On the Origin of Capacity Increase in Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries with Manganese Oxide Cathodes and Copper Metal Current Collectors.

Rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs), with Cu as positive electrode current collector (CC), typically display a gradual capacity increase with cycling. Whereas the origin of this was suggested in gradual active material electro-activation, the fact that this is prevalent in many positive electrode material systems remains unexplained. Herein, we elucidate the underlying mechanism through a series of multiscale joint operando X-ray characterizations, including operando synchrotron X-ray diffraction and imaging technology.

Modulated synthesis of hcp MOFs for preferential CO capture.

We herein show that the μ-OH bridging groups in the double MO(OH) clusters of hcp UiO-66 could act as a preferential CO sorption site, compared to fcu UiO-66. As such, hcp-UiO-66-0.015 shows a high binary CO sorption capacity of 0.

Design Principles of Quinone Redox Systems for Advanced Sulfide Solid-State Organic Lithium Metal Batteries.

The emergence of solid-state battery technology presents a potential solution to the dissolution challenges of high-capacity small molecule quinone redox systems. Nonetheless, the successful integration of argyrodite-type LiPSCl, the most promising solid-state electrolyte system, and quinone redox systems remains elusive due to their inherent reactivity. Here, a library of quinone derivatives is selected as model electrode materials to ascertain the critical descriptors governing the (electro)chemical compatibility and subsequently the performances of LiPSCl-based solid-state organic lithium metal batteries (LMBs).

Numerical study on solar photovoltaic/thermal system with tesla valve.

In recent years, photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) systems have played a crucial role in reducing energy consumption and environmental degradation, nonetheless, the low energy conversion efficiency presents a considerable obstacle for PV/T systems. Therefore, improving heat conversion efficiency is essential to enhance energy efficiency. In this paper, the PV/T system with the Tesla valve is proposed to solve this problem.

Boosting Hydrogen Storage Performance of MgH by Oxygen Vacancy-Rich H-VO Nanosheet as an Excited H-Pump.

MgH is a promising high-capacity solid-state hydrogen storage material, while its application is greatly hindered by the high desorption temperature and sluggish kinetics. Herein, intertwined 2D oxygen vacancy-rich VO nanosheets (H-VO) are specifically designed and used as catalysts to improve the hydrogen storage properties of MgH. The as-prepared MgH-H-VO composites exhibit low desorption temperatures (T = 185 °C) with a hydrogen capacity of 6.

Small Target Detection in Refractive Panorama Surveillance Based on Improved YOLOv8.

Panoramic imaging is increasingly critical in UAVs and high-altitude surveillance applications. In addressing the challenges of detecting small targets within wide-area, high-resolution panoramic images, particularly issues concerning accuracy and real-time performance, we have proposed an improved lightweight network model based on YOLOv8. This model maintains the original detection speed, while enhancing precision, and reducing the model size and parameter count by 10.

A High-Energy Tellurium Redox-Amphoteric Conversion Cathode Chemistry for Aqueous Zinc Batteries.

Rechargeable aqueous zinc batteries are potential candidates for sustainable energy storage systems at a grid scale, owing to their high safety and low cost. However, the existing cathode chemistries exhibit restricted energy density, which hinders their extensive applications. Here, a tellurium redox-amphoteric conversion cathode chemistry is presented for aqueous zinc batteries, which delivers a specific capacity of 1223.

Elucidating the Reaction Mechanism of Mn Electrolyte Additives in Aqueous Zinc Batteries.

Aqueous zinc batteries (ZIBs) have attracted considerable attention in recent years because of their high safety and eco-friendly features. Numerous studies have shown that adding Mn salts to ZnSO electrolytes enhanced overall energy densities and extended the cycling life of Zn/MnO batteries. It is commonly believed that Mn additives in the electrolyte inhibit the dissolution of MnO cathode.

Nanostructuring of Mg-Based Hydrogen Storage Materials: Recent Advances for Promoting Key Applications.

A comprehensive discussion of the recent advances in the nanostructure engineering of Mg-based hydrogen storage materials is presented. The fundamental theories of hydrogen storage in nanostructured Mg-based hydrogen storage materials and their practical applications are reviewed. The challenges and recommendations of current nanostructured hydrogen storage materials are pointed out.

Oxygen Vacancy-Rich 2D TiO Nanosheets: A Bridge Toward High Stability and Rapid Hydrogen Storage Kinetics of Nano-Confined MgH.

MgH has attracted intensive interests as one of the most promising hydrogen storage materials. Nevertheless, the high desorption temperature, sluggish kinetics, and rapid capacity decay hamper its commercial application. Herein, 2D TiO nanosheets with abundant oxygen vacancies are used to fabricate a flower-like MgH/TiO heterostructure with enhanced hydrogen storage performances.

Magnesium hydride confers copper tolerance in alfalfa via regulating nitric oxide signaling.

Magnesium hydride (MgH) as a solid-state hydrogen source might be potentially applied in industry and medicine. However, its biological function in plants has not yet been fully discovered. In this report, it was observed that MgH administration could relieve copper (Cu) toxicity in alfalfa that was confirmed by a reduction in root growth inhibition.

Nanoconfined and Catalyzed MgH Self-Assembled on 3D TiC MXene Folded Nanosheets with Enhanced Hydrogen Sorption Performances.

MXenes are considered as potential support materials for nanoconfinement of MgH/Mg to improve the hydrogen storage properties. However, it has never been realized so far due to the stacking and oxidation problems caused by unexpected surface terminations (-OH, -O, .) on MXenes.

Magnesium Hydride-Mediated Sustainable Hydrogen Supply Prolongs the Vase Life of Cut Carnation Flowers via Hydrogen Sulfide.

Magnesium hydride (MgH) is a promising solid-state hydrogen source with high storage capacity (7.6 wt%). Although it is recently established that MgH has potential applications in medicine because it sustainably supplies hydrogen gas (H), the biological functions of MgH in plants have not been observed yet.

Ultralow-loading platinum-cobalt fuel cell catalysts derived from imidazolate frameworks.

Achieving high catalytic performance with the lowest possible amount of platinum is critical for fuel cell cost reduction. Here we describe a method of preparing highly active yet stable electrocatalysts containing ultralow-loading platinum content by using cobalt or bimetallic cobalt and zinc zeolitic imidazolate frameworks as precursors. Synergistic catalysis between strained platinum-cobalt core-shell nanoparticles over a platinum-group metal (PGM)-free catalytic substrate led to excellent fuel cell performance under 1 atmosphere of O or air at both high-voltage and high-current domains.

Effect of Strain Heterogeneities on Microstructure, Texture, Hardness, and H-Activation of High-Pressure Torsion Mg Consolidated from Different Powders.

Severe plastic deformation techniques, such as high-pressure torsion (HPT), have been increasingly applied on powder materials to consolidate bulk nanostructured materials. In this context, the aim of the present study is to compare the plastic deformation characteristics during HPT of two distinct Mg-based powder precursors: (i) atomized micro-sized powder and (ii) condensed and passivated nanopowder. Dynamic recrystallization could take place during HPT consolidation of the atomized powder particles while the oxide pinning of the grain boundaries restricted it for the condensed powder.

Hydrogen storage in MgNi(Fe)H nano particles synthesized from coarse-grained Mg and nano sized Ni(Fe) precursor.

In this work, MgNi(Fe)H was synthesized using precursors of nano Ni(Fe) composite powder prepared through arc plasma method and coarse-grained Mg powder. The microstructure, composition, phase components and the hydrogen storage properties of the Mg-Ni(Fe) composite were carefully investigated. It is observed that the MgNi(Fe)H particles formed from the Mg-Ni(Fe) composite have a diameter of 100-240 nm and a portion of Fe in the Ni(Fe) nano particles transformed into α-Fe nano particles with the diameter of 40-120 nm.

Mechanisms of partial hydrogen sorption reversibility in a 3NaBH/ScF composite.

A new hydrogen storage composite containing NaBH and a 3d transition metal fluoride, 3NaBH/ScF, was synthesized ball milling. The composite shows no reaction during milling and its dehydriding process can be divided into three steps upon heating: (i) partial substitution of H by F in NaBH to form NaBH F at the early stage, releasing about 0.19 wt% of hydrogen; (ii) formations of NaScF, NaBF and ScB through the reaction between NaBH and ScF, with 2.

NaBH4 in "Graphene Wrapper:" Significantly Enhanced Hydrogen Storage Capacity and Regenerability through Nanoencapsulation.

A new high-capacity reversible hydrogen-storage material synthesized by the encapsulation of NaBH4 nanoparticles in graphene is reported. This approach effectively prevents phase agglomeration or separation during successive H2 discharge/recharge processes and enables rapid H2 uptake and release in NaBH4 under mild conditions. The strategy advanced here paves a new way for application in energy generation and storage.