Atomistic mechanism of phase transformation between topologically close-packed complex intermetallics.

Understanding how topologically close-packed phases (TCPs) transform between one another is one of the challenging puzzles in solid-state transformations. Here we use atomic-resolved tools to dissect the transition among TCPs, specifically the μ and P (or σ) phases in nickel-based superalloys. We discover that the P phase originates from intrinsic (110) faulted twin boundaries (FTB), which according to first-principles calculations is of extraordinarily low energy.

Atmospheric perfluoroalkyl acid occurrence and isomer profiles in Beijing, China.

The airborne occurrence, isomer profiles, and phase distribution of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), including perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCAs) and sulfonates (PFSAs), have received little scientific attention to date. Here we collected gaseous and particulate phase (PM) samples in China, between June and November 2013, using alkalized annular denuders and downstream filters toavoid sampling artefacts associated with traditional air sampling. We analysed the concentrations of 18 linear PFAAs and the branched isomers of perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS).

Effects of Cyclosporine on Palmoplantar Pustulosis and Serum Expression of IL-17, IL-23, and TNF-α.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the effects of cyclosporine on palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) and serum expression of IL-17, IL-23, and TNF-α.

Methods: Patients with PPP (n = 48) were recruited and treated with cyclosporine alone. The Palmoplantar Pustulosis Area and Severity Index score was obtained, and ELISA was employed to detect the serum IL-17, IL-23, and TNF-α expression before treatment and after 8 weeks of treatment.

Comparative studies of two methods for miRNA isolation from milk whey.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) from milk whey have been considered for their potential as noninvasive biomarkers for milk quality control and disease diagnosis. However, standard protocols for miRNA isolation and quantification from milk whey are not well established. The objective of this study was to compare two methods for the isolation of miRNAs from milk whey.