Unraveling the Essential Role of Consecutive Protonation Steps in Photocatalytic CO Reduction when Using Au Nanorods in a MOF.

The proton-coupled electron transfer process (PCET) plays a crucial role in both natural and artificial photosynthesis, including CO fixation chemistry. However, difficulties in capturing the transient intermediates generated during the protonation process impede the clarification of the fundamental mechanism behind photocatalytic CO reduction. Herein, we report a general killing two birds with one stone strategy by spatially confining Au nanorods within a typical porphyrin metal-organic framework (MOF).

Risk factors, impact and treatment of postoperative lymphatic leakage in children with abdominal neuroblastoma operated on by laparotomy.

Background: Lymphatic leakage is one of the postoperative complications of neuroblastoma. The purpose of this study is to summarize the clinical characteristics and risk factors of lymphatic leakage and try to find effective prevention and treatment measures.

Methods: A retrospective study included 186 children with abdominal neuroblastoma, including 32 children of lymphatic leakage and 154 children of non-lymphatic leakage.

A Primary Report 166 Cases of Abdominal or Pelvic Neuroblastoma Surgery Utilizing the International Neuroblastoma Surgical Report Form (INSRF).

Background And Aims: Surgery is pivotal in the management of neuroblastoma (NB), particularly in patients with Image-Defined Risk Factors (IDRFs). The International Neuroblastoma Surgical Report Form (INSRF) was introduced to enhance surgical reporting quality and analyze the defining role of extensive surgery in NB. This study reports our experience with INSRF and explores new criteria for evaluating the extent of surgical resection.

Structuring Cu Membrane Electrode for Maximizing Ethylene Yield from CO Electroreduction.

Electrocatalytic ethylene (CH) evolution from CO reduction is an intriguing route to mitigate both the energy and environmental crises; however, to acquire industrially relevant high productivity and selectivity at low energy cost remains to be challenging. Membrane assembly electrode has shown great prospect and tailoring its architecture for maximizing CH yield at minimum voltage with long-term stability becomes critical. Here a freestanding Cu membrane cathode is designed and constructed by electrochemically depositing mesoporous Cu film on Cu foam to simultaneously manage CO, electron, water, and product transport, which shows an extraordinary CH Faradaic efficiency of 85.

Electrochemiluminescence Analysis of Multiple Glycans on Single Living Cell with a Closed Bipolar Electrode Array Chip.

The profiling of multiple glycans on a single cell is important for elucidating glycosylation mechanisms and accurately identifying disease states. Herein, we developed a closed bipolar electrode (BPE) array chip for live single-cell trapping and in situ galactose and sialic acid detection with the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) method. Methylene blue-DNA (MB-DNA) as well as biotin-DNA (Bio-DNA) codecorated AuNPs were prepared as nanoprobes, which were selectively labeled on the cell surface through chemoselective labeling techniques.

Pediatric adrenocortical carcinoma: clinical features and application of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics of children with adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) and preliminarily explore the indications for and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in certain patients.

Methods: The data of 49 children with adrenocortical tumors (ACT) in the past 15 years were retrospectively analyzed, and after pathology assessment using Weiss system grading, 40 children diagnosed with ACC were included. Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.

Strong Metal-Support Interaction Facilitated Multicomponent Alloy Formation on Metal Oxide Support.

Multicomponent alloy (MA) contains a nearly infinite number of unprecedented active sites through entropy stabilization, which is a desired platform for exploring high-performance catalysts. However, MA catalysts are usually synthesized under severe conditions, which induce support structure collapse and further deteriorate the synergy between MA and support. We propose that a strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) could facilitate the formation of MA by establishing a tunnel of oxygen vacancy for metal atom transport under low reduction temperature (400-600 °C), which exemplifies the holistic design of MA catalysts without deactivating supports.

Tuning Redistribution of CuO Nanoparticles on TiO Support.

Nanoparticles exhibit unique catalytic performance, depending on their nanoscale size. However, controlling the particle size of the supported catalysts is still challenging. Here, we present a method for tunable redistribution of CuO nanoparticles on rutile TiO support by physically adding pristine TiO.

Evaluating the clinical efficacy and limitations of indocyanine green fluorescence-guided surgery in childhood hepatoblastoma: A retrospective study.

Background: Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence guided surgery has been used to treat childhood hepatoblastoma (HB), but the advantages and disadvantages of this technique have not been fully discussed. The purpose of this study is to summarize the experience and to explore the clinical value of this technique for children with HB.

Methods: 45 children with HB who underwent ICG fluorescence guided surgery (n = 22) and general surgery (n = 23) in our center from January 2020 to December 2022 were enrolled retrospectively.

Synergistic ROS generation and directional overloading of endogenous calcium induce mitochondrial dysfunction in living cells.

Taking advantage of endogenous Ca to upregulate intramitochondrial Ca level has become a powerful mean for mitochondrial dysfunction-mediated tumor therapy. However, the Ca entered into mitochondria is limited ascribing to the uncontrollability and non-selectivity of endogenous Ca transport. It remains a great challenge to make the maximum use of endogenous Ca to ensure sufficient Ca overloading in mitochondria.

Surgical treatment of postoperative intractable bile leakage after liver tumor surgery in children.

Aim: To summarize systematically our six-year experience in the surgical treatment of postoperative bile leakage after liver tumor surgery in children, and explore its reoperation approach and treatment effect.

Methods: The clinical data of 6 patients with postoperative bile leakage cured by surgery from January 2016 to January 2022 were reviewed retrospectively.

Results: Among the six pediatric patients with postoperative bile leakage cured by surgery, four were male (67%) and two were female (33%).

Safety and feasibility of laparoscopic resection of abdominal neuroblastoma without image-defined risk factors: a single-center experience.

Objective: To explore the criteria, safety and efficacy of laparoscopic surgery in pediatric neuroblastoma (NB).

Methods: A retrospective study of 87 patients with NB without image-defined risk factors (IDRFs) between December 2016 and January 2021 at Beijing Children's Hospital was conducted. Patients were divided into two groups according to the surgical procedure.

Tumor-Background Ratio is an effective method to identify tumors and false-positive nodules in indocyanine-green navigation surgery for pediatric liver cancer.

Background: Indocyanine green (ICG) navigation surgery has been used for hepatoblastoma (HB) in children but the technique has been reported for using in other childhood liver cancers were rare. This article summarizes the application experience of ICG in HB and other childhood liver cancers in children and explores the role of fluorescence intensity measurement in identifying tumors.

Methods: To summarize the clinical experience of children with liver cancer treated by ICG navigation surgery.

Electron-Level Mechanistic Insights into Ce Doping for Enhanced Efficiency Degradation of Bisphenol A under Visible Light Irradiation.

Bismuth oxybromide (BiOBr), with its special layered structure, is known to have potential as a visible-light-driven photocatalyst. However, the rapid recombination and short lifetime of the photogenerated carriers of BiOBr restrict its photocatalytic efficiency for the degradation of organic pollutants. Given the similar ionic size of Ce and Bi, Ce atoms might be easily introduced into the crystal of BiOBr to tailor its band structure.

Targeted killing of tumor cells based on isoelectric point suitable nanoceria-rod with high oxygen vacancies.

Nanozymes have great potential applications in tumor treatment due to their good stability, high biocompatibility, easy preparation and versatility. However, it remains a challenge to design highly active nanozymes with tumor cell targeting. Herein, three nanoceria structures (nanoceria-rod; nanoceria polyhedra, abbreviated as nanoceria-poly.

A reconstructed porous copper surface promotes selectivity and efficiency toward C products by electrocatalytic CO reduction.

Electrocatalytic synthesis of multicarbon (C) products from CO reduction suffers from poor selectivity and low energy efficiency. Herein, a facile oxidation-reduction cycling method is adopted to reconstruct the Cu electrode surface with the help of halide anions. The surface composed of entangled Cu nanowires with hierarchical pores is synthesized in the presence of I, exhibiting a C faradaic efficiency (FE) of 80% at -1.

Insight into atomically dispersed porous M-N-C single-site catalysts for electrochemical CO reduction.

Transition metal single-site catalysts have unique activities for electrochemical CO reduction. However, the exact active center and reaction mechanism remain unclear due to a number of challenges in the controllable synthesis of single-atom catalysts (SACs) and defects in metal supports. Here we combine both experimental and theoretical calculations to systematically explore the mechanistic reaction path of selected transition metal single sites on nitrogen-doped porous carbon.

Delocalized electron effect on single metal sites in ultrathin conjugated microporous polymer nanosheets for boosting CO cycloaddition.

CO cycloaddition with epoxides at low temperature and pressure has been broadly recognized as an ambitious but challenging goal, which requires the catalysts to have precisely controlled Lewis acid sites. Here, we demonstrate that both stereochemical environment and oxidation state of single cobalt active sites in cobalt tetraaminophthalocyanine [CoPc(NH)] are finely tuned via molecular engineering with 2,5-di-tert-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone (DTBBQ). Notably, DTBBQ incorporation not only enables formation of 5-nm-thick conjugated microporous polymer (CMP) nanosheets due to the steric hindrance effect of tert-butyl groups but also makes isolated cobalt sites with high oxidation state due to the presence of delocalized electron-withdrawing effect of alkene groups in DTBBQ via conjugated skeleton.

Metalation of Catechol-Functionalized Defective Covalent Organic Frameworks for Lewis Acid Catalysis.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as a fascinating crystalline porous material and are widely used in the field of catalysis. However, developing simple approaches to fabricate conjugated COFs with specific functional groups remains a significant challenge. In this study, the construction of defective COF-LZU1 with Lewis acid sites embedded into the frameworks is fulfilled by a facile solvent-assisted ligand exchange method.

Zero-Dimensional-g-CNQD-Coordinated Two-Dimensional Porphyrin MOF Hybrids for Boosting Photocatalytic CO Reduction.

It is urgent yet challenging to develop photocatalysts for visible-light-driven CO reduction with high efficiency and selectivity. Here, we report a novel hybrid catalyst by coordinating zero-dimensional (0D) carbon nitride quantum dots (g-CNQDs) with two-dimensional (2D) ultrathin porphyrin MOF (PMOF). Different from previously reported hybrid catalysts combined through physical or electrostatic interactions, in our prepared g-CNQDs/PMOF hybrids, g-CNQDs are coordinated with Co active sites in PMOF, which significantly shortens the migrating pathway of both photogenerated charge carriers and gaseous substrates from g-CNQDs to Co active centers.

Reordering d Orbital Energies of Single-Site Catalysts for CO Electroreduction.

The single-site catalyst (SSC) characteristic of atomically dispersed active centers will not only maximize the catalytic activity, but also provide a promising platform for establishing the structure-activity relationship. However, arbitrary arrangements of active sites in the existed SSCs make it difficult for mechanism understanding and performance optimization. Now, a well-defined ultrathin SSC is fabricated by assembly of metal-porphyrin molecules, which enables the precise identification of the active sites for d-orbital energy engineering.