Transfer learning method for prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of biliary atresia.

Biliary atresia (BA) is a rare and severe congenital disorder with a significant challenge for prenatal diagnosis. This study, registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2200059705), aimed to develop an intelligent model to aid in the prenatal diagnosis of BA. To develop and evaluate this model, fetuses from 20 hospitals across China and infants sourced from public database were collected.

Molecular insights into dye decolorization performance and mechanisms under carbon limited conditions in a membrane aeration-based bioelectrochemical system.

Bioelectrochemical systems (BES) is a promising strategy for azo dyes decolorization enhancement in carbon-limited condition, but decolorization products need further aerobic mineralization. Here, a counter-diffusion biofilm-supported BES (E-MABR) was designed to achieve the decolorization, mineralization and denitrogenation of Alizarin Yellow R (AYR) in electron-deficient wastewater. The introduction of electrodes facilitated the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), particularly proteins (PN), whose content in the cathodic biofilm was 2.

New alkaloids from Melodinus fusiformis and their cytotoxic activities.

Four new alkaloids, meloformisine A (1), meloformine B (2), meloformine F (3), meloformine G (4), along with five known alkaloids (5-9) were isolated from the leaves and twigs of Melodinus fusiformis. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic evidence, including 1D and 2D NMR, MS, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The structure of 1 was a novel indole alkaloid with an unprecedented 6/5/5/5/5 pentacyclic skeleton.

Frequency selective rasorber with broadband absorption and high selectivity based on multilayer graphene-metal hybrid structures.

In this paper, a highly integrated frequency selective rasorber (FSR) with both broadband absorption and high selectivity is designed. The proposed FSR is composed of three lossy layers and a bandpass frequency selective surface (FSS). The three lossy layers are designed based on graphene-metal hybrid structures to achieve two wide absorption bands of 1.

Ethylenediamine modulate bonding interaction of solvation structure for wide-temperature aqueous ammonium-ion capacitor.

Aqueous ammonium-ion capacitors (AAICs) are promising for large-scale energy storage owing to low cost and inherent safety, while their practical applications are suffered from performance under extreme environment. Low ion conductivity and high viscosity, as well as freezing of the electrolyte, are the main issues for the electrochemical performance failure at low temperatures. In this work, the AAICs were assembled with commercial carbon electrodes and antifreeze electrolyte, where the electrolyte with a freezing point lower than -115 °C is developed by using Ethylenediamine (EDA) as an additive with a volume ratio of 50 % to an aqueous solution of 0.

Atomically Dispersed Ce Sites Augmenting Activity and Durability of Fe-Based Oxygen Reduction Catalyst in PEMFC.

In the cathode of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), Fe and N co-doped carbon (Fe-N-C) materials with atomically dispersed active sites are one of the satisfactory candidates to replace Pt-based catalysts. However, Fe-N-C catalysts are vulnerable to attack from reactive oxygen species, resulting in inferior durability, and current strategies failing to balance the activity and stability. Here, this study reports Fe and Ce single atoms coupled catalysts anchored on ZIF-8-derived nitrogen-doped carbon (Fe/Ce-N-C) as an efficient ORR electrocatalyst for PEMFCs.

Monometallic Ultrasmall Nanocatalysts via Different Valence Atomic Interfaces Boost Hydrogen Evolution Catalysis.

Synergistic monometallic nanocatalysts have attracted much attention due to their high intrinsic activity properties. However, current synergistic monometallic nanocatalysts tend to suffer from long reaction paths due to restricted nanoscale interfaces. In this paper, we synthesized the interstitial compound N-Pt/CNT with monometallic atomic interfaces.

Exploring non-invasive precision treatment in non-small cell lung cancer patients through deep learning radiomics across imaging features and molecular phenotypes.

Background: Accurate prediction of tumor molecular alterations is vital for optimizing cancer treatment. Traditional tissue-based approaches encounter limitations due to invasiveness, heterogeneity, and molecular dynamic changes. We aim to develop and validate a deep learning radiomics framework to obtain imaging features that reflect various molecular changes, aiding first-line treatment decisions for cancer patients.

Circabidian rhythm of sex pheromone reception in a scarab beetle.

Animals have endogenous clocks that regulate their behavior and physiology. These clocks rely on environmental cues (time givers) that appear approximately every 24 h due to the Earth's rotation; thus, most insects exhibit a circadian rhythm. One notable exception is the scarab beetle, Holotrichia parallela, a severe agricultural pest in China, Japan, South Korea, and India.

Non-invasive decision support for clinical treatment of non-small cell lung cancer using a multiscale radiomics approach.

Background: Selecting therapeutic strategies for cancer patients is typically based on key target-molecule biomarkers that play an important role in cancer onset, progression, and prognosis. Thus, there is a pressing need for novel biomarkers that can be utilized longitudinally to guide treatment selection.

Methods: Using data from 508 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients across three institutions, we developed and validated a comprehensive predictive biomarker that distinguishes six genotypes and infiltrative immune phenotypes.

Biochar-Based Single-Atom Catalyst with Fe-NO-C Configuration for Efficient Degradation of Organic Dyes by Peroxymonosulfate Activation.

Iron single-atom catalysts (Fe SACs) hold great promise for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation and degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater. However, insights into crucial catalytic sites and activation mechanisms of biochar-based Fe SACs for PMS remain a challenge. Herein, cotton stalk-derived biochar-based Fe SACs (Fe SACs-BC) with an asymmetric Fe-N/O-C configuration were prepared, and their PMS activation and acid orange 7 (AO7) degradation mechanisms were investigated.

Tailoring B, N-Enriched Carbon Nanosheets via a Gelation-Assisted Strategy for High-Capacity and Fast-Response Capacitive Desalination.

Designing high-performance carbonous electrodes for capacitive deionization with remarkable salt adsorption capacity (SAC) and outstanding salt adsorption rate (SAR) is quite significant yet challenging for brackish water desalination. Herein, a unique gelation-assisted strategy is proposed to tailor two-dimensional B and N-enriched carbon nanosheets (BNCTs) for efficient desalination. During the synthesis process, boric acid and polyvinyl alcohol were cross-linked to form a gelation template for the carbon precursor (polyethyleneimine), which endows BNCTs with ultrathin thickness (∼2 nm) and ultrahigh heteroatoms doping level (14.

Radiomics under 2D regions, 3D regions, and peritumoral regions reveal tumor heterogeneity in non-small cell lung cancer: a multicenter study.

Purpose: Lung cancer has significant genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity, leading to poor prognosis. Radiomic features have emerged as promising predictors of the tumor phenotype. However, the role of underlying information surrounding the cancer remains unclear.

A graph empowered insider threat detection framework based on daily activities.

While threats from outsiders are easier to alleviate, effective ways seldom exist to handle threats from insiders. The key to managing insider threats lies in engineering behavioral features efficiently and classifying them correctly. To handle challenges in feature engineering, we propose an integrated feature engineering solution based on daily activities, combining manually-selected features and automatically-extracted features together.

Amino acids functionalized vascular-like carbon fibers for efficient capacitive deionization.

Porous carbons have attracted great attention in capacitive deionization (CDI), benefiting from their high surface areas and abundant adsorption sites. However, the sluggish adsorption rate and poor cycling stability of carbons are still concerns, which are caused by the insufficient ion-accessible networks and the side reactions (the co-ion repulsion and oxidative corrosion). Herein, inspired by the blood vessels in organisms, mesoporous hollow carbon fibers (HCF) were successfully synthesized via a template assisted coaxial electrospinning strategy.

Expression and functional analysis of an odorant binding protein PopeOBP16 from Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller).

Odorant binding proteins (OBPs) are essential proteins in the peripheral olfactory system, responsible for odorant recognition and transport to olfactory receptors. Phthorimaea operculella (potato tuber moth) is an important oligophagous pest on Solanaceae crops in many countries and regions. PopeOBP16 is one of the OBPs in potato tuber moth.

Involvement of Holotrichia parallela odorant-binding protein 3 in the localization of oviposition sites.

Organic fertilizers-derived volatiles attract Holotrichia parallela during oviposition. However, the mechanisms underlying the perception of oviposition cues in H. parallela remain unclear.

Disparities in COVID-19 clinical studies from high-income and low-and middle-income countries.

Objectives: To examine the disparities between COVID-19 studies conducted in high-income countries (HICs) and low-and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Methods: We used the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform to identify COVID-19-related studies registered from December 31, 2019 to December 31, 2021. The World Bank definition was used to classify countries as high-, upper-middle-, lower-middle-, and low-income.

Constructing Active BN Sites in Carbon Nanosheets for High-Capacity and Fast Charging Toward Potassium Ion Storage.

Nitrogen doping is an effective strategy to improve potassium ion storage of carbon electrodes via the creation of adsorption sites. However, various undesired defects are often uncontrollably generated during the doping process, limiting doping effect on capacity enhancement and deteriorating the electric conductivity. Herein, boron element is additionally introduced to construct 3D interconnected B, N co-doped carbon nanosheets to remedy these adverse effects.

A deep reinforcement learning-based wireless body area network offloading optimization strategy for healthcare services.

Wireless body area network (WBAN) is widely adopted in healthcare services, providing remote real-time and continuous healthcare monitoring. With the massive increase of detective sensor data, WBAN is largely restricted by limited storage and computation capacity, resulting in severely decreased efficiency and reliability. Mobile edge computing (MEC) technique can be combined with WBAN to resolve this issue.