Dexmedetomidine inhibits ferroptosis and attenuates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury via activating the Nrf2/SLC7A11/FSP1/CoQ10 pathway.

Objectives: The molecular mechanism underlying the protective effects of DEX against sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SAKI) remains to be elucidated.

Methods: We established S-AKI models in vivo via CLP and in vitro with LPS-induced HK-2 cells.

Results: The Nrf2/SLC7A11/FSP1/CoQ10 pathway was inhibited in S-AKI both in vitro and in vivo.

PerCNet: Periodic complete representation for crystal graphs.

Crystal molecules are considered as graph structures in different representation methods. A reasonable crystal representation method should capture the local and global information. However, existing methods only consider the local information of crystal molecules by modeling the bond distance and bond angle of first-order neighbors of atoms, which leads to the issue that different crystals will have the same representation.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of N-benzylaryl cinnamide derivatives as tubulin polymerization inhibitors capable of promoting YAP degradation with potent anti-gastric cancer activities.

In this work, we utilized the N-benzylaryl derivative 9 as a lead compound and employed the molecular hybridization strategy by introducing cinnamoyl fragments to successfully design and synthesize 33 novel N-benzylaryl cinnamide derivatives 15a∼15 ag. The in vitro antiproliferative activities were explored, and the preliminary analysis and summary of their structure-activity relationship were conducted. The majority of the compounds demonstrated significant inhibitory potency on MGC-803, HCT-116 and KYSE450 cells with IC values below 0.

Effects of high-protein feeds on growth, free amino acid metabolism and protein metabolism-related genes in larvae and juveniles of rice flower carp (Procypris merus).

The effect of dietary protein on fish is widely studied. However, the high-protein diet effects and mechanisms on growth and amino acid metabolism in Procypris merus remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of dietary protein levels (38 %, 44 %, 50 %) on the growth performance and amino acid contents in larvae and juveniles of P.

Global burden of benign prostatic hyperplasia, urinary tract infections, urolithiasis, bladder cancer, kidney cancer, and prostate cancer from 1990 to 2021.

Background: The burden of common urologic diseases, including benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), urinary tract infections (UTI), urolithiasis, bladder cancer, kidney cancer, and prostate cancer, varies both geographically and within specific regions. It is essential to conduct a comprehensive and precise assessment of the global burden of urologic diseases.

Methods: We obtained data on incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for the aforementioned urologic diseases by age, sex, location, and year from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021.

Regulatory mechanism of Sarmentosin and Quercetin on lipid accumulation in primary hepatocyte of GIFT tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with fatty liver.

Sarmentosin (SA) and Quercetin (QC) are two active components of Sedum Sarmentosum Bunge, which is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. This study aimed to investigate the role and regulatory mechanism of SA and QC in fatty liver of Genetic Improvement of Farmed Tilapia (GIFT) tilapia. GIFT tilapia were randomly divided into two groups with three replicates per treatment (30 fish in each replicate): normal diet group (average weight 3.

The disease burden of bladder cancer and its attributable risk factors in five Eastern Asian countries, 1990-2019: a population-based comparative study.

Backgrounds: The study aimed to estimate bladder cancer burden and its attributable risk factors in China, Japan, South Korea, North Korea and Mongolia from 1990 to 2019, to discuss the potential causes of the disparities.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) were calculated by Joinpoint analysis, and the independent age, period and cohort effects were estimated by age-period-cohort analysis.

A retrospective observational study evaluating the association between vasoactive-inotropic score and mortality after major abdominal surgery.

The relationship between VIS and mortality in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the association between VIS and both short-term and long-term all-cause mortality in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery, VIS was calculated (VIS = dopamine dose [µg/kg/min] + dobutamine dose [µg/kg/min] + 100 × epinephrine dose [µg/kg/min] + 10 × milrinone dose [µg/kg/min] + 10,000 × vasopressin dose [units/kg/min] + 100 × norepinephrine dose [µg/kg/min]) using the maximum dosing rates of vasoactives and inotropics within the first 24 h postoperative ICU admission. The study included 512 patients first admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) who were administered vasoactive drugs after major abdominal surgery.

Clinical biomarker-based biological aging and risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia: A large prospective cohort study.

Objective: Chronological age (CAge), biological age (BAge), and accelerated age (AAge) are all important for aging-related diseases. CAge is a known risk factor for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH); However, the evidence of association of BAge and AAge with BPH is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the association of CAge, Bage, and AAge with BPH in a large prospective cohort.

Phylogeny, Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of and Its Relatives Based on Chloroplast Genome Data.

and its relatives have been utilized in traditional Chinese medicine for many years and are under priority protection in China. Despite their medicinal and protective value, research on their phylogeny, genetic diversity, and divergence remains limited. Here, we investigate the chloroplast genome variation architecture of 46 samples of and its relatives collected from various regions, encompassing the majority of wild populations across diverse geographical areas.

Effects of intravenous lidocaine on postoperative pain and gastrointestinal function recovery following gastrointestinal surgery: a meta-analysis.

Introduction: The full extent of intravenous lidocaine's effectiveness in alleviating postoperative pain and enhancing gastrointestinal function recovery remains uncertain.

Evidence Acquisition: We conducted an exhaustive search of databases to identify randomized controlled trials that compared intravenous lidocaine infusion's efficacy to that of a placebo or routine care in patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery. The primary outcome measure was resting pain scores 24 h postoperatively.

Cross-sectional study on the epidemiological investigation ability of professional staff from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Guizhou Province.

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate the qualifications and identify skill enhancement areas for epidemiological investigators in Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCs) in Guizhou's, informing future training and policy initiatives to strengthen public health responses.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in August 2022, and an online, self-designed questionnaire on the Epidemiological Dynamic Data Collection platform was administered to evaluate the professional staff in CDCs. The responses were scored and presented using descriptive statistical methods, and the factors influencing the total score were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and linear regression.

regulates maternal glycogen reserve essential for embryonic development in zebrafish.

The reserve of glycogen is essential for embryonic development. In oviparous fish, egg is an isolated system after egg laying with all the required energy deposits by their mothers. However, the key regulated factor mediates the storage of maternal glycogen reserve which support for embryogenesis in the offspring is largely unknown.

P. gingivalis in oral-prostate axis exacerbates benign prostatic hyperplasia via IL-6/IL-6R pathway.

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common disease in elderly men. There is increasing evidence that periodontitis increases the risk of BPH, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the role and mechanism of the key periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.

Effectiveness of simulation-based clinical research curriculum for undergraduate medical students - a pre-post intervention study with external control.

Background: Simulation is widely utilized in medical education. Exploring the effectiveness of high-fidelity simulation of clinical research within medical education may inform its integration into clinical research training curricula, finally cultivating physician-scientist development.

Methods: Standard teaching scripts for both clinical trial and cross-sectional study simulation were designed.

Effects of Fat and Carnitine on the Expression of Carnitine Acetyltransferase and Enoyl-CoA Hydratase Short-Chain 1 in the Liver of Juvenile GIFT ().

Carnitine acetyltransferase (CAT) and Enoyl-CoA hydratase short-chain 1 (ECHS1) are considered key enzymes that regulate the β-oxidation of fatty acids. However, very few studies have investigated their full length and expression in genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT, ), an important aquaculture species in China. Here, we cloned CAT and ECHS1 full-length cDNA via the rapid amplification of cDNA ends, and the expressions of CAT and ECHS1 in the liver of juvenile GIFT were detected in different fat and carnitine diets, as were the changes in the lipometabolic enzymes and serum biochemical indexes of juvenile GIFT in diets with different fat and carnitine levels.

TXNIP knockdown protects rats against bupivacaine-induced spinal neurotoxicity via the inhibition of oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Bupivacaine (BUP) is an anesthetic commonly used in clinical practice that when used for spinal anesthesia, might exert neurotoxic effects. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is a member of the α-arrestin protein superfamily that binds covalently to thioredoxin (TRX) to inhibit its function, leading to increased oxidative stress and activation of apoptosis. The role of TXNIP in BUP-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis remains to be elucidated.

Association between elevated preoperative VE/VCO2 slope and increased mortality following major surgery: a meta-analysis.

Introduction: The relationship between preoperative VE/VCO2 slope and mortality in adults undergoing major surgery is not well-established.

Evidence Acquisition: PubMed and Embase were queried until November 2023 to identify studies exploring the link between preoperative VE/VCO2 slope and postoperative mortality in adults undergoing major surgery. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at the longest follow-up.

Assessment of supply-demand relationships considering the interregional flow of ecosystem services.

Accurate assessment of ecosystem service (ES) supply, demand, and flow is essential for identifying and enhancing the ES supply-demand relationship and promoting regional sustainable development. Based on the InVEST model, supply-demand ratio, coupling coordination analysis, breakpoint and field strength model, and GIS spatial analysis method, we evaluated the supply and demand of water yield, food supply, carbon storage, and soil conservation service in the Loess Plateau in 2000 and 2020 and analyzed the supply-demand relationship before and after considering the interregional ecosystem service flow (ESF). The results showed that (1) from 2000 to 2020, the supply and demand of the four types of ESs in the Loess Plateau increased.

Availability and threshold of the vasoactive-inotropic score for predicting early extubation in adults after rheumatic heart valve surgery: a single-center retrospective cohort study.

Background: Early extubation (EEx) is defined as the removal of the endotracheal tube within 8 h postoperatively. The present study involved determining the availability and threshold of the vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS) for predicting EEx in adults after elective rheumatic heart valve surgery.

Methods: The present study was designed as a single-center retrospective cohort study which was conducted with adults who underwent elective rheumatic heart valve surgery with CPB.

FASN Inhibition Decreases MHC-I Degradation and Synergizes with PD-L1 Checkpoint Blockade in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Unlabelled: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) transformed the treatment landscape of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Unfortunately, patients with attenuated MHC-I expression remain refractory to ICIs, and druggable targets for upregulating MHC-I are limited. Here, we found that genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of fatty acid synthase (FASN) increased MHC-I levels in HCC cells, promoting antigen presentation and stimulating antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell cytotoxicity.

Estimating disparities of prostate cancer burden and its attributable risk factors for males across the BRICS-plus, 1990-2019: A comparable study of key nations with emerging economies.

Backgrounds: The study aimed to analyze epidemiology burden of male prostate cancer across the BRICS-plus, and identify potential risk factors by assessing the associations with age, period, birth cohorts and sociodemographic index (SDI).

Methods: Data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The average annual percent change (AAPC) was calculated to assess long-term trends, and age-period-cohort analysis was used to analyze these three effects on prostate cancer burden.

Cytosolic mtDNA-cGAS-STING axis contributes to sepsis-induced acute kidney injury via activating the NLRP3 inflammasome.

Background: NLRP3 inflammasome activation is significantly associated with sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (S-AKI). Cytosolic DNA derived from damaged mitochondria has been reported to activate NLRP3 inflammasome via upregulating the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) axis in nucleus pulposus cell and cardiomyocytes. However, the regulatory effect of mitochondria DNA (mtDNA)-cGAS-STING axis on the NLRP3 inflammasome in S-AKI remains unclear.