The erythrocyte phospholipid fatty acid composition was determined by gas-liquid chromatography, and the n-3 index was calculated with the percentage of eicosapentaenoic acid plus docosahexaenoic acid in total fatty acids.

Maternal n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids restructure gut microbiota of offspring mice and decrease their susceptibility to mammary gland cancer.

Our previous studies have revealed that a maternal diet rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is associated with decreased mammary cancer risk in offspring. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the possible mechanism by which maternal n-3 PUFAs decrease the mammary cancer risk of offspring in terms of gut microbiota.

Human milk microbiota development during lactation and its relation to maternal geographic location and gestational hypertensive status.

Bacteria in human milk could directly seed the infant intestinal microbiota, while information about how milk microbiota develops during lactation and how geographic location, gestational hypertensive status, and maternal age influence this process is limited. Here, we collected human milk samples from mothers of term infants at the first day, 2 weeks, and 6 weeks postpartum from 117 longitudinally followed-up mothers (age: 28.7 ± 3.

Contribution of diet to gut microbiota and related host cardiometabolic health: diet-gut interaction in human health.

Obesity and cardiometabolic diseases in both developed and developing counties in a state of nutrition transition are often related to diet, which also play a major role in shaping human gut microbiota. The human gut harbors diverse microbes that play an essential role in the well-being of their host. Complex interactions between diet and microorganisms may lead to beneficial or detrimental outcomes to host cardiometabolic health.

Beneficial Effects of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Offspring's Pancreas of Gestational Diabetes Rats.

We studied the long-term influence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on the pancreas of offspring and the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) on offspring's pancreas. GDM offspring were divided into three groups: GDM offspring, n-3 PUFA-adequate-GDM offspring, and n-3 PUFA-deficient GDM offspring. All healthy and GDM offspring were fed up to 11 months old.

Fruit and vegetable intake and liver cancer risk: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

The associations of vegetable and fruit intake with liver cancer risk have been inconsistent based on epidemiological studies. The present study aimed to quantitatively evaluate these associations with prospective cohort studies. A systematic literature search was performed with PubMed and Scopus databases up to June 2019.

N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Decrease Long-Term Diabetic Risk of Offspring of Gestational Diabetes Rats by Postponing Shortening of Hepatic Telomeres and Modulating Liver Metabolism.

The long-term influence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on offspring and the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) on GDM offspring are poorly understood. We studied the long-term diabetic risk in GDM offspring and evaluated the effect of n-3 PUFA intervention. Healthy offspring rats were fed standard diet (soybean oil) after weaning.

Changes of urine metabolites in response to n-3 fatty acid supplements and their correlation with metabolic risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes.

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of n-3 fatty acid supplements on urine metabolite profiling and their correlation with metabolic risk factors in Chinese T2D patients. A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted in 59 Chinese patients with T2D, who were randomized to receive fish oil (FO), flaxseed oil (FSO) or corn oil (CO, serving as a control group) capsules for 180 days. Morning urine samples were collected before and after the intervention and were analyzed for metabolomics by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS in positive and negative ionization modes.

Endogenously Synthesized n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Pregnant fat-1 Mice Decreases Mammary Cancer Risk of Female Offspring by Regulating Expression of Long Noncoding RNAs.

Scope: The present study investigates the precise mechanism by which maternal n-3 PUFAs decrease mammary cancer risk of offspring in terms of epigenetics.

Methods And Results: Transgenic fat-1 and wild-type C57BL/6J littermates are fed an n-6 PUFAs diet during pregnancy. Wild-genotype offspring of fat-1 mothers (fat-1 group) are compared with wild-genotype offspring of C57BL/6J mothers (control group) in breast cancer risk.

Maternal exposure to an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid diet decreases mammary cancer risk of female offspring in adulthood.

Maternal exposure to dietary factors during pregnancy influences the risk of many adult-onset diseases in the later life of offspring. Here, we investigated the effects of maternal n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) diet on breast cancer risk of female offspring. Pregnant C57BL/6J mice were fed a normal diet (control group), or a high-fat diet rich in safflower oil (SO), fish oil (FO) or flaxseed oil (FSO) (n = 10) throughout gestation and lactation.

Effects of EPA and DHA on blood pressure and inflammatory factors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

The present study aimed to clarify whether eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have differential effects on blood pressure and inflammatory mediators. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed and Scopus updated to Apr. 2018.