Total syntheses of the parvistemoline alkaloids enabled by stereocontrolled Ir/Pd-catalyzed allylic alkylation.

The functionalized polycycle with densely contiguous tertiary stereocenters is a formidable challenge in synthesizing the parvistemoline family of Stemona alkaloids. We herein report their catalytic, asymmetric total syntheses in 13-14 steps from commercially available 2-(methoxycarbonyl)-pyrrole, featuring the development and deployment of an Ir/Pd-synergistically-catalyzed allylation of α-non-substituted keto esters with secondary aryl-substituted alcohols, stereodivergently accessible to four stereoisomers. Using chiral Pd-enolate and Ir π-allyl complex under neutral conditions, no epimerization occurs.

The effects of the interaction between cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) and walnut protein isolate (WPI) on the thermal and oxidative stability of C3G.

This study explores the interaction between cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), a water-soluble pigment known for its diverse functional activities, and walnut protein isolate (WPI) as a potential stabilizing agent. Given the inherent instability of C3G, particularly its limited application in the food industry due to sensitivity to thermal and oxidative conditions, this research study aims to enhance its stability. According to the results of the fluorescence quenching experiment, C3G can efficiently quench WPI's intrinsic fluorescence through static quenching.

Effects of L-Proline on the Stability of Mulberry Anthocyanins and the Mechanism of Interaction between L-Proline and Cyanidin-3--Glycoside.

The protective effects of L-aspartic acid, L-valine, and L-proline on the stability of mulberry anthocyanins were investigated. Results showed that L-aspartic acid, L-valine, and L-proline significantly enhanced ( < 0.05) the stability of mulberry anthocyanins under constant light or ascorbic acid (AA).

Effects of different pickling methods on physicochemical properties and flavor profiles of Tongling white ginger: Dry-salting, brine-pickling, and inoculation-pickling.

Tongling white ginger is a Chinese fermented vegetable with unique flavors. However, little is known about its physicochemical properties, flavor characteristics, and sensory evaluation. The study examined the physicochemical (pH, titratable acidity [TA], nitrite, soluble protein, and color) and flavor characteristics (organic acids, free amino acids, and volatiles) of white ginger during fermentation.

Jianpi Yangxue Qufeng compound alleviates atopic dermatitis via TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Background: Jianpi Yangxue Qufeng Compound (JPYXQFC) is a Chinese medicine widely used in the clinical treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) and has a significantly therapeutic effect. However, the mechanism of JPYXQFC in AD has been not understood clearly.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the effect of JPYXQFC on AD model cells and rats by regulating TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Extraction of functional natural products employing microwave-assisted aqueous two-phase system: application to anthocyanins extraction from mulberry fruits.

Aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) has been extensively utilized for the extraction and separation of tiny-molecule substances as a new system (system with short-chain ethanol and inorganic salts). In this study, an innovative method of extracting anthocyanins from mulberry was developed, employing microwave-assisted extraction with ethanol/ammonium sulfate as a biphasic extractant. Response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized to optimize anthocyanin extraction conditions: 39% ethanol (w/w), 13% ammonium sulfate (w/w), and liquid-to-solid ratio of 45:1, microwave duration 3 min, microwave temperature 32 °C, and microwave power 480 Watt (W).

Keratin-Based Composite Bioactive Films and Their Preservative Effects on Cherry Tomato.

In this study, keratins were extracted from pig nail waste through the reduction method using L-cysteine as a reductant. Curcumin was successively incorporated in a mixed solution including keratin, gelatin, and glycerin to prepare different kinds of keratin/gelatin/glycerin/curcumin composite films. The morphology of the keratin/ gelatin/glycerin/curcumin composite films were examined using scanning electron microscopy.

Relationship of Starch Pasting Properties and Dough Rheology, and the Role of Starch in Determining Quality of Short Biscuit.

Starch plays an important role in food industry. In this study, three wheat cultivars with different protein contents were used to investigate the different ratios of starch addition on starch pasting properties, starch thermal performance, dough rheology, biscuit quality, and their relationships. Results showed that with the increase in starch content, gluten, protein and glutenin macropolymer (GMP), lactic acid solvent retention capacity (SRC), sucrose SRC, and onset temperature (To) decreased, while most pasting parameters and gelatinization enthalpy (ΔH) increased.

The relationship between amylopectin fine structure and the physicochemical properties of starch during potato growth.

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the structural and functional properties of starch isolated from Atlantic potatoes at different stages of growth without the effect of varieties and growth environment. The molecular size and chain-length distribution of amylopectin significantly varied with growth. The M and M of amylopectin ranged from 2.

Changes in the multi-scale structure and physicochemical properties of starch during potato growth.

Background: Growth stage contributes critically to the physicochemical properties of starches, which make achieving desired functional properties by controlling the growth period possible. Thus, this study investigated the changes in multiscale structure and physicochemical properties of potatoes starches harvested at different growth stages.

Results: The amylose and phosphate content varied over the growth period, with the ranges 2.

A Review of Advancement on Influencing Factors of Acne: An Emphasis on Environment Characteristics.

Acne vulgaris is known as a commonly-seen skin disease with a considerable impact on the quality of life. At present, there have been a growing number of epidemiological, medical, demographic and sociological researches focusing on various influencing factors in the occurrence of acne. Nevertheless, the correlation between environmental factors and acne has yet to be fully investigated.

Topotecan induces hepatocellular injury via ASCT2 mediated oxidative stress.

Background: Topotecan is an anti-cancer chemotherapy drug with common side effects, including hepatotoxicity. In this study, we aim to investigate the mechanisms of topotecan-induced hepatocellular injury beyond conventional DNA damage.

Materials And Methods: Methyl Thiazolyl Tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to detect the inhibitory effect of topotecan on cell proliferation.

Seasonal variations of epidermal biophysical properties in Kunming, China: A self-controlled cohort study.

Background: Epidermal biophysical properties can be affected by many factors, including body site, age, gender, ethnicity, disease, temperature, humidity, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Information about variation of epidermal biophysical properties with seasons is still limited. In the present study, we determined seasonal variation of epidermal biophysical properties of women in Kunming, China.

Acanthophoraine A, a new pyrrolidine alkaloid from the red alga .

A new pyrrolidine alkaloid, acanthophoraine A (), along with six known alkaloids (-), had been isolated from the red alga . The structures of these compounds were identified by spectroscopic analyses. The absolute configuration of was established by ECD calculation.

Achieving highly sensitive detection of Cu based on AIE and FRET strategy in aqueous solution.

The aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogens are now showing strong potential in mimicking the energy donor of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) system. Herein, one highly efficient FRET system 1-NiR is successfully fabricated in aqueous solution based on an AIE active compound 1 and fluorescence dyes (Nile red (NiR)). 1 acts as the energy donor and NiR acts as the acceptor in the FRET system with the optimum concentrations ratio [1]/[NiR] = 100.

Note: A contraction channel design for planar shock wave enhancement.

A two-dimensional contraction channel with a theoretically designed concave-oblique-convex wall profile is proposed to obtain a smooth planar-to-planar shock transition with shock intensity amplification that can easily overcome the limitations of a conventional shock tube. The concave segment of the wall profile, which is carefully determined based on shock dynamics theory, transforms the shock shape from an initial plane into a cylindrical arc. Then the level of shock enhancement is mainly contributed by the cylindrical shock convergence within the following oblique segment, after which the cylindrical shock is again "bent" back into a planar shape through the third section of the shock dynamically designed convex segment.

Spectroscopic analysis and docking simulation on the recognition and binding of TEM-1 β-lactamase with β-lactam antibiotics.

The interaction between TEM-1 β-lactamase and antibiotics is very important in the hydrolysis of antibiotics. In the present study, the recognition and binding of TEM-1 β-lactamase with three β-lactam antibiotics, including penicillin G, cefalexin and cefoxitin, was investigated by fluorescence and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra in combination with molecular docking in the temperature range of 278-288 K and under simulated physiological conditions. The results demonstrated that the fluorescence emissions of TEM-1 β-lactamase were extinguished by static quenching and the energy of TEM-1 β-lactamase was transferred in a non-radioactive manner.

Binding of TEM-1 beta-lactamase to beta-lactam antibiotics by frontal affinity chromatography.

TEM-1 beta-lactamases can accurately catalyze the hydrolysis of the beta-lactam rings in beta-lactam antibiotics, which make beta-lactam antibiotics lose its activity, and the prerequisite for the hydrolysis procedure in the binding interaction of TEM-1 beta-lactamases with beta-lactam antibiotics is the beta-lactam rings in beta-lactam antibiotics. Therefore, the binding of TEM-1 beta-lactamase to three beta-lactam antibiotics including penicillin G, cefalexin as well as cefoxitin was explored here by frontal affinity chromatography in combination with fluorescence spectra, adsorption and thermodynamic data in the temperature range of 278-288K under simulated physiological conditions. The results showed that all the binding of TEM-1 beta-lactamase to the three antibiotics were spontaneously exothermic processes with the binding constants of 8.

Allergic identification for ginkgo kernel protein in guinea pigs.

L. can cause allergic reactions when consumed. In this paper, an allergy test to guinea pig was investigated.

Isolation and purification of monosialotetrahexosylgangliosides from pig brain by extraction and liquid chromatography.

Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1), one of glycosphingolipids containing sialic acid, plays particularly important role in fighting against paralysis, dementia and other diseases caused by brain and nerve damage. In this work, a simple and highly efficient method with high yield was developed for isolation and purification of GM1 from pig brain. The method consisted of an extraction by chloroform-methanol-water and a two-step chromatographic separation by DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow anion-exchange medium and Sephacryl S-100 HR size-exclusion medium.

[Effect of pulchinenoside in regulating FLS SFRP2 expression of RA model rats].

Objective: To study the effect of pulchinenoside (PULC) in modulating SFRP2 expression in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) model rats.

Method: The effect of PULC in treating RA rats was evaluated by rat arthritis score and paw swelling score. The inhibitory effect of PULC on FLS proliferation was detected by MTT reagent.