Diagnosis and Management of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis Due to Polycythemia Vera and Genetic Thrombophilia: Case Report and Literature Review.

(1) Background: Cerebral venous and dural sinus thrombosis (CVT) rarely appears in the adult population. It is difficult to diagnosis because of its variable clinical presentation and the overlapping signal intensities of thrombosis and venous flow on conventional MR images and MR venograms. (2) Case presentation: A 41-year-old male patient presented with an acute isolated intracranial hypertension syndrome.

An Integrated Approach on the Diagnosis of Cerebral Veins and Dural Sinuses Thrombosis (a Narrative Review).

(1) Objective: This review paper aims to discuss multiple aspects of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), including epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation. Different neuroimaging methods for diagnosis of CVT, such as computer tomography CT/CT Venography (CTV), and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)/MR Venography (MRV) will be presented. (2) Methods: A literature analysis using PubMed and the MEDLINE sub-engine was done using the terms: cerebral venous thrombosis, thrombophilia, and imaging.

Ultrasound Technologies and the Diagnosis of Giant Cell Arteritis.

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a primary autoimmune vasculitis that specifically affects medium-sized extracranial arteries, like superficial temporal arteries (TAs). The most important data to be considered for the ultrasound (US) diagnosis of temporal arteritis are stenosis, acute occlusions and "dark halo" sign, which represent the edema of the vascular wall. The vessel wall thickening of large vessels in GCA can be recognized by the US, which has high sensitivity and is facile to use.

Diagnosis and Management of Mixed Transcortical Aphasia Due to Multiple Predisposing Factors, including Postpartum and Severe Inherited Thrombophilia, Affecting Multiple Cerebral Venous and Dural Sinus Thrombosis: Case Report and Literature Review.

Cerebral venous and dural sinus thrombosis (CVT) is an uncommon disease in the general population, although it is a significant stroke type throughout pregnancy and the puerperium. Studies describing this subtype of CVT are limited. Most pregnancy-associated CVT happen in late pregnancy, or more commonly in the first postpartum weeks, being associated with venous thrombosis outside the nervous system.

Management of an old woman with cavernous sinus thrombosis with two different mechanisms: case report and review of the literature.

Cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) usually produces a characteristic clinical syndrome. Septic CST represents a sporadic, but severe complication of infection of the cavernous sinuses, which can bring high mortality and morbidity rates if not treated right away. Case presentation: The current research is a case report of a 64-year-old woman with inherited thrombophilia who developed an acute mastoid infection that resulted in septic right CST.

Left internal carotid artery agenesis associated with communicating arteries anomalies. A case report.

Agenesis, aplasia and hypoplasia of the internal carotid artery are rare congenital malformations. They are usually asymptomatic and incidentally discovered through ultrasound or imagistic tests. The aim of this study is to improve their management in our Departments.

Multiple congenital anomalies of carotid and vertebral arteries in a patient with an ischemic stroke in the vertebrobasilar territory. Case report and review of the literature.

The congenital anomalies of the supra-aortic arteries and their branches as potential risk factors for cerebrovascular insufficiency are not yet fully investigated and clarified. This report describes the case of a 68-year-old man who was admitted in our Clinic for an acute ischemic stroke in the vertebrobasilar territory. Extracranial color-coded duplex sonography (CCDS) and computed tomography angiography revealed a combination of congenital anomalies of the neck arteries: left internal carotid artery hypoplasia, left common carotid artery hypoplasia, right vertebral artery hypoplasia and the emergence of the left vertebral artery directly from the aortic arch.

Diagnosis and management of a young woman with acute isolated lateral sinus thrombosis.

Isolated lateral sinus thrombosis (LST) was mentioned in the past as a complication of middle ear infection. In the recent years, it was not frequently studied. Our patient, a 23-year-old woman who was taking an oral contraceptive pill, displayed 24 hours of migraine, such as headache; her systemic examinations were normal.

An evaluation on multidisciplinary management of carotid body paragangliomas: a report of seven cases.

Carotid body paragangliomas (CBPGLs) are a rare neoplasms of the neuroendocrine system that affect the carotid glomus. The aim of this study is to improve their management in our Departments. This retrospective analysis reports family history, clinical presentation, imaging diagnostics, Shamblin classification, surgical treatment, complications, and the outcome of seven patients with CBPGLs.

Clinical and color Doppler imaging features of one patient with occult giant cell arteritis presenting arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy.

Anterior ischemic optic neuropathies (AIONs) represent a segmental infarction of the optic nerve head (ONH) supplied by the posterior ciliary arteries (PCAs). Blood supply blockage can occur with or without arterial inflammation. For this reason, there are two types of AIONs: non-arteritic (NA-AION), and arteritic (A-AION), the latter is almost invariably due to giant cell arteritis (GCA).

Pulsatile tinnitus caused by a dilated left petrosquamosal sinus.

The emissary veins, like the petrosquamosal sinus (PSS), are residual valveless veins, which connect the intracranial dural venous sinuses and the extracranial venous system. Rarely, they may cause pulsatile tinnitus (PT). A 22-year-old woman developed in the first week of puerperium worsening headaches, vomiting, and diplopia, and the accentuation of a PT in the left ear that she presented for eight years.

Color Doppler imaging features in patients presenting central retinal artery occlusion with and without giant cell arteritis.

Introduction: Central retinal artery obstruction (CRAO) represents an abrupt diminution of blood flow through the CRA that is severe enough to cause ischemia of the inner retina with permanent unilateral visual loss. We presented the role of color Doppler imaging (CDI) of orbital vessels and of extracranial duplex sonography (EDS) in the etiological diagnosis of CRAO in two patients with clinical suspicion of unilateral CRAO.

Case Report: Patients were examined following the protocol which included CDI of orbital vessels and EDS.

Inhibition of Activin Signaling Slows Progression of Polycystic Kidney Disease.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), characterized by the formation of numerous kidney cysts, is caused by PKD1 or PKD2 mutations and affects 0.1% of the population. Although recent clinical studies indicate that reduction of cAMP levels slows progression of PKD, this finding has not led to an established safe and effective therapy for patients, indicating the need to find new therapeutic targets.

Microbiologic Safety of the Transareolar Approach in Breast Augmentation.

Background: In aesthetic breast augmentation, especially by the transareolar approach, there is increasing concern regarding the occurrence of capsular contracture and its potential correlation with intraoperative implant contamination from putative endogenous breast flora of the nipple and lactiferous ducts. However, detectable bacteria cannot be considered synonymous with established resident microflora.

Objectives: The authors sought to elucidate the existence of endogenous breast flora and assess the microbiologic safety of transareolar breast augmentation.

BReast Ecology Assessment in the STudy of local MicroFlora - Study Protocol.

Introduction: Recent articles have described an endogenous breast flora, particularly in the nipple ducts, with potential implications in the outcome of aesthetic breast surgery. To characterize the ecology of the breast, we designed a study to assess the microbial species identified on the breast skin and parenchyma in patients undergoing breast surgical interventions.

Methods: AFTER OBTAINING INFORMED CONSENT AND BACKGROUND DATA ON CONCURRENT DISEASES, PREVIOUS CONTACT WITH THE HOSPITAL SYSTEM AND PRIOR USE OF ANTIBIOTICS, SAMPLES ARE COLLECTED PREOPERATIVELY FROM THREE AREAS OF THE BREAST SKIN, BILATERALLY: the inframammary fold, the areola and the axilla, prior to decontamination.

The synergy between lasers and adipose tissues surgery in cervicofacial rejuvenation: histopathological aspects.

Background And Aims: Nowadays patients want a long-lasting youthful appearance but through a less invasive approach. Our unique approach, "AdipoLASER reJuvenation (ALJ)", involves a variety of less invasive techniques based on simultaneous laser resurfacing, and lipolysis together with adipose tissue graft and redistribution. Recently, we added to this platelet-rich plasma therapy.

The sinergy between lasers and adipose surgery in face and neck rejuvenation: a new approach from personal experience.

Background And Aims: Patients now want a long-lasting youthful appearance but with a minimally-invasive approach. Our unique approach, "AdipoLASER reJuvenation (ALJ)", involves a variety of minimally-invasive laser- and lipolysis-based techniques, and the present study assessed the impact of this ALJ approach.

Subjects And Methods: From 2008 - 2011, we prospectively enrolled 221 patients into the study.

[Color Doppler imaging and central retinal artery occlusion].

Purpose: To assess the role of CDI of retrobulbar vessels in pathogenic diagnosis of CRAO.

Methods: We have used a sonographer with 9 MHz linear probe.

Results: We present four patients with CRAO that have no emboli visible on ophthalmoscopy The first patient had no blood flow signal on CDI on a surface of 2 millimeters behind the optic disc.

[Carotid-cavernous fistulas of low-flow type: color Doppler imaging of retrobulbar vessels findings].

Background: Carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCF) of low-flow type are the results of development of communication between small arteries and veins of cavernous sinus.

Purpose: To assess the role of CDI of retrobulbar vessels in the study of two patients with CCF of low-flow type.

Methods: We have used a sonographer with 9MHz linear probe.

[Giant cell arteritis with eye involvment--color Doppler imaging or retrobulabar vessels findings].

Background: Giant cell arteritis (temporal arteritis) is a primary vasculitis, that affects large arteries, especially branches of the external carotid artery (ECA).

Purpose: To assess the role of CDI of retrobulbar vessels in the study of two patients with giant cell arteritis with eye involvement.

Methods: We have used a sonographer with 8-15 MHz linear probe.

[Color Doppler ecography in the study of retrobulbar circulation changes caused by optic nerve drusen].

Very often, the optic disc drusen it is an unexpected discover on an clinical routine exam. The vascular changes can lead to major visual impairments (central retinal artery occlusion, NAION, hemorrhagic complications).

[Color Doppler ecography in diagnosis membranous echoes].

The positive and differential diagnosis of retinal detachment can be sometimes quite a challange: low media transparency pitfalls in diagnosing the disease. Color Doppler imaging can be helpful for the physician.

[Peripheral alexias].

The brain lesions could lead to impairments of the comprehension and production of written language. This acquired inability is named alexia. It is a significant problem for neurologists and ophthalmologists.

[The clinico-statistical aspects in allergic conjunctivitis].

Ocular allergy represents the hypersensitivity reaction of the ocular surfaces in contact with the external environment. Allergic conjunctivitis are one of the frequent disorders of the clinical practice. In this paper we present statistically the cases attended in our service for one year, a few pathogenetical factors; the positive diagnose and the therapeutic strategy.

[Painful ophthalmoplegia--a clinical case].

We present the case of the patient S.M., female, 32 years old, who came in our eye clinic for left painful ophthalmoplegia.