-mediated auxin release from rootstock cotyledon contributes to healing in watermelon as revealed by seeds soaking-VIGS and cotyledon grafting.

Grafting is a propagation method extensively utilized in cucurbits. However, the mechanisms underlying graft healing remain poorly understood. This study employed self-grafted watermelon plants to investigate how rootstock cotyledon affects healing.

Underwater image restoration via Stokes decomposition.

In this Letter, we present a Stokes imaging-based method to restore objects and enhance image contrast in turbid water. In the system, a light source illuminates the objects with two orthometric polarization states; based on a new Stokes decomposition model, the recorded images are converted to Stokes maps and subsequently restored to a clear image, free of reflections and scattered lights. A mathematical model has been developed to explain the Stokes decomposition and how the undesired reflections and scattered lights are rejected.